Imasisi yaseJamani (Rubella)

Umxholo

• Yintoni imasisi yaseJamani?
• Zithini iimpawu zemasisi zaseJamani?
• Yintoni ebangela imasisi yaseJamani?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni weJamani Mmeasles?
• Imasisi yaseJamani ibachaphazela njani abasetyhini abakhulelweyo?
• Ifunyaniswa njani imasisi yaseJamani?
• Inyangwa njani imasisi yaseJamani?
• Ndingathintela njani amaJamani Mumasles?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni imasisi yaseJamani?

Imasisi yaseJamani, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-rubella, sisifo esosulelayo esibangela irhashalala ebomvu emzimbeni. Ngaphandle kwe-rash, abantu abane-masisi yaseJamani bahlala benomkhuhlane kunye ne-lymph node. Usulelo lunokusasazeka lusuka komnye umntu luye emntwini ngokudibana namathontsi avela kuthimla okanye ukukhohlela komntu osulelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungayifumana imasisi yaseJamani ukuba uchukumisa umlomo, impumlo, okanye amehlo emva kokuchukumisa into enamathontsi kumntu osulelekileyo kuyo. Usenokufumana imasisi yaseJamani ngokwabelana ngokutya okanye ngeziselo nomntu owosulelekileyo.

Imasisi yaseJamani inqabile eMelika. Ngokungeniswa kwesitofu sokugonya se-rubella ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, izehlo zemasisi zaseJamani zehla kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ixhaphakile kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Ichaphazela ikakhulu abantwana, ngakumbi ezo ziphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-9 ubudala, kodwa inokwenzeka nakwabantu abadala.

Imasisi yaseJamani ngesiqhelo lusuleleko oluthambileyo oluya kuphela kwiveki enye, nangaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, inokuba yimeko enzima kubafazi abakhulelweyo, kuba inokubangela isifo se-rubella syndrome kwimveku engekazalwa. I-rubella syndrome ye-Congenital inokuphazamisa ukukhula komntwana kwaye ibangele iziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa, ezinje ngokungaqhelekanga kwentliziyo, isithulu kunye nokonakala kwengqondo. Kubalulekile ukuba ufumane unyango kwangoko ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye ukrokrela ukuba unemasisi yaseJamani.

Zithini iimpawu zemasisi zaseJamani?

Iimpawu zemasisi zaseJamani zihlala zithambile kangangokuba kunzima ukuzibona. Xa iimpawu zisenzeka, zihlala zikhula ngaphakathi kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuvezwa kokuqala kwintsholongwane. Bahlala bahlala malunga neentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezisixhenxe kwaye banokubandakanya:

• pinki okanye bomvu irhashalala eqala ebusweni ize isasazeke ezantsi kuwo wonke umzimba
• umkhuhlane omncinci, uhlala uphantsi kwe-102 ° F
• i-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo kunye nethenda
• impumlo egudileyo okanye exineneyo
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zemisipha
• Amehlo adlamkileyo okanye abomvu

Nangona ezi zimpawu zinokubonakala zinzima, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha wakho ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unemasisi yaseJamani. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukholelwa ukuba unokukhulelwa.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, imasisi yaseJamani inokukhokelela kusulelo lwendlebe kunye nokudumba kwengqondo. Shayela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyaphawula nayiphi na impawu elandelayo ngexesha okanye emva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yeJamani:

• intloko ebuhlungu ixesha elide
• indlebe
• Intamo elukhuni

Yintoni ebangela imasisi yaseJamani?

Imasisi yaseJamani ibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-rubella. Esi sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu esinokusasazeka kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo okanye emoyeni. Inokudlula isuke emntwini iye emntwini ngokudibana namachaphaza amancinci amanzi empumlweni nasemqaleni xa ethimla kunye nokukhohlela. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungayifumana intsholongwane ngokuphefumlela amathontsi omntu osulelekileyo okanye ukuchukumisa into engcoliswe ngamathontsi. Imasisi yaseJamani inokudluliselwa isuka kumfazi okhulelweyo iye kumntwana wakhe osakhulayo ngokuhamba kwegazi.

Abantu abanesifo semasisi saseJamani bachaphazeleka kakhulu kwiveki ephelileyo phambi kokuba irhashalala ivele kude kube kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokuba irhashalala ihambile. Banokusasaza intsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba bazi ukuba banayo.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni weJamani Mmeasles?

Imasisi yaseJamani inqabile kakhulu eUnited States, enkosi kwizitofu zokugonya ezihlala zibonelela ngesi sifo kwintsholongwane ye-rubella. Uninzi lweziganeko zemasisi zaseJamani zenzeka kubantu abahlala kumazwe anganikeli ugonyo oluqhelekileyo nxamnye nerubella.

Amayeza okugonya i-rubella ahlala enikwa abantwana xa baphakathi kwe-12 ne-15 leenyanga ubudala, kwaye kwakhona xa bekwiminyaka ephakathi kwe-4 no-6. Oku kuthetha ukuba iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci abangakafumani zonke izitofu banakho okukhulu umngcipheko wokufumana imasisi yaseJamani.

Ukuthintela iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa, uninzi lwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo banikwa uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwi-rubella. Kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba awuzange ufumane isitofu sokugonya kwaye ucinge ukuba unokuba ufumene i-rubella.

Imasisi yaseJamani ibachaphazela njani abasetyhini abakhulelweyo?

Xa umntu obhinqileyo efumana imasisi eJamani ngexesha lokukhulelwa, intsholongwane inokudlulela kumntwana wakhe osakhulayo ngegazi lakhe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo se-rubella syndrome. I-rubella syndrome ye-Congenital yinkxalabo enzulu yezempilo, njengoko inokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu kunye nokuzalwa kwabafileyo. Inokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa kwiintsana ezihanjiswa ukuya kwikota, kubandakanya:

• ukukhula okucothayo
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• iziphene zentliziyo
• isithulu
• amalungu angasebenzi kakuhle

Abasetyhini abakwiminyaka yokuzala kufuneka babe ne-rubella yabo yokuvavanywa ngaphambi kokuba bakhulelwe. Ukuba kufuneka isitofu sokugonya, kubalulekile ukusifumana ubuncinci kwiintsuku ezingama-28 ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa.

Ifunyaniswa njani imasisi yaseJamani?

Kuba imasisi yaseJamani ibonakala ifana nezinye iintsholongwane ezibangela irhashalala, ugqirha wakho uyakukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwakho novavanyo lwegazi. Oku kunokujonga ubukho beentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane ze-rubella egazini lakho. Ii-antibodies ziiprotein eziqonda kwaye zitshabalalise izinto eziyingozi, ezinjengeentsholongwane kunye neebhaktiriya. Iziphumo zovavanyo zingabonisa ukuba ngaba unayo intsholongwane okanye awunasifo kuyo.

Inyangwa njani imasisi yaseJamani?

Uninzi lwezifo zemasisi zaseJamani ziyanyangwa ekhaya. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ukuba uphumle ebhedini kwaye uthathe i-acetaminophen (iTylenol), enokunceda ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki kumkhuhlane nakwiihlaba. Banokucebisa ukuba uhlale ekhaya ungabikho emsebenzini okanye esikolweni ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane kwabanye.

Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo banokunyangwa ngamachiza abizwa ngokuba yi-hyperimmune globulin anokulwa intsholongwane. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zakho. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho ithuba lokuba umntwana wakho ahlakulele i-rubella syndrome yokuzalwa. Iintsana ezizalwe zine-rubella yokuzalwa ziya kufuna unyango kwiqela leengcali. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokudlulisa imasisi eJamani usana lwakho.

Ndingathintela njani amaJamani Mumasles?

Kubantu abaninzi, ukugonya yindlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yokuthintela imasisi yaseJamani. Isitofu sokugonya se-rubella sihlala sidityaniswa namayeza okugonya imasisi kunye ne-mumps kunye ne-varicella, intsholongwane ebangela irhashalala.

Ezi zitofu zihlala zinikwa abantwana abaphakathi kweenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-15 ubudala. I-booster shot iyakufuneka kwakhona xa abantwana baphakathi kweminyaka eyi-4 kunye ne-6.

Ukuba awuyazi nokuba ugonyelwe imasisi yaseJamani, kubalulekile ukuba kuvavanywe ukhuseleko lwakho, ngakumbi ukuba:

• ungumfazi okwiminyaka yokuzala kwaye akakhulelwanga
• ukuya kwiziko lemfundo
• sebenza kwiziko lonyango okanye esikolweni
• cwangcisa ukuya kwilizwe elinganikeli ugonyo nxamnye nerubella

Ngelixa isitofu sokugonya se-rubella sihlala singeyongozi, intsholongwane kwisibetho inokubangela iimpembelelo ezimbi kwabanye abantu. Akufanele ugonywe ukuba unamajoni omzimba obuthathaka ngenxa yesinye isifo, ukhulelwe, okanye ucwangcise ukukhulelwa kwinyanga ezayo.