USha'Carri Richardson ngekhe abaleke neQela laseMelika kwiiOlimpiki- kwaye iyakhokelela kwingxoxo ebalulekileyo

Umxholo

• Ngaba uRichardson uya kuvunyelwa ukuba akhuphisane kwiiOlimpiki?
• Ngaba Oku Kukhe Kwenzeka Ngaphambili?
• Kutheni iKomiti yeOlimpiki ivavanya iCannabis kwindawo yokuqala?
• Ngaba ngenene iCannabis Lichiza Lokuphucula ukusebenza?
• Ngaba iimbaleki zeOlimpiki zingasebenzisa ezinye izinto, nangona kunjalo?
• Ungaguquka njani uMgaqo-nkqubo weembaleki
• Uphengululo lwe

Imbaleki yaseMelika (kunye nokuthandwa kweembasa zegolide) kwiqela labaseTyhini laseMelika laseMelika kunye neQela likaSha'Carri Richardson, 21, unqunyanyisiwe inyanga enye emva kovavanyo oluqinisekileyo lwe-cannabis. I-sprinter yeemitha ezili-100 inikwe ukunqunyanyiswa kweentsuku ezingama-30 yi-Arhente eyi-Anti-Doping ye-United States ukusukela nge-28 kaJuni 2021, ngenxa yovavanyo lokuvavanywa kokusetyenziswa kwe-cannabis. Ngoku, akazukukwazi ukubaleka kumnyhadala weemitha ezili-100 kwiiOlimpiki zaseTokyo- nangona ephumelele umsitho kwiimvavanyo zeOlimpiki zaseMelika.

Nangona ukunqunyanyiswa kwakhe kuphele phambi kokuba i-4x100-metres relay yabasetyhini, i-USA Track & Field yabhengeza nge-6 kaJulayi ukuba u-Richardson akakhethwanga kwi-pool yokubuyisela, kwaye ngenxa yoko akayi kubhekisa eTokyo ukuya kukhuphisana neqela lase-US kwaphela.

Ukusukela oko kuvavanyo lwakhe oluqinisekileyo lwaqala ukuba sematheni ngoJulayi 2, uRichardson uye wazithetha ezi ndaba. "Ndifuna ukucela uxolo ngezenzo zam," utshilo kudliwanondlebe Namhlanje Bonisa ngolwesihlanu. "Ndiyazi into endiyenzileyo. Ndiyazi into endimele ndiyenze kwaye ndivunyelwe ukuba ndingayenzi. Kwaye ndisenzile eso sigqibo, kwaye andenzi sizathu okanye ndikhangele naluphi na uvelwano kwimeko yam. " URichardson uqhubeke wachaza ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe ukuba uye waguqukela kwi-cannabis njengohlobo lwendlela yonyango emva kokufunda ngokusweleka kukamama wakhe omzalayo kwintatheli ngexesha lodliwanondlebe kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo lweOlimpiki. Kwi-tweet izolo, wabelane ngesitatimende esifutshane: "Ndingumntu."

Ngaba uRichardson uya kuvunyelwa ukuba akhuphisane kwiiOlimpiki?

URichardson akakakhutshelwanga ngokupheleleyo kwiiOlimpiki, kodwa akasenako ukubaleka kumnyhadala weemitha ezili-100 ukusukela oko uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo “lucimile ukusebenza kwakhe kwizilingo zeOlimpiki,” ngokutsho. INew York Times. (Intsingiselo, ngenxa yokuba wavavanywa ukuba une-cannabis, ixesha lakhe lokuphumelela kulingo ngoku alikho.)

Ekuqaleni, lalisekhona ithuba lokuba akhuphisane kugqatso lweemitha ezi-4x100, kuba ukunqunyanyiswa kwakhe kuphele phambi komsitho wokukhuphisana kunye nokukhethwa kweembaleki kugqatso kuxhomekeke kwi-USATF. Umbutho ukhetha iimbaleki ezifikelela kwisithandathu kwindawo yokudlala iOlimpiki, kwaye ezine kwezi zintandathu kufuneka zibe zezona zigqibileyo zintathu kwaye zitshintshe izilingo zeOlimpiki, ngokwe IINew York Times. Abanye ababini, nangona kunjalo, akufuneki bagqibe indawo ethile kuvavanyo, yiyo loo nto uRichardson esenethuba elinokubakho lokukhuphisana. (Eyeleleneyo: Inkwenkwezi ye-Olimpiki eneminyaka engama-21 ubudala u-Sha'Carri Richardson Ufanelwe yingqalelo yakho engaphazanyiswa)

Nangona kunjalo, nge-6 kaJulayi, i-USATF ikhuphe ingxelo ngokubhekisele kukhetho lokudlulisa, iqinisekisa ukuba uSha'Carri uyakwenza oko hayi ubaleka ukudluliselwa eTokyo kunye neQela laseMelika. "Okokuqala nokuphambili, sivelana kakhulu neemeko zika-Sha'Carri Richardson ezithethelelayo kwaye sikuqhwabela izandla uxanduva lwakhe - kwaye siya kumnika inkxaso yethu eqhubekayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendlela," ifundeka njalo ingxelo. "Zonke iimbaleki zaseUSATF ziyazi ngokulinganayo kwaye kufuneka zihambelane nale khowudi ikhoyo yokulwa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, kwaye ukuthembeka kwethu njengeQumrhu elilawulayo leSizwe kungalahleka ukuba imithetho ibinganyanzeliswa kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ke ngoku ukuqonda kwethu okusuka entliziyweni kuxhomekeke kuSha'Carri, Kufuneka sigcine ubulungisa kubo bonke iimbaleki ezizame ukufezekisa amaphupha azo ngokufumana indawo kwiQela leeMidlalo leOlimpiki laseMelika. "

Ngaba Oku Kukhe Kwenzeka Ngaphambili?

Ezinye iimbaleki ze-Olimpiki ziye zajongana neziphumo ezifanayo ekusebenziseni i-cannabis, kwaye owona mzekelo udumileyo nguMichael Phelps. UPhelps wabanjwa-ngefoto-yokutya i-cannabis ngo-2009 emva koko wohlwaywa. Kodwa isohlwayo sakhe asiphazamisanga ukukwazi ukukhuphisana kwiiOlimpiki. U-Phelps akazange avavanywe ukuba une-HIV kuvavanyo lweziyobisi, kodwa wavuma ukuba usebenzisa i-cannabis. Ngethamsanqa kuye, yonke le ngxaki yayilixesha lokuphumla phakathi kwemidlalo yeOlimpiki. UPhelps waphulukana nezivumelwano zenkxaso ngexesha lokunqunyanyiswa kwakhe iinyanga ezintathu, kodwa kubonakala ngathi akuyi kuba njalo kuRichardson, oxhaswa nguNike. "Siyakubulela ukunyaniseka kukaSha'Carri kunye noxanduva lokuphendula kwaye sizakuqhubeka simxhasa ngeli xesha," uNike wabelane ngesiteyitimenti, ngokwe WWD.

Kutheni iKomiti yeOlimpiki ivavanya iCannabis kwindawo yokuqala?

I-USADA, umbutho wesizwe ochasene ne-doping e-US kwi-Olimpiki, i-Paralympic, i-Pan American, kunye nemidlalo yase-Parapan yaseMelika, ithi, "Uvavanyo luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo echasene ne-doping" kwaye umbono wayo kukuqinisekisa ukuba "Wonke umdlali unelungelo lokhuphiswano olungenamkhethe."

Kuthetha ukuthini "i-doping" nangona kunjalo? Ngokwenkcazo, isebenzisa ichiza okanye into eneenjongo "zokuphucula ukusebenza kwezemidlalo," ngokwe American College of Medical Toxicology. I-USADA isebenzisa iimetrikhi ezintathu ukuchaza ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, njengoko kuchaziwe yiKhowudi yeHlabathi yokuLwa nokuDopa. I-substance okanye unyango luthathwa njenge-doping ukuba ludibana ubuncinane ezimbini kwezi zilandelayo: "Iphucula ukusebenza," "ibonisa ingozi kwimpilo yomdlali," okanye "ichasene nomoya wezemidlalo." Kanye kunye ne-anabolic steroids, i-stimulants, i-hormone, kunye nokuthuthwa kwe-oksijini, i-marijuana yenye yezinto ezinqatshelwe yi-USADA, ngaphandle kokuba umgijimi unemvume "yokuKhululwa kokusetyenziswa konyango." Ukufumana enye, imbaleki kufuneka ibonise ukuba i-cannabis "ifuneka ukunyanga imeko yonyango exhaswe bubungqina obufanelekileyo bekliniki" kwaye "ayiyi kuvelisa naluphi na uphuculo olongezelelweyo lwentsebenzo ngaphaya koko bekulindelwe ngokubuyela kugqirha. Imeko yempilo yombaleki kulandela unyango lwempilo. "

Ngaba ngenene iCannabis Lichiza Lokuphucula ukusebenza?

Konke oku kubuza umbuzo: Ngaba i-USADA icinga ngokwenene loo nto intsangu Lichiza elenyusa ukusebenza? Ingayiyo. Kwiwebhusayithi yayo, i-USADA icaphula iphepha elisuka ku-2011-elithi ukusetyenziswa kwe-cannabis kuphazamisa amandla embaleki ukuba abe "yindima yendima" -ukuchaza imeko yombutho kwi-cannabis. Ngoko Njani I-cannabis inokuphucula ukusebenza, iphepha lalatha kwizifundo ezicebisa ukuba inokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini kwizihlunu, ukuba inokunciphisa ixhala (ngaloo ndlela ivumele iimbaleki ukuba ziqhube ngcono phantsi koxinzelelo), kwaye iyanceda ukuthomalalisa iintlungu (ngaloo ndlela inokunceda iimbaleki. ukubuyisela ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi), phakathi kwezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka - kodwa ukuba "uphando oluninzi olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukufumanisa iziphumo ze-cannabis ekusebenzeni kwezemidlalo." Oko bekutshiwo, uphononongo lwe-2018 lophando lwe-cannabis olupapashwe kwi Ijenali yezonyango yeZonyango lwezeMidlalo, ufumene "akukho bungqina buthe ngqo bokuba [i-cannabis] ineempembelelo zokuphucula ukusebenza kwiimbaleki."

Oko kwathiwa, umba we-USADA ngokhula unokuba nento yokwenza nezinye iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa idoping - ukuba "ibeka umngcipheko kwimpilo yembaleki" okanye "ichasene nomoya wezemidlalo" - kunamandla ayo njengomdlalo. -ukunyusa iziyobisi. Nokuba imeko injani, ibonisa imeko yenkcubeko ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwe-cannabis, ukholelwa ukuba uBenjamin Caplan, MD, ugqirha we-cannabis kunye neGosa eliyiNtloko lezeMpilo kwiKlinikhi yeCED. Olu phononongo [luka-2011] luxhaswe yi-NIDA (iZiko leSizwe lokuSetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi) elinjongo zalo ikukufumanisa ingozi kunye nosongelo, hayi ukufumana isibonelelo, utshilo uGqirha Caplan. "Eli phepha lisekwe kukhangelo loncwadi, kwaye uninzi lwenqwaba yolondolozo loncwadi esele lukhona luxhaswe ngemali, lwakhuthazwa, lwaze lwathunyelwa ziiarhente ukuba zijongise kwi-cannabis intlalontle / ezopolitiko kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zijolise kubuhlanga."

UPerry Solomon, MD, ugqirha we-cannabis, ugqirha oqinisekisiweyo we-anesthesiologist, kunye negosa eliyintloko lezonyango e-Go Erba, naye uthi ufumana iphepha lika-2011 i-USADA ichaza ukuba "ixhomekeke kakhulu."

"Ukuvalwa kwe-cannabis kwezemidlalo kubangelwa ukufakwa kwayo okungalunganga njengeziyobisi zeShedyuli 1, eneneni, akunjalo," utsho. IShedyuli 1 iziyobisi zihlelwa "njengangoku akukho ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwamkelwayo kunye namandla aphezulu okuphathwa gadalala," njengoko kuchaziwe yi-U.S. (Inxulumene: Iziyobisi, amayeza, okanye Into Phakathi? Nantsi Into Ofanele Uyazi Ngokwenene Ngokhula)

Ukuba ukhe wasebenzisa i-cannabis okanye wabona umntu osanda kufakwa, awuzukulinganisa ukutya okutyiwayo okanye ukutshaya i-pre-roll ukuya "kugqwesa lweOlimpiki." Hayi ukuba zombini ngekhe hamba kunye, kodwa yiza - babiza i-Indica (iindidi zentsangu) "In-da-couch" ngesizathu.

"Uninzi lwamazwe aseMelika avumela i-cannabis yolonwabo okanye i-cannabis yamayeza, uluntu lwezemidlalo kufuneka lubambe," utshilo uGqirha Solomon. "Abanye [bathi], enyanisweni, bayazi ngamayeza e-cannabis kwaye bayeke ukuvavanya ngokupheleleyo." Ukuzonwabisa kwe-cannabis kusemthethweni kumazwe e-18 kunye ne-DC, kwaye i-cannabis yamayeza isemthethweni kumazwe angama-36 kunye ne-DC, ngokwe Fumana. Ukuba unomdla, uRichardson utyhile kuye Namhlanje Bonisa Udliwanondlebe lokuba wayekwi-Oregon xa wayesebenzisa i-cannabis, kwaye kusemthethweni apho.

Ngaba iimbaleki zeOlimpiki zingasebenzisa ezinye izinto, nangona kunjalo?

Iimbaleki zivumelekile ukuba zisele utywala kwaye zithathe amayeza kagqirha - kodwa i-cannabis isawela phantsi kodidi "lwe-doping" lwezinto ezithintelweyo. "I-Cannabis inokunceda ukugxila kwingqondo kunye [nokunceda] ekugxininiseni," utshilo uGqirha Solomon, kodwa "amayeza nawo angenza into efanayo."

"I-arhente ye-Anti-Doping ayivavanyi amayeza," utshilo uGqirha Caplan. "Kwaye i-cannabis ngoku iyiyeza, isetyenziswa kwezonyango - kwaye ikhuselekile ngakumbi kunokuba ingekho."

Ukuthintela iimbaleki ekusebenziseni i-cannabis-nakweyiphi na indawo-ayifanelekanga, iphelelwe lixesha, kwaye iyaphikisana ngokwenzululwazi, ukholelwa uGqirha Solomon. "Uninzi lweeligi eziphambili zemidlalo eMelika ziyekile ukuvavanya iimbaleki zabo i-cannabis, beqonda ukuba ayiyenzi intsebenzo kwaye, endaweni yoko, inganceda ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo." (UGqr.Caplan walatha kwi-webinar yamva nje kunye no-U.Shellter u-Yasha Kahn, osebenzisa i-cannabis njengesixhobo sokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.)

Ungayichazanga le nto, u-Richardson uthe uyisebenzisela izizathu zempilo yezengqondo kulandela oko bekufanele ukuba ngamava abuhlungu-kwaye uphando lubonisa ukuba i-cannabis inokuba noludwe lwezibonelelo zempilo yengqondo, kubandakanya, okwethutyana, ukunciphisa ukuzazisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo, uxinzelelo noxinzelelo. Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba i-cannabis inokuba nefuthe elihle kwizigulana ezinoxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo.

Uphando lwexesha elizayo lufumanisa ukuba i-cannabis inazo izibonelelo ezixhasa ukusebenza kweembaleki… kunjalo ke ngeziselo zemidlalo kunye nekofu kunye necaffeine- kodwa akukho mntu ulapha uvavanya i-espresso. UGqr. Caplan uthi: “[Amagosa] akhetha ukuba zeziphi na izinto azibona ziphazamisa okanye zinempembelelo. "I-caffeine ngokuqinisekileyo yenye yazo, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ezikhuthazayo, eziphumlayo, ezinokukhokelela ebuthongweni obungcono, ukuphucula amandla emisipha - engekho kuluhlu lwazo lwee-arhente - kodwa zineempembelelo ezinokulinganiswa. Olu luhlu [lwezinto] lubonakala uxela ezopolitiko, ungaqhutywa ngokwenzululwazi. "

UGqirha Caplan ukholelwa ukuba uRichardson, kunye nezinye iimbaleki ezinemibala, zichaphazele le ajenda. ’Kubonakala ngathi i-USADA ikhetha i-cherry [ngovavanyo], nto leyo eyenza ukuba oku kumiswa kube yintlanzi encinci, utshilo.

Ungaguquka njani uMgaqo-nkqubo weembaleki

Pha ngu Ndiyathemba utshintsho - nangona ingazukufika ngexesha lokusindisa iphupha likaRichardson eTokyo, okanye elabo nabaphi na abanye abadlali abathathe inxaxheba kule Midlalo, ngalo nto. Kwingxelo yabo yakutshanje, iUSATF "iyavuma ngokupheleleyo [d] ukuba imithetho ye-Arhente yokuNqanda ukuSetyenziswa kweziyobisi ayinakuphinda ihlolwe," kodwa yagcina ukuba "kungayonakalisa ingqibelelo yeeMvavanyo zeQela le-Olimpiki laseMelika. yeTrack & Field ukuba i-USATF ilungise imigaqo-nkqubo yayo kulandela ukhuphiswano, kwiiveki nje phambi kweMidlalo yeOlimpiki. "

Kungenzeka ukuba kuphela uvavanyo lwe-steroids kunye namahomoni, kunokuqhubeka nokuvavanya iimbaleki nge-cannabis. Ukuvavanyelwa i-steroids ekonyusa intsebenzo kufuneka ihlale, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwezi kufuneka kungavunyelwa, utshilo uGqirha Solomon. "Kukho amashumi eminyaka yezifundo ezibonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ezi zinto zakha njani izihlunu kunye namandla, akukho nanye eboniswe kwi-cannabis."

UGqr.Caplan uyavuma kwaye uxela ukuba uRichardson utyhile ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwakhe kwe-cannabis yayingekokuphucula ukusebenza, kodwa impilo yakhe yengqondo- kwaye iimbaleki kuyo yonke indawo ziyahlupheka. "Sonke sifuna iimbaleki ezisempilweni ukuba i-cannabis idala iimbaleki ezikhululekileyo, ezikhululekileyo, ezingonwabanga… sonke kufuneka siyayifuna loo nto," utshilo. “Imigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka ihlengahlengiswe.Umfazi okwazi ukusebenza kukaSha'Carri akufuneki acinezelwe ngokusebenzisa kwakhe i-cannabis. "

Uphengululo lwe