Ngaba amaqanda kufuneka afrijiwe?

Umxholo

• Konke malunga neSalmonella
• Ifriji iyimfuneko eUnited States
• Ukubandisa kungafuneki eYurophu
• Olunye uncedo kunye neengozi zefriji
• Ipro: Ifriji inokuphinda kabini ukushefa kweqanda
• Ikhonkco: Amaqanda anokufumana iincasa kwifriji
• Ikhonkco: Amaqanda akufuneki agcinwe kumnyango wefriji
• Con: Amaqanda abandayo asenokungangcono ekubhakeni
• Umgca wezantsi

Ngelixa uninzi lwabantu baseMelika ligcina amaqanda kwifriji, uninzi lwabantu baseYurophu alugcini.

Kungenxa yokuba abasemagunyeni kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu bathi amaqanda afriji akufuneki. Kodwa eUnited States, kuthathwa njengokungakhuselekanga ukugcina amaqanda kubushushu begumbi.

Kananjalo, unokuzibuza malunga nendlela efanelekileyo yokugcina amaqanda.

Eli nqaku likuxelela ukuba amaqanda kufuneka afrijiwe.

Konke malunga neSalmonella

Salmonella luhlobo lweebhaktheriya ezihlala emathunjini ezilwanyana ezininzi ezinegazi elifudumeleyo. Kukhuselekile ngokugqibeleleyo xa kuqulethwe ngaphakathi kwethumbu lesilwanyana kodwa kunokubangela ukugula kakhulu ukuba kungena ekuboneleleni ngokutya.

Salmonella Usulelo lunokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo njengokugabha kunye norhudo kwaye ziyingozi kakhulu- kwaye ziyabulala- kubantu abadala, abantwana, kunye nabo banamajoni omzimba athomalalisayo ().

Imithombo eqhelekileyo ye Salmonella Ukuqhambuka ziihluma zealfalfa, ibhotolo yamandongomane, inkukhu, namaqanda. Ngo-1970 no-1980, amaqanda aye amiselwa ukuba abe noxanduva lwama-77% Salmonella uqhambuko eUnited States (,).

Oku kukhuthaze iinzame zokuphucula ukhuseleko lweqanda. Amanqanaba osulelo asezantsi, nangona kunjalo Salmonella uqhambuko lusenzeka ().

Iqanda linokungcoliseka Salmonella nokuba kungaphandle, ukuba iintsholongwane zingena kwiqokobhe leqanda, okanye ngaphakathi, ukuba inkukhu ngokwayo ithwele Salmonella kwaye ibhaktheriya yadluliselwa kwiqanda ngaphambi kokuba iqokobhe lenze ().

Ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokupheka kubalulekile kuthintelo Salmonella uqhamko lwamaqanda angcolisekileyo.

Umzekelo, ukugcina amaqanda angaphantsi kwe-40 ° F (4 ° C) kumisa ukukhula kwe Salmonella, kunye nokupheka amaqanda okungenani ayi-160 ° F (71 ° C) kubulala nayiphi na intsholongwane ekhoyo.

Njengoko Salmonella Unyango luyahluka ngokwamazwe- njengoko kucacisiwe ngezantsi - amaqanda afriji anokufuneka kweminye imimandla kodwa hayi eminye.

Salmonella yibacteria ebangela izifo ezibangelwa kukutya. Amazwe aphatha njani amaqanda Salmonella igqiba ukuba ingaba kufuneka ifriji na.

Ifriji iyimfuneko eUnited States

EUnited States, Salmonella iphathwa kakhulu ngaphandle.

Phambi kokuba kuthengiswe amaqanda, bafumana inkqubo yokubulala iintsholongwane. Bavaswa emanzini ashushu, anesepha kwaye bafefe ngesibulali zintsholongwane, esibulala nayiphi na intsholongwane kwigqabi (,).

Iqaqobana lezinye izizwe, kubandakanya i-Australia, iJapan, kunye namazwe aseScandinavia, aphatha amaqanda ngendlela efanayo.

Le ndlela isebenza kakhulu ekubulaleni iibhaktheriya ezifumaneka kwiigobolondo zamaqanda. Nangona kunjalo, ayenzi nto ukubulala iintsholongwane ezinokubakho ngaphakathi kweqanda- nto leyo edla ngokubangela ukuba abantu bagule (,,).

Inkqubo yokuhlamba inokususa i-cuticle yeqanda, elilelinye elincinci kwigobolondo leqanda elinceda ukuyikhusela.

Ukuba i-cuticle iyasuswa, nayiphi na intsholongwane ethi idibane neqanda emva kokuvalwa kwenzalo ngokulula iya kuba nakho ukungena kwigobolondo kwaye ingcolise imixholo yeqanda (,).

Ngelixa ifriji ingazibulali iintsholongwane, inciphisa umngcipheko wokugula ngokunciphisa inani leebacteria. Ikwathintela iintsholongwane ekungeneni kwigobolondo leqanda (,).

Nangona kunjalo, kukho esinye isizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba amaqanda kufuneka afakwe efrijini eMelika.

Ukugcina ibhaktiriya incinci, uLawulo lokutya kunye neDrug (FDA) lufuna ukuba amaqanda athengiswe ngentengiso agcinwe kwaye athuthwe ngaphantsi kwe-45 ° F (7 ° C).

Nje ukuba amaqanda afakwe efrijini, kufuneka agcinwe efrijini ukukhusela ukufuma kungenzeki kwigobolondo ukuba bayafudumala. Oku kufuma kwenza kube lula ukuba iintsholongwane zingene kwigobolondo.

Ke, nawaphi na amaqanda aveliswayo athengiswayo eUnited States kufuneka agcinwe kwifriji yakho.

E-United States nakwamanye amazwe ambalwa, amaqanda ahlanjwa, ahlanjululwa, kwaye afakwa efrijini ukuze kuncitshiswe iintsholongwane. Amaqanda kwezi ntlanga kufuneka ahlale efrijini ukunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko.

Ukubandisa kungafuneki eYurophu

Amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu awawafriji amaqanda abo, nangona ekhe afumana okufanayo Salmonella ubhubhane ngexesha le-1980s.

Ngelixa i-United States iphumeze imigaqo yokuhlamba amaqanda kunye nokukhenkcisa, amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu aphucule ucoceko kunye neenkukhu zokugonya Salmonella Ukuthintela usulelo kwindawo yokuqala (,).

Umzekelo, emva kwenkqubo e-United Kingdom wagonya zonke iinkukhu ezizalela amaqanda kulona luhlobo luqhelekileyo lwentsholongwane, Salmonella amatyala elizweni ehle aya kwelona nqanaba lisezantsi kumashumi eminyaka ().

Ngokuchasene ne-United States, ukuhlamba kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kumaqanda akukho semthethweni kwi-European Union. Nangona kunjalo, iSweden neNetherlands zizinto ezizodwa (14).

Ngelixa oku kubonakala ngathi akuhlambulukanga kubantu baseMelika, i-cuticle yeqanda kunye neqokobhe lishiyiwe lingasebenzi, lisebenza njengomaleko wokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane ().

Ukongeza kwi-cuticle, amaqanda amhlophe nawo anokuzikhusela kwendalo ngokuchasene neebhaktiriya, ezinokunceda ukukhusela iqanda kangangeeveki ezintathu (,).

Ke ngoko, kuthathwa njengokungeyomfuneko ukufriji amaqanda kuninzi lweYurophu.

Ngapha koko, i-European Union icebisa ukuba amaqanda agcinwe epholile-kodwa angafakwa efrijini-kwiivenkile ezinkulu ukuwathintela ekufudumaleni nasekwenzeni ama-condensation xa ugoduka.

Ngenxa yokuba amaqanda avela kwi-European Union aphathwa ngokwahlukileyo kunalawo ase-U.S, kulungile ukugcina amaqanda ngaphandle kwefriji kwiindawo ezininzi zaseYurophu okoko uceba ukuwasebenzisa kungekudala.

Kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, Salmonella igcinwa iphantsi kolawulo ngamanyathelo othintelo njengokugonya. Iifama zihlala zingavunyelwa ukuba zihlambe amaqanda, ke ii-cuticles zihlala zinjalo, zithintela ifriji.

Olunye uncedo kunye neengozi zefriji

Nangona ungadingi ukufriji amaqanda akho, unokufuna ukwenza njalo kuxhomekeka kwindawo okuyo.

Ngelixa ifriji inezibonelelo ezithile, ikwanazo neengxaki. Apha ngezantsi zizinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zefriji yeqanda.

Ipro: Ifriji inokuphinda kabini ukushefa kweqanda

Ukugcina amaqanda akho efrijini yeyona ndlela yokugcina iintsholongwane ziphantsi kolawulo.

Njengebhonasi eyongeziweyo, ikwagcina amaqanda ematsha ixesha elide kunokuwagcina kubushushu begumbi.

Ngelixa iqanda elitsha eligcinwe kubushushu begumbi liza kuqala ukwehla kumgangatho emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa kwaye kufuneka lisetyenziswe ngaphakathi kweeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-3, amaqanda agcinwa kwifriji aya kugcina umgangatho kunye nokutsha ubuncinci ubuncinci ixesha elide (,,).

Ikhonkco: Amaqanda anokufumana iincasa kwifriji

Amaqanda angalifunxa ivumba kunye neencasa ezivela kwezinye izinto ezikufriji yakho, ezinje ngee-anyanisi ezisandula ukusikwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina amaqanda kwiibhokisi kunye nokutywina ukutya kunye namavumba abukhali kwizikhongozeli ezingangeni moya kungathintela oku.

Ikhonkco: Amaqanda akufuneki agcinwe kumnyango wefriji

Abantu abaninzi bagcina amaqanda abo kumnyango wabo wefriji.

Nangona kunjalo, oku kungababeka ekutshintsheni kweqondo lobushushu ngalo lonke ixesha uvula ifriji yakho, enokukhuthaza ukukhula kweentsholongwane kunye nokuphazamisa inwebu yokukhusela yamaqanda ().

Ke ngoko, ukugcina amaqanda kwishelufa kufutshane nomqolo wefriji yakho yeyona nto ilungileyo.

Con: Amaqanda abandayo asenokungangcono ekubhakeni

Okokugqibela, abanye abapheki bathi amaqanda egumbi lobushushu alungele ukubhaka. Kananjalo, abanye bacebisa ngokuvumela amaqanda afrijiweyo ukuba eze kubushushu begumbi ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.

Ukuba oku kubalulekile kuwe, kuthathwa njengokukhuselekileyo ukushiya amaqanda kubushushu begumbi ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezimbini. Okwangoku, kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukubapheka kubushushu obukhuselekileyo ().

Ifriji igcina amaqanda ematsha ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini kunamaqanda agcinwe kubushushu begumbi. Ukanti, kufuneka zigcinwe kakuhle ukuthintela incasa kunye neqondo lobushushu.

Umgca wezantsi

Nokuba ifriji yefriji iyimfuneko ixhomekeke kwindawo okuyo, ukusukela oko Salmonella Unyango luyahluka ngokwamazwe.

E-United States, amaqanda amatsha, avelisiweyo orhwebo kufuneka afakwe efrijini ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokutya. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe amaninzi eYurophu nakwihlabathi liphela, kulungile ukugcina amaqanda kubushushu begumbi iiveki ezimbalwa.

Ukuba awuyazi eyona ndlela yokugcina amaqanda akho, jonga kwigunya lokhuseleko lokutya kwindawo ohlala kuyo ukuze ubone ukuba yintoni ekucetyiswayo.

Ukuba awukaqiniseki, ifriji yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo onokuhamba ngayo.