Ungcoliseko lweMercury: Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu

Umxholo

• Ungangcoliseka njani
• Intlanzi equlathe imekyuri
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela ukuba wosulelekile
• Unyango lokungcoliseka kwe-mercury

Ungcoliseko lwe-mercury lubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi xa le ntsimbi inzima ifunyanwa kwindawo enkulu emzimbeni. Imercury inokuqokelelana emzimbeni kwaye ichaphazele amalungu amaninzi, ikakhulu izintso, isibindi, inkqubo yokwetyisa kunye nenkqubo yovalo, ephazamisa ukusebenza komzimba kunye nokufuna ukubekwa kweliso kubomi bonke.

Ityhefu ebangelwe yi-mercury ithe cwaka kwaye ingathatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukuzibonakalisa ngeempawu ezinje:

• Ubuthathaka, ukudinwa rhoqo;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima obulandelayo;
• Isilonda esiswini okanye kwi-duodenum;
• Ukutshintshwa kokusebenza kwezintso;
• Amazinyo abuthathaka kunye nophuka, notyekelo lokuwa;
• Ukucaphuka kunye nokudumba kolusu xa kukho ukudibana ngqo nemekyuri.

Xa izixa ezikhulu ze-mercury ziqokelelana kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, i-neurotoxicity ibonakaliswa, enokuthi ibonwe ngezinye zeempawu kunye neempawu, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwaye rhoqo kwimood;
• Uvalo, ixhala kunye nokucaphuka;
• Ukuphazamiseka xa ulele, njengokuphuthelwa nokulala usoloko uphupha kakubi;
• Iingxaki zememori;
• Intloko kunye ne-migraine;
• Isiyezi kunye nelebyrinthitis;
• Ukulahlekiswa kunye nemibono.

Lonke olu tshintsho lunokwenzeka xa kukho ukubonakaliswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-mercury, ngaphezulu kwama-micrograms angama-20 nge-cubic meter, enokuthi ifezekiswe ngokuhamba kwexesha ngexesha lomsebenzi okanye ngokutya.

I-Methylmercury luhlobo lwe-mercury olunokuthi ngokulula lukhokelele ekunxilweni ebantwini, kuba luhlanganiswe ziibhaktheriya ezikhoyo kwimimandla yasemanzini, eqokelelwa kwizilwanyana ezikhoyo emanzini, ngakumbi iintlanzi. Ke, ukungcoliseka kwenzeka ngokungenisa iintlanzi ezingcoliswe yi-mercury. Ukungcola nge-methylmercury kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuba le ntsimbi inokuchaphazela ukukhula kwengqondo yomntwana kunye nolunye utshintsho olusisigxina, nokuba ungcoliseko luyanyangwa.

Ungangcoliseka njani

Ungcoliseko lwe-mercury okanye i-methylmercury lunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Umsebenzi wobungcali, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokungcoliseka kwabantu abasebenza kumashishini ezemigodi, kwimigodi yegolide okanye kwimizi-mveliso ye-chlor-sora, ekwenziweni kwezibane ze-fluorescent, i-thermometers, idayi kunye neebhetri, kuba kulula ukuvezwa kwi-mercury. Ungcoliseko lwe-mercury ngenxa yomsebenzi wobungcali luqhele ukwenzeka ngokusezela, ngokuqokelelana kwesinyithi emiphungeni kwaye kukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuphefumla;
2. Ngokunyanga amazinyo, nangona ingaqhelekanga kakhulu kwaye kunqabile ukuba ikhokelele kwiingxaki ezinzulu zempilo, kukho umngcipheko wokungcoliseka kwe-mercury. Olu hlobo lokungcola luchaphazela ngokuthe gca igazi, lubangele ukonakala kwinkqubo yokwetyisa kunye nomonakalo osisigxina we-neurological;
3. Ngokusingqongileyo, ngokusetyenziswa kwamanzi angcolileyo okanye intlanzi. Olu hlobo lokungcola luxhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezingasemlanjeni, njengoko zisenzeka eAmazon, kwiindawo zemigodi yegolide nakwiindawo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngemekyuri, kodwa inokuchaphazela nabani na ochitha amanzi okanye ukutya okungcoliswe yile ntsimbi, kwimeko yeengozi zezendalo.

Intlanzi equlathe imekyuri

Ezinye iintlanzi zamanzi angenasawoti kunye netyuwa yimithombo yendalo yemekyuri, kodwa ezi zinamanani amancinci awanabungozi empilweni. Iintlanzi ezinobungozi obuncinci bokungcola kwesi sinyithi zi:

• Tambaqui, jatuarana, pirapitinga kunye ne-pacu, ezondla imbewu kunye neziqhamo, ezinokuthi ziqulathe imekyuri;
• Bodo, jaraqui, curimata kunye ne-branquinha, kuba zondla udaka olukhoyo emazantsi emilambo kunye nezinto ezincinci ezijongene nokudibana kwemethylmercury;
• Arowana, pirarara, yam, mandi, matrinchã kunye necuiu-cuiu, ezondla izinambuzane kunye neplankton.
• Dourada, cub, piranha, peacock bass, surubim, hake kunye nepeyinti, kuba zondla kwezinye iintlanzi ezincinci, ziqokelela isixa esikhulu semekyuri.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yeengozi zokusingqongileyo, xa kukho ungcoliseko lwe-mercury kwingingqi ethile, zonke iintlanzi ezivela kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo akufuneki zityiwe kuba zinokuba needosi eziphezulu zenyama yazo ezinokubangela ityhefu ebantwini.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela ukuba wosulelekile

Kwimeko yokungcola okukrokrelwayo, kufuneka kuqeshwe ugqirha kwaye waziswe ngesikrokro sakho, kwaye ugqirha kufuneka ayalele iimvavanyo zokujonga inani le-mercury egazini.

Ungcoliseko lunokuqinisekiswa ngovavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa isixa seMercury egazini okanye ngokulinganisa isixa seenwele. Ngokwe-World Health Organisation (WHO) ubuninzi be-mercury kwiinwele kufuneka bube ngaphantsi kwe-7 µg / g. Olunye uvavanyo lunokufuneka ukulinganisa iziphumo zempilo ze-mercury, ezinjenge-MRI, i-electroencephalogram, iimvavanyo zehomoni kunye novavanyo oluthile kwilungu ngalinye, kuxhomekeke kwizicubu ezichaphazelekayo.

Unyango lokungcoliseka kwe-mercury

Unyango lunokwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezikhohlisayo eziququzelela ukupheliswa kwe-mercury, ekufuneka iboniswe ngugqirha. Ukongeza, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuthatha amayeza ukulwa uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo, ukuba avela ngenxa yongcoliseko, kunye nokongezwa kweevithamini C, E kunye ne-selenium. Ukuhambelana nesayikholojisti okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo kunokuba luncedo olubalulekileyo ekuncediseni unyango, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu. Jonga ukuba ungakuphepha njani ukungcoliseka kwe-mercury.

Funda ngakumbi malunga nonyango lwe-mercury poisoning.