Iimpawu eziphambili zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko

Umxholo

• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela
• Ngubani osengozini yomhlaza
• Inqanaba lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• 1. Ukucola
• 2. Isibeleko
• 3. I-trachelectomy
• 4. Ingqumbo yomzimba
• 5. I-Radiotherapy kunye neChemotherapy

Kuhlala kungekho zimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, uninzi lweziganeko ezichongiweyo ngexesha lePap smear okanye kuphela kumanqanaba aphezulu omhlaza. Yiyo ke loo nto, ukongeza ekwazini ukuba zithini iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubonisana rhoqo nogqirha wezifo zabasetyhini ukuba enze ipap smear kwaye aqale unyango kwangoko, ukuba kubonisiwe.

Nangona kunjalo, xa ibangela iimpawu, umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko unokubangela iimpawu ezinje:

1. Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi ngaphandle kwesizathu ebonakalayo kwaye ngaphandle sexesheni;
2. Ukukhutshelwa kwilungu lobufazi, ngevumba elibi okanye umbala omdaka, umzekelo;
3. Intlungu engapheliyo yesisu okanye ye-pelvic, ezinokuba mandundu xa usebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela okanye xa unxibelelana;
4. Ukuziva uxinzeleloamazantsi esisu;
5. Umnqweno oqhelekileyo wokuchama, nasebusuku;
6. Ukukhawuleza ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokutya.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho umfazi enesifo somhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonakala, njengokudinwa kakhulu, iintlungu nokudumba emilenzeni, kunye nokulahleka okungachazekiyo komchamo okanye ilindle.

Ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa nazezinye iingxaki, ezinje nge-candidiasis okanye usulelo lobufazi, kwaye zisenokungahambelani nomhlaza, kungoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wezifo zabasetyhini ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo. Jonga iimpawu ezi-7 ezinokubonisa ezinye iingxaki esibelekweni.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ukrokrela

Xa ngaphezulu kwesinye sezi mpawu kuvela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kugqirha wezifo zovavanyo kuvavanyo olunjengepap smears okanyeicolposcopy kunye ne-biopsy izicwili zesibeleko kwaye uvavanye ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba zenziwa njani na ezi mviwo.

I-Pap smear mayenziwe qho ngonyaka iminyaka emi-3 ilandelelana. Ukuba akukho lutshintsho, uviwo kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela kwiminyaka emi-3.

Ngubani osengozini yomhlaza

Umhlaza wesibeleko uxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abane:

• Izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, njenge chlamydia okanye ukuvuza ngaphantsi;
• Usulelo lwe-HPV;
• Amaqabane amaninzi ezesondo.

Ukongeza, abasetyhini abasebenzisa izinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo iminyaka emininzi banomngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza, kwaye ixesha elide lokusetyenziswa, umngcipheko womhlaza mkhulu.

Inqanaba lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko

Emva kokwenza uxilongo, ugqirha uhlala ehlela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngokwenqanaba lophuhliso:

• Tx:Ithumba lokuqala alichongwanga;
• T0: Akukho bungqina be-tumor yokuqala;
• I-Tis okanye u-0: ICarcinoma in situ.

Inqanaba 1:

• T1 okanye mna: Umhlaza wesibeleko kuphela kwisibeleko;
• T1 a okanye IA: I-carcinoma ehlaselayo, efunyaniswa kuphela nge-microscopy;
• T1 a1 okanye IA1: Uhlaselo lweStromal ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3 mm ubunzulu okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 mm ngokuthe tye;
• T1 a2 okanye IA2: Uhlaselo olunamandla phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-5 mm ubunzulu okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 mm ngokuthe tye;
• T1b okanye IB: Isilonda esibonakalayo eklinikhi, kuphela kumlomo wesibeleko, okanye isilonda esincinci kakhulu kune-T1a2 okanye i-IA2;
• T1b1 okanye IB1: Isilonda esibonakalayo esikliniki kunye ne-4 cm okanye ngaphantsi kubukhulu bayo obukhulu;
• I-T1b2 IB2: Isilonda esibonakalayo esibonakalayo sikhulu kune-4 cm.

Inqanaba 2:

• T2 okanye II: Ithumba lifunyenwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesibeleko, kodwa alifikeleli kudonga lwe-pelvic okanye kwisithathu esisezantsi selungu lobufazi;
• T2a okanye IIA:Ngaphandle kokuhlasela kweparametrium;
• T2b okanye IIB: Ngokuhlasela kweparametrium.

Inqanaba 3:

• T3 okanye III:Ithumba eliqhubeka ludonga lwe-pelvic, linciphisa indawo engezantsi yelungu lobufazi, okanye libangele utshintsho kwizintso;
• I-T3a okanye i-IIIA:Ithumba elichaphazela ezantsi kwisithathu kwilungu lobufazi, ngaphandle kolwandiso kudonga lwe-pelvic;
• T3b okanye IIIB: Ithumba eliqhubeka ludonga lwe-pelvic, okanye libangele utshintsho kwizintso

Inqanaba 4:

• T4 okanye iVAT: Ithumba elihlasela isinyi okanye i-rectal mucosa, okanye eliya ngaphaya kwepelvis.

Ukongeza ekwazini uhlobo lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko analo umntu obhinqileyo, kukwabalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba ngaba zikhona na ii-lymph node kunye ne-metastases ezichaphazelekayo okanye hayi, kuba iyanceda ukumisela uhlobo lonyango ekufuneka eyenzile umfazi.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwesifo somhlaza womlomo wesibeleko luxhomekeke kwinqanaba elinalo eli thumba, nokuba ngaba ikhona imastastases yesi sifo, ubudala kunye nempilo ngokubanzi yowasetyhini.

Olona nyango luphambili lubandakanya:

1. Ukucola

Ukucwangciswa kubandakanya ukususwa kwenxalenye encinci yomlomo wesibeleko. Nangona iyindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-biopsy kwaye iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa komhlaza, ukungqinisisa kungathathelwa ingqalelo njengendlela yonyango olusemgangathweni kwimeko ye-HSIL, esisilonda esiphezulu se-intraepithelial lesion, esingathathelwa ingqalelo njengomhlaza, kodwa inokutshintsha ibe ngumhlaza. Jonga indlela isibeleko esidityaniswa ngayo.

2. Isibeleko

I-Hysterectomy lolona hlobo luphambili lotyando oluboniswe kunyango lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, olunokusetyenziswa kumanqanaba okuqala okanye angaphezulu kwaye aqhele ukwenziwa kwenye yezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Iyonke i-hysterectomy: isusa kuphela isibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko kwaye inokwenziwa ngokusika isisu, nge-laparoscopy okanye ngomjelo welungu lobufazi. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kwinqanaba IA1 okanye inqanaba 0.
• I-hysterectomy egqibeleleyo: Ukongeza kwisibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko, icandelo eliphezulu lobufazi kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo, ezinokuchaphazeleka ngumhlaza, nazo ziyasuswa. Ngokubanzi, olu tyando luyacetyiswa kumatyala omhlaza kumanqanaba e-IA2 kunye ne-IB, enziwa kuphela ngokusika isisu.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba kuzo zombini ezi ntlobo ze-hysterectomy ii-ovari kunye neetyhubhu zisuswa kuphela ukuba zichaphazelekile ngumhlaza okanye ukuba zinezinye iingxaki. Jonga iintlobo ze-hysterectomy kunye nokhathalelo emva kotyando.

3. I-trachelectomy

I-Trachelectomy lolunye uhlobo lotyando olususa kuphela umlomo wesibeleko kunye nenxalenye yesithathu ephezulu yelungu lobufazi, ishiya umzimba wesibeleko uqinile, ovumela umfazi ukuba akwazi ukukhulelwa emva konyango.

Ngokwesiqhelo, olu tyando lusetyenziswa kwimeko yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko obhaqwe kwangoko kwaye, ke ngoko, awukachaphazeli ezinye izinto.

4. Ingqumbo yomzimba

Ukuqina kwe-Pelvic luvavanyo olubanzi ngakumbi olunokuthi luboniswe kwimeko apho umhlaza ubuya kwaye uchaphazela eminye imimandla. Kolu tyando, isibeleko, umlomo wesibeleko, i-ganglia ye-pelvis iyasuswa, kwaye kusenokufuneka kususwe amanye amalungu anje ngee-ovari, iityhubhu, ubufazi, isinyi kunye nenxalenye yokuphela kwamathumbu.

5. I-Radiotherapy kunye neChemotherapy

Unyango nge-radiotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy inokusetyenziswa ngaphambili nasemva konyango, ukunceda umhlaza, ngakumbi xa ukwinqanaba eliphambili okanye xa kukho imastastases yethumba.