Umhlaza kwilungu lobufazi: 8 iimpawu eziphambili, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka
• Yintoni ebangela umhlaza kwilungu lobufazi
• Ngubani osengozini enkulu
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• 1. Unyango ngemitha
• 2. Unyango ngamayeza
• 3. Utyando
• 4. Unyango lwezihloko

Umhlaza kwilungu lobufazi unqabile kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, ubonakala usiya esiba mandundu kumhlaza kwamanye amalungu omzimba, anje ngomlomo wesibeleko okanye umphandle, umzekelo.

Iimpawu zomhlaza kwilungu lobufazi njengokuphuma kwegazi emva konxibelelwano olusondeleyo kunye nokukhupha kwilungu lobufazi kuvele phakathi kweminyaka engama-50 nengama-70 ubudala kwabasetyhini abosuleleke yintsholongwane ye-HPV, kodwa kunokubonakala nakwabasetyhini abancinci, ngakumbi ukuba basemngciphekweni. ube nobudlelwane namaqabane aliqela kwaye ungasebenzisi ikhondom.

Amaxesha amaninzi izicwili ezinomhlaza zibekweyona ndawo ingaphakathi yelungu lobufazi, kungekho lutshintsho lubonakalayo kwingingqi engaphandle kwaye, ke, ukuxilongwa kunokwenziwa kuphela ngokusekwe kuvavanyo lwe-imaging oluyalelwe ngugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini okanye oncologist.

Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka

Xa ukwinqanaba lokuqala, umhlaza welungu lobufazi awubangeli naziphi na iimpawu, nangona kunjalo, njengoko ikhula, iimpawu ezinje ngezi zingezantsi ziya kuvela. Jonga iimpawu onokuba uhlangabezana nazo:

1. 1. Ukukhutshwa okunukayo okanye okungamanzi kakhulu
2. 2. Ubomvu kunye nokudumba kwindawo yesini
3. 3. Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi ngaphandle kwexesha lokuya exesheni
4. 4. Ubuhlungu ngexesha lokudibana
5. 5. Ukopha emva konxibelelwano olusenyongweni
6. 6. Umnqweno rhoqo wokuchama
7. 7. Iintlungu esiswini okanye zangasese
8. 8. Ubuhlungu okanye ukutshisa xa uchama

Iimpawu zomhlaza kwilungu lobufazi zikho nakwezinye izifo ezininzi ezichaphazela lo mmandla kwaye, ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uye kuthethwano lwesibeleko rhoqo kwaye wenze uvavanyo lokuthintela, olubizwa ngokuba yi-pap smear, ukuchonga utshintsho kwinqanaba lokuqala, Ukuqinisekisa amathuba angcono okunyanga.

Bona ngakumbi malunga nePap smear kunye nendlela yokuqonda iziphumo zovavanyo.

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo, ugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini ukrwela umphezulu wethishu ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi kwi-biopsy. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele isilonda esikrokrisayo okanye indawo eneliso ngamehlo ngexesha lothethwano lwezifo zabasetyhini.

Yintoni ebangela umhlaza kwilungu lobufazi

Akukho sizathu sithile sokuqala komhlaza kwilungu lobufazi, nangona kunjalo, la matyala ahlala enxulumene nosulelo yintsholongwane ye-HPV. Kungenxa yokuba ezinye iintlobo zentsholongwane ziyakwazi ukuvelisa iiproteni eziguqula indlela elisebenza ngayo ithumba. Ke, iiseli zomhlaza kulula ukubonakala kwaye ziphindaphindwe, zibangele umhlaza.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu

Umngcipheko wokukhula kolunye uhlobo lomhlaza kummandla wesini uphezulu kubafazi abanesifo se-HPV, nangona kunjalo, zikho ezinye izinto ezinokubakho nakwimvelaphi yomhlaza welungu lobufazi, kubandakanya:

• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala;
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-neoplasia ye-intraepithelial vaginal neoplasia;
• Ukuba ngumsi;
• Usulelo lwe-HIV

Kuba olu hlobo lomhlaza luxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abanesifo se-HPV, iindlela zokuthintela ezinjengokuphepha ukuba namaqabane amaninzi ezesondo, ukusebenzisa iikhondom kunye nokugonya intsholongwane, enokwenziwa simahla kwi-SUS kumantombazana aphakathi kweminyaka eli-9 neli-14 ubudala. . Fumana okunye malunga neliyeza lokugonya kunye nokuba ungalufumana nini ugonyo.

Ukongeza, abasetyhini abazalwa emva kokuba umama wabo ephathwe nge-DES, okanye i-diethylstilbestrol, ngexesha lokukhulelwa banokuba semngciphekweni wokukhula komhlaza kwilungu lobufazi.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lomhlaza kwilungu lobufazi lunokwenziwa ngotyando, i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy okanye unyango olusisigxina, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobungakanani bomhlaza, inqanaba lesifo kunye nemeko yempilo yesigulana:

1. Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha ukutshabalalisa, okanye ukunciphisa isantya somhlaza, kwaye lunokwenziwa ngokudibeneyo needosi ezisezantsi zekhemotherapy.

I-Radiotherapy inokusetyenziswa yimitha yangaphandle, kusetyenziswa umatshini okhupha imitha ye-radiation kwilungu lobufazi, kwaye kufuneka yenziwe amaxesha ama-5 ngeveki, iiveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa i-radiotherapy inokwenziwa kwakhona nge-brachytherapy, apho izinto ezinemitha ye-radio ibekwe kufutshane nomhlaza kwaye zinokuqhutywa ekhaya, kathathu ukuya kwesine ngeveki, i-1 okanye iiveki ezi-2 ngokwahlukeneyo.

Ezinye zeempembelelo zolu nyango zibandakanya:

• Ukudinwa;
• Urhudo;
• Isicaphucaphu;
• Ukuphalaza;
• Ukudodobala kwamathambo esinqe;
• Ukoma lobufazi;
• Ukuncipha kwilungu lobufazi.

Ngokubanzi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyanyamalala kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa emva kokugqiba unyango. Ukuba i-radiotherapy ilawulwa ngokudibeneyo ne-chemotherapy, iimpendulo ezingalunganga kunyango zinamandla ngakumbi.

2. Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa iziyobisi ngomlomo okanye ngokuthe ngqo emthanjeni, onokuthi ube yi-cisplatin, i-fluorouracil okanye i-docetaxel, enceda ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ezikwelungu lobufazi okanye ezisasazeke emzimbeni wonke. Inokwenziwa ngaphambi kotyando ukunciphisa ubungakanani besisu kwaye lolona nyango lusetyenziswayo ukunyanga umhlaza wesini ophucukileyo.

I-Chemotherapy ayihlaseli nje iiseli zomhlaza, kodwa kunye neeseli eziqhelekileyo emzimbeni, ke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje:

• Ukulahleka kweenwele;
• Izilonda zomlomo;
• Ukungabikho komdla;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Urhudo;
• Usulelo;
• Utshintsho kumjikelo wokuya exesheni;
• Ukungachumi.

Ubukhali beziphumo ebezingalindelekanga buxhomekeke kunyango olusetyenzisiweyo kunye nedosi, kwaye zihlala zisonjululwa kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa emva konyango.

3. Utyando

Olu tyando lujolise ekususeni ithumba elivela kwilungu lobufazi ukuze linganyuki ngobukhulu kwaye lingasasazeli kuwo wonke umzimba. Zininzi iinkqubo zotyando ezinokwenziwa ezinje:

• Ukucandwa kwendawo: kubandakanya ukususwa kwethumba kunye nenxalenye yethishu esempilweni yelungu lobufazi;
• I-Vaginectomy: iqulethe ukususwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungakhethi kwelungu lobufazi kwaye kubonisiwe kwizidumba ezinkulu.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yimfuneko ukususa isibeleko ukuthintela umhlaza ekuphuhliseni kweli lungu. Iimpawu ze-lymph kummandla we-pelvic kufuneka zisuswe ukukhusela iiseli zomhlaza ekusasazeni.

Ixesha lokubuyisela emva kotyando liyahluka ukusuka kumfazi ukuya emfazini, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uphumle kwaye uphephe ukunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lokuphilisa. Kwiimeko apho kukho ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwilungu lobufazi, inokuphinda yakhiwe ngokutsha ngesikhumba kwelinye ilungu lomzimba, eliya kuthi livumele umfazi ukuba abelane ngesondo.

4. Unyango lwezihloko

Unyango lwezihloko luquka ukufaka iikhrim okanye iigels ngqo kwithumba elikwilungu lobufazi, ukuthintela ukukhula komhlaza kunye nokuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza.

Elinye lamachiza asetyenziswa kunyango lwezihloko yiFluorouracil, enokusetyenziswa ngqo kwilungu lobufazi, kanye ngeveki kangangeeveki ezili-10, okanye ebusuku, kangangeveki enye okanye ezi-2. I-Imiquimod lelinye iyeza elinokusetyenziswa, kodwa zombini zifuna ukuboniswa ngugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini okanye i-oncologist, kuba azikho ngaphezulu kwekhawuntari.

Iziphumo zolu nyango zingabandakanya ukucaphuka okuqatha kwilungu lobufazi kunye nokuva, ukoma nokubomvu. Nangona unyango lwezihloko lusebenza kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza kwilungu lobufazi, alunaziphumo zilungileyo xa kuthelekiswa notyando, kwaye ke alusetyenziswa kangako.