Ukunxila: iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nonyango
Umxholo
Ukunxila siseti yeempawu kunye neempawu ezivela ekuvezweni ziikhemikhali eziyityhefu emzimbeni, ezinje ngamayeza adosi, ukulunywa zizilwanyana okunetyhefu, isinyithi esinzima njengelothe kunye ne-mercury, okanye ukubhencwa kwizibulali zinambuzane kunye neyeza lokubulala izitshabalalisi.
Ukunxila luhlobo lwetyhefu kwaye, ke, kunokubangela ukusabela kwendawo, njengokubomvu kunye nentlungu eluswini, okanye iimpendulo ngokubanzi, njengokugabha, umkhuhlane, ukubila okukhulu, ukuxhuzula, isiqaqa, kunye nomngcipheko wokufa. Ke, kubukho beempawu kunye neempawu ezinokukhokelela ekukrokreleni kwale ngxaki, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza, ukuze unyango lwenziwe, ngokuhlanjwa sisisu, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye iziyobisi, ezichazwe ugqirha.
Iindidi zetyhefu
Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zetyhefu, ezinje:
- Ukunxila okungafaniyo: kwenzeka xa into enxilisayo ikwisimo esingqongileyo, ekwaziyo ukungcolisa ngokungenisa, ukunxibelelana nolusu okanye ukusezela emoyeni. Ezona zixhaphakileyo kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza ngeedosi eziphezulu, ezinje ngee-anti-depressants, analgesics, anticonvulsants okanye anxiolytics, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, ukulunywa kwezilwanyana ezinetyhefu, njengenyoka okanye unomadudwane, ukusela kakhulu utywala okanye ukusezela imichiza, umzekelo;
- Ukunxila okungapheliyo: kubangelwa kukuqokelela kwezinto eziyingozi eziveliswa ngumzimba ngokwawo, ezinjenge-urea, kodwa ezihlala zikhutshwa ngesenzo sesibindi kunye nokucoca ngezintso, kwaye zinokuqokelelwa xa la malungu eswele.
Ukongeza, ukunxila kunokuba nzima, xa kubangela iimpawu kunye neempawu emva konxibelelwano olunye kunye nesiyobisi, okanye esinganyangekiyo, xa iimpawu zayo zivakala emva kokuqokelelwa kwento emzimbeni, isetyenziswe ixesha elide, njengemeko ukunxila ngamachiza anjengeDigoxin kunye neAmpliclic, umzekelo, okanye ngeesinyithi, ezinje ngelothe kunye nemercury.
I-Gastroenteritis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yityhefu yokutya, yenzeka ngenxa yobukho beentsholongwane, ezinjengeentsholongwane kunye neebhaktiriya, okanye iityhefu zazo, ekutyeni, ngakumbi xa zingalondolozwanga kakuhle, zibangela isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye norhudo. Ukufunda ngakumbi ngale meko, jonga indlela yokuchonga nokunyanga ityhefu yokutya.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Njengoko kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziyityhefu, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeempawu ezinokubonisa ukunxila, kwaye ezinye zazo ziphambili zezi:
- Ukukhawuleza okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo;
- Ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- Yandisa okanye unciphise ububanzi bomfundi;
- Ukubila okukhulu;
- Ubomvu okanye amanxeba esikhumba;
- Utshintsho olubonakalayo, njengokufiphala, ukungabi namandla okanye ubumnyama;
- Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
- Ukuphalaza;
- Urhudo;
- Intlungu zesisu;
- Ubuthathaka;
- Ukucazululwa kwengqondo kunye ne-delirium;
- Ukugcinwa komchamo kunye nokungcola okanye ukungavisisani;
- Ukucotha kunye nobunzima ekwenzeni intshukumo.
Ke, uhlobo, ubungqongqo kunye nobungakanani beempawu zokunxila ziyahluka ngohlobo lwento eyityhefu etshisiweyo, isixa kunye nemeko yomntu oyisebenzisileyo. Ukongeza, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala banobuthathaka ngakumbi kwiityhefu.
Uncedo lokuqala kwityhefu
Amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala aya kuthathwa xa unxilile kubandakanya:
- Tsalela umnxeba iSAMU 192 ngokukhawuleza, ukucela uncedo emva koko uye kwiZiko loLwazi ngeTyhefu (CIAVE), kwinombolo 0800 284 4343, ukufumana isikhokelo kwiingcali ngelixa uncedo lwezonyango lufika;
- Susa iarhente eyityhefu, ukuhlamba ngamanzi ukuba kunxibelelana nolusu, okanye ukutshintsha imeko ukuba iphefumlelwe;
- Gcina ixhoba kwindawo esecaleni, ukuba kunokwenzeka ulahlekelwe sisazela;
- Khangela ulwazi kwinto ebangele ityhefu, ukuba kunokwenzeka, njengokujonga ibhokisi yamayeza, izikhongozeli zeemveliso okanye ubukho bezilwanyana ezinetyhefu kufutshane, ukunceda ukwazisa iqela lezonyango.
Kulumkele ukusela utywala okanye ukubangela ukugabha, ngakumbi ukuba into oyifakileyo ayaziwa, i-asidi okanye inokubola, kuba oku kunokwenza mandundu iziphumo zento ekwindlela yokwetyisa. Ukufumana okuninzi malunga nokuba wenzeni xa unxila okanye utyhefe, jonga uncedo lokuqala lokuthintela ityhefu.
Unyango lwenziwa njani
Unyango lokunxila luyahluka ngokwonobangela kunye nemeko yeklinikhi yomntu, kwaye ingaqalwa kwi-ambulensi okanye xa ufika kwigumbi likaxakeka, liqela lezonyango, kwaye ibandakanya:
- Uvavanyo lweempawu ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo, ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye neoksijini yegazi, kunye nokuzinzisa, nge-hydration okanye ukusebenzisa ioksijini, umzekelo, ukuba kunyanzelekile;
- Chonga oonobangela botywala, ngokuhlalutya imbali yekliniki yexhoba, iimpawu kunye novavanyo lomzimba;
- Ukuphelisa ungcoliseko, ejolise ekunciphiseni ukuvezwa komzimba kwinto enetyhefu, ngamanyathelo afana nokuhlanjwa kwesisu, ukunkcenkceshelwa ngetyuwa ngetyhubhu ye-nasogastric, ukulawulwa kwamalahle asebenzayo kwindawo yokugaya ukutya ukulungiselela ukufunxwa kwento enetyhefu, okanye ukuhlamba amathumbu ., Ngezinto zokuthambisa ezinjenge-mannitol;
- Sebenzisa iyeza, ukuba ikho, enokuthi ichaze kuhlobo ngalunye lweziyobisi. Ezinye zezona zixhobo zisetyenziswayo zezi:
| Unyango | Iarhente yotywala |
| Acetylcysteine | IParacetamol |
| Atropine | Organophosphate kunye carbamate izinambuzane, ezifana Chumbinho; |
| I-Methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Izinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-methemoglobinizers, ezithintela ioksijini yegazi, efana neitrate, iigesi zeemoto, i-naphthalene kunye namanye amayeza, afana ne-chloroquine kunye ne-lidocaine, umzekelo; |
| I-BAL okanye i-dimercaprol | Ezinye izinyithi ezinzima, ezifana nearsenic negolide; |
| I-EDTA-calcium | Ezinye izinyithi ezinzima, ezifana nelothe; |
| IFlumazenil | Iipilisi zeBenzodiazepine, ezinje ngeDiazepam okanye iClonazepam, umzekelo; |
| Naloxone | I-opioid analgesics, enje ngeMorphine okanye iCodeine, umzekelo |
Anti-scorpion, anti-acid okanye anti-arachnid serum | Inkunkuma enetyhefu, inyoka okanye isigcawu; |
| Vitamin K | Amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi okanye amachiza anticoagulant, anjengewarfarin. |
Ukongeza, ukunqanda naluphi na uhlobo lokunxila, kubalulekile ukuba unike ingqalelo kwiimveliso ezinxibelelana mihla le, ngakumbi abantu abasebenza ngeemveliso zamachiza, ezinje ngeefektri okanye emasimini, kunye nokusetyenziswa izixhobo zokhuselo kubalulekile.
Ingqwalaselo eyodwa kufuneka inikwe abantwana, abanethuba elikhulu lokudibana okanye lokungenisa ngengozi iimveliso ezinxilisayo kunye neengozi zekhaya. Kananjalo jonga ukuba yeyiphi amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala kwezinye iingozi zasekhaya eziqhelekileyo.
Idumile Namhlanje
Uyinyusa njani iNani leHemoglobin yakho
