Iimpawu ezili-11 zeempawu zezintso

Umxholo

• Uninzi lweengxaki zezintso
• Ungazinyanga njani iingxaki zezintso
• Zithini iimviwo ekufuneka zenziwe

Iimpawu zeengxaki zezintso zinqabile, nangona kunjalo, xa zikhona, iimpawu zokuqala zihlala zibandakanya ukwehla kwenani lomchamo kunye notshintsho kwinkangeleko, ulusu olurhawuzayo, ukudumba okubaxekileyo kwemilenze nokudinwa okungapheliyo.

Kuba ayinguye wonke umntu onokuba neempawu, eyona ndlela yokufumanisa ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki zezintso kukuba nomchamo oqhelekileyo kunye novavanyo lwegazi kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, ukwenza i-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan. Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu kwimeko yokonyuka komngcipheko wokutshintsha kwezintso, njengakwisifo seswekile, abantu abadala kunye nabantu abanexinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi okanye imbali yosapho yokusilela kwezintso, umzekelo.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba nengxaki yezintso, khetha iimpawu ohlangabezana nazo ukuvavanya umngcipheko:

1. 1. Ukuhlala urhalela ukuchama
2. 2. Chama ngesixa esincinci ngexesha
3. 3. Iintlungu eziqhubekayo emazantsi omqolo wakho okanye emacaleni
4. 4. Ukudumba kwemilenze, iinyawo, iingalo okanye ubuso
5. 5. Ukurhawuzelela umzimba wonke
6. 6. Ukudinwa okugqithisileyo ngaphandle kwesizathu
7. 7. Utshintsho kumbala nakwivumba lomchamo
8. 8. Ubukho begwebu kumchamo
9. 9. kunzima ukulala okanye ukulala okumgangatho ophantsi
10. 10. Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nencasa ebuntsimbi emlonyeni
11. 11. Ukuziva uxinzelelo esiswini xa uchama

Ukuba kukho ngaphezulu kwesi-2 sezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nephrologist okanye ugqirha jikelele kuvavanyo lokuqonda isifo kwaye uchonge ukuba ngaba ikhona na ingxaki yezintso ekufuneka inyangwe. Jonga ezona zinto zibangela iintlungu zezintso.

Uninzi lweengxaki zezintso

Iingxaki ezihlala zichaphazela izintso zezi:

• Ilitye lezintso: iqulathe ingqokelela yamatye amancinci ngaphakathi kwizintso, anokuthintela ukudlula komchamo ukuya kwisinyi;
• Izintso zezintso: bahlala behamba nobudala, kodwa xa bebakhulu kakhulu, banokubangela iintlungu kwizintso;
• Isifo sezintso sePolycystic: kukhokelela ekubonakalweni kwama-cysts amaninzi kwizintso ezingathintela ukusebenza kwayo;
• IHydronephrosis: kubonakala xa umchamo ungenakudlula de isinyi siqokeleleke ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwizintso;
• Ukungonelanga kwezintso: ivela ngenxa yokonakala kwezintso okuthintela ukusebenza kwayo;
• Usulelo lwezintso: zibangelwa ziibacteria ezifika kwizintso ngomchamo okanye ngegazi, zixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kwaye zibonakalise iimpawu, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukugabha kunye neentlungu zomqolo;
• Ukulimala kwezintso:ibonakalisa ikakhulu kubantu abalala esibhedlele e-ICU, abantu abanembali yeengxaki zezintso okanye abantu abadala, umzekelo, abazintso zabo ziyeke ukusebenza ixesha elifutshane, malunga neentsuku ezimbini, ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ukongeza, abantu abanezigulo ezinganyangekiyo ezingalawulwayo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi okanye isifo seswekile, banokuphuhlisa isifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso esibangela ukonakala kwezintso ngokuhamba kwexesha, okunokuphela kukusilela kwezintso. Jonga ukuba zintoni iimpawu zokusilela kwezintso kunye nokuba lwenziwa njani unyango.

Umhlaza wezintso uqhelekile, ngakumbi emadodeni angaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, kwaye unokuzibonakalisa ngeempawu ezinje ngobukho begazi kumchamo, ukudinwa rhoqo, ukwehla kobunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, umkhuhlane ongapheliyo kunye nobukho beqhubu kunye iintlungu ezisecaleni komqolo. Jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo lweempawu zomhlaza wezintso.

Ungazinyanga njani iingxaki zezintso

Unyango lotshintsho kwizintso kufuneka lulungelelaniswe nengxaki ethile echaphazela ilungu, nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ezinobunzima, ezinje ngobukho bamatye amancinci ezintso okanye ii-cysts, iimpawu zinokupheliswa ngotshintsho olulula kwindlela otya ngayo, njengokusebenzisa amanzi amaninzi, kuthintele ukusetyenziswa kwetyuwa kunye nokwandisa ukutya kwecalcium, umzekelo. Jonga imenyu yamatyala amatye ezintso.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ezinjengokusilela kwezintso okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso, unyango kufuneka luhlale lukhokelwa ngugqirha wezifo zengqondo, kuba kusenokufuneka ukuba ulawule inani lamanzi afakiweyo, uthathe amayeza athile, wenze i-dialysis kwaye wenze olunye utyando ukunyanga ukwenzakala kwizintso. Nantsi indlela ukutya ekufuneka kujongeka ngayo kwabo banokusilela kwezintso:

Kwiimeko zomhlaza, kuhlala kufanelekile ukwenza utyando ukuze kususwe ithumba okanye izintso zonke, ukuba imeko inzima, kwaye ubhenele kwi-chemotherapy okanye kwi-radiotherapy ukushenxisa iiseli zomhlaza ezisele.

Ukongeza, ukuba kukho esinye isifo esingunobangela wengxaki yezintso, ezinje ngeswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi, kubalulekile ukuba wenze unyango olufanelekileyo ukunqanda ukonzakala okungakumbi kwezintso.

Zithini iimviwo ekufuneka zenziwe

Iimvavanyo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuqaphela ingxaki echaphazela izintso zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegaziukuvavanya amanqanaba ezinto eziqhelekileyo ezisuswe kwizintso, ezinje nge-creatinine kunye ne-urea;
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: ubukho beeproteni okanye igazi kumchamo ziinguqu ezinokubonisa iingxaki zezintso;
• I-Ultrasound okanye i-tomography: ukunceda ukufumanisa utshintsho kwimilo yezintso, ukuvumela ukuqaphela i-cysts kunye ne-tumors, umzekelo;
• Uqhaqho: iqhele ukusetyenziswa xa kurhanelwa umhlaza, kodwa inokusetyenziselwa ukuqaphela ezinye iingxaki.

Olu vavanyo lunoku-odolwa yingcali yezonyango, ngoko ke nanini na xa kukho urhano ngengxaki yezintso kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha uyokwenza kwaye uqinisekise ukuba lukhona na utshintsho.