Wahluke Njani Umdumba Womntu Otshayayo Emhlungwini Osempilweni?

Umxholo

• Isebenza njani imiphunga yomntu ongatshayiyo?
• Ukutshaya kuyichaphazela njani imiphunga yakho?
• Zeziphi iimeko ozibeka emngciphekweni wokutshaya?
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuchaphazela njani imiphunga yakho?
• Ungakuyeka njani ukutshaya

Ukutshaya 101

Mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba ukutshaya icuba akulunganga kwimpilo yakho. Ingxelo yakutshanje eyenziwe ngugqirha wotyando waseUnited States ithi phantse isiqingatha sesigidi sabantu ababulawa kukutshaya ngonyaka. Imiphunga yakho lelinye lamalungu achaphazeleka kakhulu licuba. Nantsi indlela ukutshaya kuchaphazela ngayo imiphunga yakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Isebenza njani imiphunga yomntu ongatshayiyo?

Umoya ovela ngaphandle komzimba ungena ngendlela ebizwa ngokuba yitrachea. Emva koko ihamba ngeendawo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bronchioles. Ezi zibekwe emiphungeni.

Imiphunga yakho yenziwe ziithishu ezirhabaxa ezenza izivumelwano kwaye zandiswe njengoko uphefumla. Iibronchioles zizisa umoya ococekileyo, ocebileyo we-oksijini kwimiphunga yakho kwaye ukhuphe i-carbon dioxide. Izakhiwo ezincinci, ezinjengeenwele zilungelelanisa imiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-cilia. Bacoca naluphi na uthuli okanye ubumdaka obufumaneka emoyeni ophefumlayo.

Ukutshaya kuyichaphazela njani imiphunga yakho?

Umsi wesigarethi uneekhemikhali ezininzi ezonakalisa inkqubo yakho yokuphefumla. Ezi khemikhali zivutha imiphunga kwaye zinokukhokelela ekuvelisweni kakhulu kweencindi. Ngenxa yoku, abantu abatshayayo basemngciphekweni owandayo wokukhohlela abantu abatshayayo, i <em> bronchitis, kunye nezifo ezosulelayo ezifana nenyumoniya. Oku kudumba kunokubangela nokuhlaselwa sisifuba kubantu abane-asthma.

Inikotini kwicuba ikhubaza i-cilia. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-cilia ihlambulula iikhemikhali, uthuli kunye nokungcola ngokuhamba kakuhle. Xa i-cilia ingasebenzi, izinto ezinobuthi zinokuqokelelana. Oku kunokubangela ukuxinana kwemiphunga kunye nokukhohlela komsi.

Zombini icuba kunye neekhemikhali ezifumaneka kwisigarethi zitshintsha ubume beselula bemiphunga. Iindonga ze-elastic ngaphakathi kwomoya ziyaqhekeka. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ndawo ingaphantsi yokusebenza emiphungeni.

Ukuze sitshintshise ngokufanelekileyo umoya esiwuphefumlayo, otyebileyo kwioksijini, kunye nomoya esiwukhuphulayo, ogcwele icarbon dioxide, sidinga indawo enkulu engaphezulu.

Xa izicubu zemiphunga ziqhekeka, azikwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kolu tshintshiselwano. Ekugqibeleni, oku kukhokelela kwimeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-emphysema. Le meko ibonakaliswa ngokuphefumla okufutshane.

Abantu abaninzi abatshayayo baya kuba ne- emphysema. Inani leesigarethi ozitshayayo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphila zinokuchaphazela umonakalo owenziweyo. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-emphysema okanye i-bronchitis engapheliyo, kuthiwa unesifo esinganyangekiyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD). Zombini ezi ngxaki ziindidi zeCOPD.

Zeziphi iimeko ozibeka emngciphekweni wokutshaya?

Ukutshaya umkhwa kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezininzi zexesha elifutshane. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukusebenza kakuhle kwezemidlalo
• ukukhohlela okrwada
• impilo enkenenkene yemiphunga
• umoya onukayo
• amazinyo atyheli
• iinwele, umzimba kunye neempahla ezinuka kakubi

Ukutshaya kukwayanyaniswa nomngcipheko wempilo wexesha elide. Kuyaqondakala ukuba abantu abatshayayo banamathuba amaninzi kunokuba bangatshayi baphuhlise zonke iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-90 zamatyala omhlaza wemiphunga zibangelwa kukutshaya rhoqo. Amadoda atshayayo anamathuba angama-23 okuba nomhlaza wemiphunga kunamadoda angazange atshaye. Ngokufanayo, abasetyhini banamathuba ali-13 okuba nomhlaza wemiphunga kunabasetyhini abangazange batshaye.

Ukutshaya kukonyusa umngcipheko wezinye izifo ezinxulumene nemiphunga ezinje ngeCOPD kunye nenyumoniya. Malunga nokufa konke okunxulumene neCOPD eUnited States kungenxa yokutshaya. Abatshayayo rhoqo banamathuba okuba nomhlaza:

• injeke
• isibindi
• isisu
• izintso
• umlomo
• isinyi
• umqala

Umhlaza ayisiyiyo kuphela ingxaki yexesha elide yokutshaya enokubangela. Ukutshaya icuba kuphazamisa nokuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokunyusa amathuba okuba:

• isifo sentliziyo
• icala
• isifo semithambo
• imithambo yegazi eyonakeleyo

Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuchaphazela njani imiphunga yakho?

Akukaze kube semva kwexesha kakhulu ukuba uyeke ukutshaya. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuyeka ukutshaya, i-cilia iya kuqala ukuvuselela. Kwiiveki ukuya kwiinyanga, i-cilia yakho inokuphinda isebenze ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba nezifo ezinxulumene nemiphunga, ezinje ngomhlaza wemiphunga kunye neCOPD.

Emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 yokuyeka icuba, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga uya kulingana nalowo womntu ongazange atshaye.

Ungakuyeka njani ukutshaya

Nangona kusenokungabi lula ukwahlukana nalo mkhwa, kunokwenzeka. Thetha nogqirha wakho, umcebisi onelayisensi, okanye abanye kwinethiwekhi yakho yenkxaso ukuze uqalise kumkhondo olungileyo.

Zininzi iindlela onokukhetha kuzo ukukunceda uyeke ngesantya esikulungeleyo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Amachaphaza e-nicotine
• iicuba zecuba
• Ukuya kwiqela lenkxaso
• iingcebiso
• Ukulawula iimeko ezikhuthaza ukutshaya, ezinje ngoxinzelelo
• ukwenza umthambo
• Ukuyeka ukubanda

Kubalulekile ukuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo xa uyeka ukutshaya. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyanceda ukudibanisa amacebo ahlukeneyo, njengokuzilolonga kunye nokunciphisa inicotine. Ukunciphisa isixa ositshayayo okanye ukuphelisa lo mkhwa ngokupheleleyo kunokunceda ukuphucula impilo yemiphunga yakho.

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa, kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda ukumisela isicwangciso sokuyeka ukutshaya okulungele wena.