I-Sideroblastic anemia: yintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Sideroblastic anemia ibonakaliswa kukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga kwesinyithi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hemoglobin, ebangela ukuba i-iron iqokelele ngaphakathi kwe-mitochondria ye-erythroblast, inika i-sideroblasts zeringi, eziboniswe kuhlalutyo lwegazi phantsi kwemicroscope.

Esi sigulo sinokunxulunyaniswa nezinto zofuzo, izinto ezifunyenweyo okanye ngenxa ye-myelodysplasias, ekhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezibonisa ukuba ne-anemia, njengokudinwa, ukubola, isiyezi nokuba buthathaka.

Unyango luxhomekeke kubukrakra besifo, kunye ne-folic acid kunye nevithamini B6 elawulwa ngokubanzi kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza ukufakelwa komongo wethambo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

I-Sideroblastic anemia inokuba yinto yokuzalwa, kulapho umntu azalwe enesifo, okanye efunyenwe, apho ii-sideroblast zibonakala njengesiphumo senye imeko. Kwimeko ye-semia ye-sideroblastic ye-congenital, iyahambelana nokuguqulwa kwemfuza okuzuzwe njengelifa, okunxulunyaniswa ne-X chromosome, ethi, ngenxa yotshintsho, ikhuthaze utshintsho kwi-mitochondrial metabolism, ekhokelela kuphuhliso lolu hlobo lwe-anemia.

Kwimeko yokufunyanwa kwe-sideroblastic anemia, esona sizathu siphambili sesifo se-myelodysplastic syndrome, esivumelana neqela lezifo apho ukungoneli okuqhubekayo komongo wethambo kukhokelela kwimveliso yeeseli zegazi ezingakhulanga. Ezinye izinto ezinokubangela i-sideroblastic anemia zezi:

• Utywala obungapheliyo;
• Irheumatoid Arthritis;
• Ukubonakaliswa kwiityhefu;
• Ukuswela ivithamin B6 okanye ubhedu;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amayeza, njenge-chloramphenicol kunye ne-isoniazid;
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo.

Ukongeza, olu hlobo lwe-anemia lunokuba sisiphumo solunye utshintsho olunxulumene nomongo wegazi kunye nethambo, njenge-myeloma, i-polycythemia, i-myelosclerosis kunye neleukemia.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zeemeko ezininzi zelifa le-sideroblastic anemia zibonakaliswe ebuntwaneni, nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho iimeko ezinobuzaza ze-sideroblastic anemia elineempawu ezibonakala kuphela ebudaleni.

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu ze-sideroblastic anemia ziyafana nezo ze-anemia eqhelekileyo, apho umntu anokufumana ukudinwa, ukunciphisa amandla okwenza imisebenzi yomzimba, isiyezi, ubuthathaka, i-tachycardia kunye ne-pallor, ukongeza ekubeni ulungele ukopha kwaye usulelo.

Ukufumanisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-anemia, khetha iimpawu onokuthi uzifumane apha ngezantsi:

1. 1. Ukungabikho kwamandla kunye nokudinwa okugqithisileyo
2. 2. Ulusu oluthuthu
3. 3. Ukunqongophala kokuthanda kunye nemveliso ephantsi
4. 4. Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo
5. 5. Ukucaphuka lula
6. 6. Umnqweno ongachazekiyo wokutya into engaqhelekanga enje ngezitena okanye udongwe
7. 7. Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo okanye ubunzima bokugxila

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwe-sideroblastic anemia kufuneka kwenziwe yi-hematologist okanye ugqirha ngokubanzi ngokuvavanya iimpawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe kukunokwenzeka kunye nokwenza ubalo lwegazi apho kunokwenzeka khona ukujonga ii-erythrocytes ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye ezinye zazo zinokubonakala zinamachaphaza. Ukongeza, ukubalwa kwe-reticulocyte kuyenziwa, ezingafakwanga iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, zihlala zikhona kolu hlobo lwe-anemia.

Imilinganiselo yentsimbi, i-ferritin kunye ne-transferrin saturation nayo ikwaboniswa ngugqirha, njengoko zinokutshintshwa kwi-sideroblastic anemia. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha unokucebisa kwakhona ukuba enze uvavanyo ukuvavanya umongo wethambo, njengoko ukongeza ekuncedeni ukuqinisekisa i-sideroblastic anemia, ikwanceda ukufumanisa unobangela wotshintsho.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-sideroblastic anemia kufuneka lwenziwe ngokokubonisa kukagqirha kunye nonobangela we-anemia, kunye nokongezwa kunye nevithamini B6 kunye ne-folic acid kungabonakaliswa, ukongeza ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kotywala. Kwimeko apho i-anemia ibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza, ukumiswa kokusetyenziswa kwayo kungabonakaliswa.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho i-anemia isiphumo sotshintsho ekusebenzeni komongo wethambo, ukufakelwa kungabonakaliswa ngugqirha. Qonda ukuba ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kwenziwa njani.