Ubuninzi kwi-MS: Yintoni onokuyilindela

Umxholo

• Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphamba?
• Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango
• Amayeza okusasazeka
• Unyango lomzimba kunye nolomsebenzi lokungakhathali
• Izixhobo zokuphamba
• Utyando lwespasticity
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Ukuxenga kuxa izihlunu zakho ziba lukhuni kwaye kunzima ukuhamba. Inokwenzeka nakweliphi na ilungu lomzimba wakho, kodwa ichaphazela imilenze yakho. Iyakwazi ukusuka ekubeni nokuqina okuncinci ukuya kukungakwazi ukuma okanye ukuhamba.

Ukuqhekeka okuncinci kunokubandakanya ukuziva uxinekile okanye uxinzelelo. Kodwa ukuqaqamba okungathethekiyo kunokuba buhlungu kuze kuyekise.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukuxhamla kubandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha. Ispasm yinto ekhawulezileyo, engadibaniyo okanye intshukumo yemisipha.

Ukutshintsha kwezikhundla okanye ukwenza intshukumo ngequbuliso kunokubangela ispasm. Ngokunjalo nobushushu obugqithisileyo okanye iimpahla ezixineneyo.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abane-multiple sclerosis (MS) baye bafumana ubunzima. Kweminye, luphawu olunqabileyo oludlula ngokukhawuleza. Kwabanye, kunokungaqiniseki kwaye kubuhlungu.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphamba?

Ezi zezi ntlobo zimbini zixhaphakileyo kwi-MS:

Ukutshintsha kweFlexor: Olu hlobo luchaphazela izihlunu emqolo yemilenze yakho ephezulu (imisipha) okanye umphezulu wamathanga akho aphezulu (i-hip flexors). Kukugoba okungafunekiyo kwamadolo kunye nesinqe ukuya esifubeni sakho.

Ukwanda kokuqaqamba: Olu hlobo lunxulumene nezihlunu ngaphambili (i-quadriceps) nangaphakathi (i-adductors) yomlenze wakho wangasentla. Igcina amadolo akho kunye nezinqe ziqondile, kodwa ucinezele kunye okanye udlule emaqatheni.

Unokufumana enye okanye zombini ezi ntlobo. Baphathwa ngendlela efanayo. Unako ukufumana ukuxhamla kwiingalo zakho, kodwa akuqhelekanga kubantu abane-MS.

Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango

Ukuba ukujija kuya kuba yingxaki, kuyakufuneka usebenze nogqirha wakho ukuza nesicwangciso sonyango.

Injongo kukukhulula iimpawu ezinje ngokuncipha kwemisipha kunye nentlungu. Iimpawu zokunciphisa kufuneka ziphucule izakhono zemoto kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokucebisa ngokulula ukuzilolonga kunye nolunye uqeqesho, olunokubandakanya:

• iyoga
• ukuphumla kwezihlunu okuqhubekayo
• Ukucamngca kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphumla
• ukuphulula

Izinto ezithile zinokubangela iimpawu okanye zibenze zibe mandundu. Inxalenye yesicwangciso sakho sonyango kufuneka ichonge izinto ezinokubangela ukuba uziphephe. Ezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela zezi:

• amaqondo obushushu abandayo
• iimeko ezifumileyo
• iimpahla eziqinileyo okanye izihlangu
• ukuma kakuhle
• usuleleko lwebhaktiriya okanye lweentsholongwane njengokubanda, umkhuhlane, usulelo lwesinyi, okanye izilonda kulusu
• ukuqhina

Ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo njengabanyangi bomzimba okanye bokusebenza.

Kuxhomekeke kubukhali beempawu zakho, unokuthi uqwalasele:

• amayeza okunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha
• izixhobo ze-orthotic, ezinjenge-brace kunye ne-splints, ukunceda ekubekeni indawo
• utyando lokuqhawula imisipha okanye iingcambu zemithambo-luvo

Amayeza okusasazeka

Amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukungahambelani okunxulumene ne-MS. Injongo yeyeza kukunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha ngaphandle kokwenza buthathaka isihlunu ukuya kwindawo apho ungayisebenzisi khona.

Naliphi na iyeza olikhethayo uya kuqala ngethamo eliphantsi. Inokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe de ufumane idosi esebenzayo.

Amachiza amabini antispasticity asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-MS zezi:

Baclofen (IKemstro): Esi sihlunu somlomo sokuphumla sijolise kwimithambo-luvo kwintambo yomqolo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukozela kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha. Ukuqaqamba okungaphezulu, kunokulawulwa kusetyenziswa impompo efakwe ngasemva (intrathecal baclofen).

Tizanidine (Zanaflex): La mayeza omlomo anokuyiphumuza imisipha yakho. Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya umlomo owomileyo, ukulala, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibangeli ubuthathaka bemisipha.

Ukuba akukho nalinye lala mayeza asebenzayo, kukho ezinye iindlela onokukhetha kuzo. Zingasebenza, kodwa ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba mandundu:

• Diazepam (Valium): Ayilunganga kuba inokuba sisiqhelo sokwenza kunye nokuhlala.
• Dantrolene (URyanodex): Inokubangela ukonakala kwesibindi kunye nokungaqhelekanga egazini.
• Phenol: Le blocker yemithambo-luvo inokubangela ukutshisa, ukubetha okanye ukudumba. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kunokubangela ubuthathaka bemoto kunye nelahleko yeemvakalelo.
• Ityhefu yebotulinum (Botox): Oku kulawulwa ngenaliti yangaphakathi. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukuqaqanjelwa kwendawo yenaliti kunye nokubuthathaka okwethutyana kwezihlunu.

Unyango lomzimba kunye nolomsebenzi lokungakhathali

Nokuba usebenzisa amayeza okanye hayi, kubalulekile ukufaka intshukumo kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Nokuba uceba ukwenza umthambo ngokwakho, kunokuba luluvo olulungileyo ukusebenzisana nonyango lokuqala. Banokuvavanya amandla akho kunye nobuthathaka bakho ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi imithambo enokuthi ikuncede. Emva koko banokubonisa ukuba ungayenza njani le mithambo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuba unengxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo njengokunxiba, cinga ngokusebenza nonyango lomsebenzi. Banokukufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezincedisayo kunye nokwenza uhlengahlengiso lwasekhaya ukwenza ukwenza imisebenzi kube lula.

Izixhobo zokuphamba

I-brace kunye ne-splints (izixhobo ze-orthotic) zinokunceda ukugcina imilenze yakho ikwindawo efanelekileyo ukuze kube lula ukuhambahamba. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba uthenge isixhobo orthotic. Ukuba ayihambelani kakuhle okanye ayenziwanga kakuhle, inokwenza ukunganyamezeli kube kubi ngakumbi kwaye kukhokelele kwizilonda zoxinzelelo.

Utyando lwespasticity

Ngenxa yokuba utyando soloko lunomngcipheko othile, kuhlala kuyinto yokugqibela. Utyando lotyando lubandakanya ukusika imisipha okanye iingcambu zemithambo-luvo ukukhulula izihlunu eziqinileyo. Oku kuyasebenza ngokubanzi ekunyangeni ukunganyamezeleki, kodwa akunakulungiswa.

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Kuya kufuneka uchaze ukungangxami okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha ngamanye amaxesha kwi-neurologist yakho kutyelelo lwakho olulandelayo, nokuba ayongxaki enkulu.

Ukuba ukungakhathali kubuhlungu okanye kuphazamisa iintshukumo ezithile, nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ngoku.

Ngaphandle konyango, ukunganyamezeli okukhulu kunokukhokelela ku:

• ukuqina kwemisipha ixesha elide kunye neentlungu
• izilonda zoxinzelelo
• amalungu aqiniweyo kunye nabakhubazekileyo

Unyango lwakwangoko lunokukunceda uphephe ezo ngxaki.

Imbonakalo

Ukuxinana akusoloko kukubi. Umzekelo, ukuba izihlunu zomlenze wakho zibuthathaka kangangokuba kunzima ukuhamba, ukujija kancinci kunokuba luncedo. Kodwa ukungxama okuqatha kunokuphazamisa umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Njengakwezinye iimpawu ze-MS, ukunganyamezeli kuyahluka ngokwinqanaba kunye nobuninzi. Ngonyango, kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokuqina kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza.

Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sonyango kwaye uhlengahlengise njengoko iimfuno zakho zitshintsha.