yintoni, uyifumana njani kunye neempawu eziphambili

Umxholo

• 1. IStreptococcus pyogenes
• 2. IStreptococcus agalactiae
• 3. IStreptococcus pneumoniae
• 4. I-Streptococcus viridans
• Uluqinisekisa njani usulelo ngo IStreptococcus

IStreptococcus Iyahambelana nohlobo lwebhaktiriya olubonakaliswe ngokujikeleza imilo kwaye ifunyenwe ilungelelaniswe ngetyathanga, ukongeza ekubeni ne-violet okanye umbala omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ujongwa ngemicroscope, yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-gram-positive bacteria.

Uninzi lweentlobo ze IStreptococcus inokufumaneka emzimbeni, ingabangeli naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yemeko ethile, kunokubakho ukungalingani phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane ezikhoyo emzimbeni kwaye, ngenxa yoko, olu hlobo lweebhaktheriya lunokuphindaphindeka ngokulula, lubangele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo.

Kuxhomekeke kudidi lwe IStreptococcus elawula ukukhula, isifo kunye neempawu ezinokubangelwa zizohluka:

1. IStreptococcus pyogenes

O IStreptococcus pyogenes, S. pyogenes okanye IStreptococcus Iqela A, luhlobo olunokubangela ezona zifo zinzima, nangona ngokwendalo likhona kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ngakumbi emlonyeni nasemqaleni, ukongeza kubukho kulusu nakwindlela yokuphefumla.

Ungayifumana njani: O IStreptococcus pyogenes inokudluliselwa ngokulula isuka emntwini iye emntwini ngokwabelana ngamacephe okusika, ukwanga okanye ukufihla, njengokuthimla nokukhohlela, okanye ngokudibana nokufihla kwenxeba kwabantu abosulelekileyo.

Izifo ezinokubangela: esinye sezifo eziphambili ezibangelwa S. pyogenes yi-pharyngitis, kodwa inokubangela nomkhuhlane obomvu, usulelo lolusu, njenge-impetigo kunye ne-erysipelas, ukongeza kwi-necrosis yethishu kunye ne-rheumatic fever. I-rheumatic fever sisifo esizenzekelayo esibonakaliswa kukuhlaselwa komzimba womzimba kwisistim somzimba kwaye esinokuthandwa bubukho bentsholongwane. Funda indlela yokuchonga nokunyanga isifo samathambo.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo: iimpawu zosulelo ngu S. pyogenes ziyahluka ngokwesi sifo, kodwa olona phawu luxhaphakileyo kukuqaqamba komqala okuvela ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-2 ngonyaka. Usulelo luchongwa kuvavanyo lwaselebhu, ngakumbi kuvavanyo lwe-anti-streptolysin O, okanye i-ASLO, evumela ukuba kuchongwe izilwa-buhlungu eziveliswe kule ntsholongwane. Jonga indlela yokuqonda uviwo lwe-ASLO.

Unyango njani: Unyango luxhomekeke kwisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane, kodwa ikakhulu senziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, njengePenicillin kunye neErythromycin. Kubalulekile ukuba unyango lwenziwe ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha, njengoko kuqhelekile ukuba le ntsholongwane ifumane iindlela zokumelana, ezinokwenza ukuba unyango lube nzima kwaye lubangele iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu.

2. IStreptococcus agalactiae

O IStreptococcus agalactiae, S. iagalactiae okanye IStreptococcus iqela B, ziibhaktiriya ezinokufumaneka ngokulula kumazantsi emathunjini nakwinkqubo yabasetyhini yokuchama kunye nelungu lobufazi, kwaye kunokubangela usulelo olubi, ngakumbi kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa.

Ungayifumana njani: ibhaktheriya ikhona kwilungu lobufazi lomfazi kwaye inokungcolisa i-amniotic fluid okanye inqwenelwe ngumntwana ngexesha lokubeleka.

Izifo ezinokubangela: O S. iagalactiae Ingabonisa umngcipheko emntwaneni emva kokuzalwa, enokubangela i-sepsis, inyumoniya, i-endocarditis kunye ne-meningitis.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo: ubukho beli bhaktiriya abubangeli mpawu, kodwa bunokuchongwa emfazini kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhanjiswa ukuqinisekisa isidingo sonyango lokuthintela usulelo kosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa. Emntwaneni, usulelo lunokuchongwa ngeempawu ezinje ngotshintsho kwinqanaba lokuqonda, ubuso obuhlaza kunye nokuphefumla nzima, okunokubonakala kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokubeleka okanye kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva. Qonda indlela olwenziwa ngayo uviwo ukuchonga ubukho be IStreptococcus iqela B ekukhulelweni.

Unyango njani: Unyango luhlala lusenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, eyona nto iboniswa kakhulu ngugqirha yiPenicillin, Cephalosporin, Erythromycin kunye neChloramphenicol.

3. IStreptococcus pneumoniae

O IStreptococcus pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae okanye i-pneumococci, inokufumaneka kwindawo yokuphefumla yabantu abadala kwaye, kunqabile ebantwaneni.

Izifo ezinokubangela: inoxanduva lwezifo ezinjenge-otitis, sinusitis, meningitis kwaye, ikakhulu, inyumoniya.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo: ngesona sifo siphambili kwi-pneumonia, iimpawu zihlala ziphefumla, njengobunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kunokudinwa okuqhelekileyo nokudinwa kakhulu. Yazi ezinye iimpawu zenyumoniya.

Unyango njani: Unyango lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, ekufuneka licetyiswe ngugqirha, njengePenicillin, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim kunye neTetracycline.

4. I-Streptococcus viridans

O I-Streptococcus viridans, kwaziwa njenge S. viridans, ifunyanwa ikakhulu kumngxunya womlomo nakwipharynx kwaye inendima yokhuselo, ethintela ukukhula kwezinye iibacteria, ezinje ngeS. pyogenes.

O IStreptococcus mitis, weqela le S. viridans, Bukhona kumphezulu wamazinyo kunye neembumba ezinomhlana, kwaye ubukho bayo bunokuchongwa ngokubonakala kwamacwecwe amazinyo. Ezi bhaktheriya zinokungena egazini ngexesha lokuxukuxa okanye ukukhupha izinyo, umzekelo, ngakumbi xa iintsini zidumbile. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaphilileyo, ezi bhakteria zisuswa ngokulula kwigazi, kodwa xa umntu enesimo esichazayo, njenge-atherosclerosis, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezifakwe emithanjeni okanye iingxaki zentliziyo, umzekelo, ibacteria inokukhula kwindawo ethile emzimbeni , ezibangela i-endocarditis.

O Inguqulelo yeStreptococcus, ekwabekwiqela le S. viridans, ubukhulu becala ikhona kwi-enamel yamazinyo kwaye ubukho bayo emazinyweni buhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nesixa seswekile esisetyenzisiweyo, ingoyena mntu ubangela uxinzelelo lwamazinyo.

Uluqinisekisa njani usulelo ngo IStreptococcus

Ukuchongwa kosulelo ngu IStreptococcus yenziwa elebhu kusetyenziswa iimviwo ezithile. Ugqirha uya kubonisa, ngokweempawu ezibonakaliswe ngumntu, izinto eziza kuthunyelwa elabhoratri ukuze zihlolwe, ezinokuba ligazi, ukuphuma emqaleni, emlonyeni okanye kwilungu lobufazi, umzekelo.

Iimvavanyo ezithile zenziwa elebhu ukubonisa ukuba ibhaktiriya ebangela usulelo IStreptococcus, ukongeza kwezinye iimvavanyo ezivumela ukuchongwa kweentlobo zebacteria, ezibalulekileyo kugqirha ukuze agqibe ukuxilongwa. Ukongeza ekuchongweni kweentlobo, kuvavanyo lwebhayoloji lwenziwa ukujonga ubume bentsholongwane, okt ukujonga ukuba zeziphi ezona zixhobo zilungileyo zokulwa esi sifo.