Yintoni isifo sokufa ngesiquphe, kwaye ngaba kuthintelwa kunokwenzeka?

Umxholo

• Yintoni isifo sokufa ngesiquphe?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni?
• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Ngaba iyathinteleka?
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni isifo sokufa ngesiquphe?

Isifo sokufa ngesiquphe (i-SDS) ligama elichazwe ngokukhululekileyo kuthotho lwee-syndromes zentliziyo ezibangela ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ngesiquphe kunye nokufa.

Ezinye zezi syndromes ziziphumo zeengxaki zokwakha entliziyweni. Eminye inokuba ziziphumo zokungahambi kakuhle phakathi kwamajelo ombane. Zonke zinokubangela ukubanjwa kwentliziyo okungalindelekanga kwaye ngokungalindelekanga, nakubantu abaphilileyo. Abanye abantu bayafa ngenxa yayo.

Uninzi lwabantu alwazi ukuba banesifo kude kube nokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Uninzi lweziganeko ze-SDS azichongwanga ngokufanelekileyo, nokuba. Xa umntu one-SDS esifa, ukusweleka kunokudweliswa njengonobangela wendalo okanye isifo sentliziyo. Kodwa ukuba i-coroner ithatha amanyathelo okuqonda oyena nobangela, banokubanakho ukufumana iimpawu zenye ye-syndromes ye-SDS.

Olunye uqikelelo lwenza ingxelo yokuba ubuncinci babantu abane-SDS abanazo izinto ezingaqhelekanga kulwakhiwo, oluya kuba lolona lula ukufumanisa kwisidumbu. Izitenxo kumajelo ombane kunzima ngakumbi ukuzibona.

I-SDS ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala nakwabadala abaphakathi. Kubantu beli xesha, ukufa okungachazwanga kuyaziwa ngokuba sisifo sokufa kwabantu abadala ngesiquphe (SADS).

Inokwenzeka nakwiintsana. Ezi syndromes zinokuba yenye yeemeko ezininzi eziwela phantsi kwesifo sokufa kweentsana ngesiquphe (SIDS).

Imeko ethile, Isifo seBrugada, sinokubangela ngesiquphe ukufa ngokungalindelekanga ebusuku (SUNDS).

Ngenxa yokuba i-SDS ihlala ichongiwe okanye ingafunyanwa kwaphela, akucaci ukuba bangaphi abantu abanayo.

Uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba abantu aba-5 kwabali-10 000 bane-Brugada syndrome. Enye imeko ye-SDS, i-QT syndrome ende, inokwenzeka. I-QT emfutshane inqabile ngakumbi. Ngama-70 kuphela amatyala ayo achongiweyo kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukwazi ukuba usemngciphekweni. Unokwazi ukunyanga oyena nobangela we-SDS ukuba ukhona.

Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kumanyathelo anokuthathwa ekuchongeni ezinye zeemeko ezinxulumene ne-SDS kwaye ngokunokwenzeka sithintele ukubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Abantu abane-SDS bahlala bebonakala bephilile ngaphambi kwesiganeko sokuqala sentliziyo okanye ukufa. I-SDS ihlala ibangela ukuba kungabikho zimpawu zibonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezinobungozi ezonyusa amathuba okuba umntu abe neemeko ezithile ezinxulumene ne-SDS.

Abaphandi bafumene imfuza ethile inokunyusa umngcipheko womntu kwezinye iintlobo ze-SDS. Ukuba umntu une-SADS, umzekelo, izihlobo zabo zokuqala (abantakwabo, abazali kunye nabantwana) banokuba nesifo, nabo.

Ayinguye wonke umntu one-SDS enenye yezi zofuzo, nangona kunjalo. Kuphela yi-15 ukuya kwi-30 yepesenti yamatyala aqinisekisiweyo e-Brugada syndrome enofuzo olunxulunyaniswa naloo meko.

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• Ukwabelana ngesondo. Amadoda kunokwenzeka ukuba abe ne-SDS kunabasetyhini.
• Uhlanga. Abantu abavela eJapan nakwimpuma yeAsia banomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo seBrugada.

Ukongeza kwezi zinto zomngcipheko, iimeko ezithile zonyango zinokunyusa umngcipheko we-SDS, njenge:

• Ukuxhuzula. Ngamanye amaxesha i-lithium isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Eli chiza linokubangela isifo seBrugada.
• Isifo sentliziyo. Isifo semithambo yeCoronary sesona sifo siqhelekileyo sixhaphakileyo kwi-SDS. Phantse kubangelwa sisifo semithambo yegazi ngesiquphe. Umqondiso wokuqala wesi sifo kukubanjwa kwentliziyo.
• Isathuthwane. Kunyaka ngamnye, ukufa okungalindelekanga ngesiquphe (SUDEP) kwenzeka malunga nokufunyaniswa unesifo sokuwa. Uninzi lokusweleka lwenzeka kwangoko emva kokubanjwa.
• Arrhythmias. I-arrhythmia sisilinganiselo sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga okanye isingqisho. Intliziyo inokubetha ngokucotha okanye ngokukhawuleza. Inokuba nayo ipateni engaqhelekanga. Ingakhokelela kwiimpawu ezinje ngokuphelelwa ngamandla okanye isiyezi. Ukufa ngesiquphe kunokwenzeka.
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Le meko ibangela ukuba iindonga zentliziyo zijiye. Inokuphazamisa nenkqubo yombane. Zombini zingakhokelela kwintliziyo engaqhelekanga okanye ekhawulezayo yentliziyo (arrhythmia).

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngaphandle kwezi zinto zichongiweyo zomngcipheko, oko akuthethi ukuba une-SDS. Nabani na kubuphi na ubudala nakweyiphi na imeko yezempilo unokuba ne-SDS.

Ibangelwa yintoni?

Akucaci ukuba yintoni ebangela i-SDS.

Ukutshintsha kweGene kudityaniswe kuninzi lwee-syndromes eziwela phantsi kwesambulela se-SDS, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu one-SDS onemfuza. Kungenzeka ukuba ezinye izakhi zofuzo zixhumeke kwi-SDS, kodwa azikabonakali. Kwaye ezinye izizathu ze-SDS azikho zofuzo.

Amanye amayeza anokubangela ii-syndromes ezinokukhokelela ekufeni ngesiquphe. Umzekelo, i-QT syndrome ende inokubangelwa kukusebenzisa:

• antihistamines
• izinto zokugqibela
• iyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane
• womchamo
• iziyobisi
• Unyango lwengqondo

Ngokunjalo, abanye abantu abane-SDS abanakho ukubonisa iimpawu de baqale ukuthatha la mayeza athile. Emva koko, i-SDS eyenziwe ngamayeza inokuvela.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Ngelishwa, uphawu lokuqala okanye uphawu lwe-SDS inokuba kukufa ngesiquphe nangokungalindelekanga.

Nangona kunjalo, i-SDS inokubangela ezi mpawu zibomvu zilandelayo:

• iintlungu esifubeni, ngakumbi xa usenza umthambo
• ukulahleka kwengqondo
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• isiyezi
• ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukuziva ubethabethana
• Ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ingakumbi ngexesha lokuzilolonga

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu, funa unyango kwangoko. Ugqirha angaqhuba iimvavanyo ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni enokubangela ezi mpawu zingalindelekanga.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

I-SDS ifunyaniswa kuphela xa ungena ekubanjweni kwentliziyo ngequbuliso. I-electrocardiogram (i-ECG okanye i-EKG) inokuchonga uninzi lwee-syndromes ezinokubangela ukufa ngesiquphe. Olu vavanyo lurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho.

Iingcali ze-cardiologists eziqeqeshwe ngokukodwa zingakhangela iziphumo ze-ECG kwaye zichonge iingxaki ezinokwenzeka, ezifana ne-QT syndrome ende, i-QT syndrome emfutshane, i-arrhythmia, i-cardiomyopathy kunye nokunye.

Ukuba i-ECG ayicacanga okanye ugqirha wezentliziyo angathanda isiqinisekiso esongezelelweyo, banokucela i-echocardiogram. Olu luvavanyo lwe-ultrasound lwentliziyo. Ngale vavanyo, ugqirha uyayibona intliziyo yakho ibetha ngexesha lokwenyani. Oku kunokubanceda babone ukungaqhelekanga komzimba.

Nabani na ova iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-SDS unokufumana olunye lolu vavanyo. Ngokunjalo, abantu abanembali yezonyango okanye yosapho ebonisa ukuba i-SDS inokwenzeka ukuba banokufuna ukuba nolunye lolu vavanyo.

Ukuchonga umngcipheko kwangoko kunokukunceda ufunde iindlela zokuthintela ukubanjwa kwentliziyo okunokubakho.

Inyangwa njani?

Ukuba intliziyo yakho iyema ngenxa ye-SDS, abaphenduli abangxamisekileyo banakho ukukuhlaziya ngamanyathelo okusindisa ubomi. Oku kubandakanya i-CPR kunye ne-defibrillation.

Emva kovuselelo, ugqirha unokwenza utyando ukubeka i-cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) enokufakelwa ukuba kufanelekile. Esi sixhobo singathumela umothuko wombane entliziyweni yakho ukuba sima kwakhona kwixesha elizayo.

Usenokuba nesiyezi kwaye udlule ngenxa yesiqendu, kodwa isixhobo esimiselweyo sinokukwazi ukuqala kwakhona intliziyo yakho.

Akukho lunyango lwangoku kwizizathu ezininzi ze-SDS. Ukuba ufumana isifo kunye nenye yezi syndromes, ungathatha amanyathelo ukukunceda ukuthintela isehlo esibulalayo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-ICD.

Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bakrazukile ngokusebenzisa unyango lwe-SDS kumntu ongakhange abonakalise zimpawu.

Ngaba iyathinteleka?

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni isiqendu esibulalayo.

Ukuba unembali yosapho ye-SDS, ugqirha anganakho ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba unesifo esingakhokelela ekufeni okungalindelekanga. Ukuba wenjenjalo, ungathatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukufa ngesiquphe. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukunqanda amayeza abangela iimpawu, ezinje ngee-anti-depressants kunye neziyobisi zokuthintela isodium
• ukunyanga imikhuhlane ngokukhawuleza
• ukuzilolonga ngononophelo
• ukuziqhelanisa nemilinganiselo yempilo elungileyo yentliziyo, kubandakanya nokutya ukutya okunezondlo
• ukugcina ukungena rhoqo kunye nogqirha okanye ingcali yentliziyo

Ukuthatha

Ngelixa i-SDS ihlala ingenanyango, ungathatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukusweleka ngesiquphe ukuba ufumana isifo phambi kwesiganeko esibulalayo.

Ukufumana isifo kunokutshintsha ubomi kwaye kubangele iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza ekusebenzeni nogqirha wakho, unokufuna ukuthetha nengcali yezempilo yengqondo malunga nemeko kunye nempilo yakho yengqondo. Banokukunceda ekuqhubeni iindaba kunye nokuhlangabezana notshintsho kwimeko yakho yezonyango.