Isifo seswekile esibaChaphazela njani abaseTyhini: Iimpawu, iingozi, kunye nokunye

Umxholo

• Iimpawu seswekile kwabasetyhini
• 1. Usulelo lobufazi kunye nolomlomo lwegwele kunye ne-thrush yangasese
• 2. Usulelo lomchamo
• 3. Ukungasebenzi ngokwesini kwabasetyhini
• 4. Isifo sePolycystic ovary syndrome
• Iimpawu kubo bobabini abasetyhini kunye nabesilisa
• Ukukhulelwa kunye nohlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile
• Isifo seswekile
• Imiba yomngcipheko weswekile kubafazi
• Unyango
• Amayeza
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Unyango olulolunye
• Iingxaki
• Imbonakalo

Isifo seswekile kwabasetyhini

Isifo seswekile liqela lezifo ze-metabolic apho umntu uneswekile ephezulu yegazi ngenxa yeengxaki zokulungisa okanye ukuvelisa i-insulin. Isifo seswekile sinokuchaphazela abantu nabuphi na ubudala, ubuhlanga, okanye isini. Inokuchaphazela abantu ngayo nayiphi na indlela yokuphila.

Phakathi kowe-1971 nowama-2000, izinga lokufa kwamadoda anesifo seswekile lehla, ngokutsho kwesifundo seAnnals of Internal Medicine. Oku kuncipha kubonakalisa inkqubela phambili kunyango lweswekile.

Kodwa isifundo sikwabonisa ukuba izinga lokufa kwabafazi abanesifo seswekile alizange liphucule. Ukongeza, umahluko kumanqanaba okusweleka phakathi kwabasetyhini abanesifo seswekile kunye nabo bangaphindanga kabini.

Izinga lokufa laliphezulu phakathi kwabasetyhini, kodwa kuye kwakho utshintsho kutshintsho lwesini kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ebonisa amazinga aphezulu emadodeni.

Iziphumo zigxininisa indlela isifo seswekile esichaphazela ngayo abantu basetyhini kunye namadoda ngokwahlukileyo. Izizathu zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Abasetyhini bahlala befumana unyango oluncinci kumngcipheko weentliziyo kunye neemeko ezinxulumene neswekile.
• Ezinye zeengxaki zesifo seswekile kwabasetyhini kunzima kakhulu ukuzifumanisa.
• Abasetyhini bahlala beneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sentliziyo kunamadoda.
• IiHormone kunye nokudumba kusebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwabasetyhini.

Ukusuka ku-2015 kufumanise ukuba e-United States i-11.7 yezigidi zabafazi kunye ne-11.3 yezigidi zamadoda kwafunyaniswa ukuba banesifo seswekile.

Iingxelo zehlabathi ezivela ku-2014 ngurhulumente zokuba beqikelelwa kwizigidi ezingama-422 zabantu abadala abaphila nesifo seswekile, ukusuka kwizigidi ezili-108 ezixeliweyo ngo-1980.

Iimpawu seswekile kwabasetyhini

Ukuba ungumfazi onesifo seswekile, unokufumana uninzi lweempawu ezifanayo nendoda. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu zahlukile kwabasetyhini. Ukuqonda ngakumbi ngezi mpawu kuya kukunceda uchonge isifo seswekile kwaye ufumane unyango kwangoko.

Iimpawu ezizodwa kwabasetyhini zibandakanya:

1. Usulelo lobufazi kunye nolomlomo lwegwele kunye ne-thrush yangasese

Ukugqithisa kwegwele okubangelwa yi UCandida ngundo kunokubangela usuleleko igwele lobufazi, usulelo lomlomo igwele, kunye thrush lobufazi. Ezi zifo ziqhelekileyo kubafazi.

Xa usulelo lukhula kwindawo yelungu lobufazi, iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukurhawuzelela
• Ukukhathazeka
• ukukhutshwa kwilungu lobufazi
• isini esibuhlungu

Usulelo lwegwele lomlomo luhlala lubangela ukutyabeka okumhlophe kulwimi nangaphakathi emlonyeni. Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini abangela ukukhula kokungunda.

2. Usulelo lomchamo

Umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTI) luphezulu kubafazi abanesifo seswekile. Ii-UTIs zikhula xa iibhaktheriya zingena kumchamo. Ezi zifo zingabangela:

• ukuchama kabuhlungu
• imvakalelo evuthayo
• umchamo wegazi okanye onamafu

Kukho umngcipheko wosulelo lwezintso ukuba ngaba ezi zimpawu azinyangwa.

Ii-UTIs ziqhelekile kubafazi abanesifo seswekile ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba amajoni omzimba abekwa esichengeni ngenxa yehyperglycemia.

3. Ukungasebenzi ngokwesini kwabasetyhini

Iswekile ye-neuropathy yenzeka xa iswekile ephezulu yegazi yonakalisa imicu ye-nerve. Oku kunokubangela ukurhawuzelela kunye nokulahleka kwemvakalelo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, kubandakanya:

• izandla
• iinyawo
• imilenze

Le meko inokuchaphazela uvakalelo kwindawo yelungu lobufazi kwaye yehlise isini sokuqhuba komfazi.

4. Isifo sePolycystic ovary syndrome

Esi sifo senzeka xa umntu evelisa inani elingaphezulu leehomoni eyindoda kwaye elungiselelwe ukufumana iPCOS. Iimpawu ze-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) zibandakanya:

• amaxesha angaqhelekanga
• ukutyeba kwakho
• induna
• ukudakumba
• ukungachumi

I-PCOS inokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-insulin lubangele amanqanaba eswekile egazi kwaye inyuse umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seswekile.

Iimpawu kubo bobabini abasetyhini kunye nabesilisa

Amadoda nabasetyhini banokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo zesifo seswekile esingafumanekiyo:

• ukwanda kwendlala kunye nendlala
• ukuchama rhoqo
• ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ukuzuza kungekho sizathu sicacileyo
• ukudinwa
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• amanxeba aphola kancinci
• isicaphucaphu
• usulelo lolusu
• amabala esikhumba esimnyama kwiindawo ezinemizimba
• ukucaphuka
• umphefumlo onephunga elimnandi, elineziqhamo, okanye eline-acetone
• Ukuncipha kwemvakalelo ezandleni nasezinyaweni

Kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba abantu abaninzi abanesifo seswekile sesibini abanazo iimpawu ezibonakalayo.

Ukukhulelwa kunye nohlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile

Abanye abantu basetyhini abanesifo seswekile bayazibuza ukuba ngaba ukukhulelwa kukhuselekile na. Iindaba ezimnandi kukuba unokukhulelwa okunempilo emva kokuba ufunyaniswe ukuba unohlobo lwe-1 okanye udidi lwesibini lweswekile. Kodwa kubalulekile ukulawula imeko yakho ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa ukunqanda iingxaki.

Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, kungcono ukufumana amanqanaba eglucose egazini kufutshane noluhlu lwakho ekujoliswe kulo ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Uluhlu lwakho ekujoliswe kulo xa ukhulelwe lunokwahluka kumanqanaba xa ungakhulelwanga.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile kwaye ukhulelwe okanye unethemba lokukhulelwa, thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela ezilungileyo zokulawula impilo yakho kunye neyomntwana wakho. Umzekelo, amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kunye nempilo ngokubanzi kufuneka ilandelwe ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.

Xa ukhulelwe, iglucose yegazi kunye neetone zihamba nge-placenta ziye emntwaneni. Iintsana zifuna amandla kwi-glucose njengawe. Kodwa iintsana zisengozini yokuzalwa ziziphene ukuba amanqanaba eglucose aphezulu kakhulu. Ukuhambisa iswekile ephezulu yegazi kwiintsana ezingekazalwa kubabeka emngciphekweni weemeko ezibandakanya:

• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso
• igazi elonyukayo

Isifo seswekile

Isifo seswekile sikamama sikhethekileyo kubafazi abakhulelweyo kwaye sahlukile kuhlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile. Isifo seswekile sikamama sivela malunga neepesenti ezingama-9.2 zokukhulelwa.

Iihomoni zokukhulelwa ziphazamisa indlela esebenza ngayo i-insulin. Oku kubangela ukuba umzimba wenze okungakumbi. Kodwa kubafazi abathile, oku akukonelanga kwi-insulin, kwaye baphuhlisa isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa.

Isifo seswekile sikamama ngokufuthi sikhula kamva xa ukhulelwe. Kwabasetyhini abaninzi, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa siyaphela emva kokukhulelwa. Ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, umngcipheko wohlobo lweswekile 2 uyanda. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uvavanywe isifo seswekile kunye ne-prediabetes qho emva kweminyaka embalwa.

Imiba yomngcipheko weswekile kubafazi

NgokweOfisi yezeMpilo yabaseTyhini (OWH) kwiSebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu, usengozini yohlobo lwesibini lweswekile ukuba:

• badala kune-45
• batyebe kakhulu okanye batyebe kakhulu
• Unembali yosapho yeswekile (umzali okanye umntakwenu)
• bangama-Afrika-baseMelika, amaMelika aseMelika, ama-Alaskan amaNative, amaSpanishi, ama-Asiya aseMelika, okanye amaHawaii aseMthonyama
• ndinomntwana onobunzima bokuzalwa obungaphezulu kweepawundi ezili-9
• ndinesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• une-cholesterol ephezulu
• ukuzilolonga ngaphantsi kwamaxesha amathathu ngeveki
• unezinye iimeko zempilo ezinxulunyaniswa neengxaki usebenzisa i-insulin, njengePCOS
• Unembali yesifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha

Unyango

Kuwo onke amabakala obomi, imizimba yabasetyhini ibonisa imiqobo yokulawula isifo seswekile kunye neswekile yegazi. Imiceli mngeni inokwenzeka ngenxa:

• Abanye iipilisi zokulawula inzala inokunyusa iswekile yegazi. Ukugcina inqanaba elisempilweni leswekile yegazi, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokutshintshela kwipilisi yolawulo lokuzalwa olunedosi esezantsi.
• Iswekile emzimbeni wakho inokubangela usulelo lwegwele. Kungenxa yokuba iswekile ikhawulezisa ukukhula kokungunda. Kukho amayeza angaphaya kwekhawuntari kunye nonyango lokunyanga usulelo lwegwele. Unokuphepha usulelo lwegwele ngokugcina ulawulo olungcono lweswekile yegazi lakho. Thatha i-insulin njengoko kumiselweyo, wenze umthambo rhoqo, unciphise ukutya okune-carb, ukhethe ukutya okune-glycemic ephantsi, kwaye ujonge iswekile egazini lakho.

Unokuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela okanye ukulibazisa isifo seswekile, thintela iingxaki kunye nokulawula iimpawu.

Amayeza

Kukho amayeza onokuwathatha ukulawula iimpawu kunye neengxaki zesifo seswekile. Uninzi lweeklasi ezintsha zonyango lwesifo seswekile ziyafumaneka, kodwa ezona zinto ziqhelekileyo ziqala amayeza zibandakanya:

• Unyango lwe-insulin kubo bonke abantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala
• metformin (Glucophage), ecutha iswekile yegazi

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda ukulawula isifo seswekile. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukwenza umthambo nokugcina ubunzima bomzimba osempilweni
• ukunqanda ukutshaya imidiza
• ukutya ukutya kugxile kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo
• ukubeka esweni iswekile yegazi lakho

Unyango olulolunye

Abasetyhini abanesifo seswekile banokuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula iimpawu zabo. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukuthatha izongezo ezifana ne-chromium okanye i-magnesium
• Ukutya ngakumbi i-broccoli, i-buckwheat, i-sage, i-ertyisi kunye nembewu ye-fenugreek
• ukuthatha izongezo zezityalo

Khumbula ukubonisana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuzama naluphi na unyango olutsha. Nokuba zezendalo, zinokuphazamisa unyango lwangoku okanye amayeza.

Iingxaki

Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeengxaki zihlala zibangelwa sisifo seswekile. Ezinye zeengxaki abanesifo seswekile ekufuneka bazi zibandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yokutya. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba iingxaki zokutya zixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abanesifo seswekile.
• Isifo sentliziyo. Abasetyhini abaninzi abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 sele benesifo sentliziyo xa kufunyaniswa (kwanabasetyhini abancinci).
• Iimeko zesikhumba. Oku kubandakanya usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lokungunda.
• Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo. Oku kungakhokelela kwintlungu, ukusasazeka okungahambanga kakuhle, okanye ukulahleka kwemvakalelo kumalungu achaphazelekayo.
• Ukonakala kwamehlo. Olu phawu lunokubangela ubumfama.
• Umonakalo wonyawo. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, oku kunokubangela ukuba unqunyulwe.

Imbonakalo

Akukho lunyango lweswekile. Emva kokuba ufunyaniswe, unokulawula kuphela iimpawu zakho.

Kufunyenwe ukuba abafazi abanesifo seswekile banamathuba angama-40 okusweleka ngenxa yesi sifo.

Olu pho nonongo lufumanise ukuba abo bane-1 yeswekile banolindelo olufutshane kunoluntu ngokubanzi. Abantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala banokubona ukuba ubomi babo buyehla ngeminyaka engama-20, kwaye abo bane-2 yeswekile banokuyibona iyathoba ngeminyaka eli-10.

Iindidi zamayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kunye nolunye unyango lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula impilo yonke. Dibana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuqala naluphi na unyango, nokuba ucinga ukuba akhuselekile.

Funda eli nqaku ngeSpanish.