Iimpawu ezili-10 zoSuleleko lweMiphunga

Umxholo

• Zenzeka njani izifo
• Iimpawu
• 1. Isikhohlela esivelisa amafinyila angqindilili
• 2. Ukuhlaba iintlungu zesifuba
• 3. Umkhuhlane
• 4. Iintlungu zomzimba
• 5. Impumlo ebalekayo
• 6. Umphefumlo omfutshane
• 7. Ukudinwa
• 8. Ukubhuza
• 9. Ukubonakala okuluhlaza okwesikhumba okanye kwemilebe
• 10. Izandi ezixokozelayo okanye ezixokozelayo emiphungeni
• Oonobangela
• Uxilongo
• Unyango
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Iintsana
• Abantwana
• Abantu abadala
• Uthintelo
• Umgca wezantsi

Usulelo lwemiphunga lunokubangelwa yintsholongwane, ibhaktiriya, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokuba ngundo.

Olunye lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo losulelo lwemiphunga kuthiwa yinyumoniya. I-pneumonia, echaphazela iingxowa zomoya ezincinci zemiphunga, zihlala zibangelwa ziintsholongwane, kodwa zisenokubangelwa yintsholongwane. Umntu wosulelwa ngokuphefumla ibhaktiriya okanye intsholongwane emva kokuba umntu osulelweyo ethimla okanye ekhohlela.

Zenzeka njani izifo

Xa iityhubhu ezinkulu ezihambisa umoya ukuya nasemiphungeni yakho zosulelwa, ibizwa ngokuba yi-bronchitis. I-bronchitis kunokwenzeka ukuba ibangelwe yintsholongwane kunentsholongwane.

Iintsholongwane zinokuhlasela imiphunga okanye iivesi zomoya ezikhokelela kwimiphunga. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-bronchiolitis. I-bronchiolitis yentsholongwane ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana.

Izifo ezinjenge-pneumonia zihlala zincinci, kodwa zinokuba zibi, ngakumbi kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye iimeko ezingapheliyo, ezifana nesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmonary disease (COPD).

Funda ukuze ufunde ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zosulelo lwemiphunga kwaye loluphi unyango onokulindela ukuba unayo.

Iimpawu

Iimpawu zosulelo lwemiphunga ziyahluka ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya iminyaka yakho kunye nempilo iyonke, nokuba ingaba usulelo lubangelwa yintsholongwane, ibhaktiriya okanye ukungunda. Iimpawu zinokufana nezo zomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, kodwa zihlala zihlala ixesha elide.

Ukuba unesifo semiphunga, nazi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onokuzilindela:

1. Isikhohlela esivelisa amafinyila angqindilili

Ukukhohlela kunceda ukukhupha umzimba wakho kwi-mucus eveliswe kukudumba komoya kunye nemiphunga. Le ncindi inokuba negazi.

Nge-bronchitis okanye i-pneumonia, unokukhohlela okuvelisa i-mucus engqindilili enokuba nombala ocacileyo, kubandakanya:

• kucace
• mhlophe
• luhlaza
• mthubi-ngwevu

Isikhohlela sinokuhlala iiveki ezimbalwa nasemva kokuba ezinye iimpawu ziphuculwe.

2. Ukuhlaba iintlungu zesifuba

Intlungu yesifuba ebangelwa lusulelo lwemiphunga ihlala ichazwa njengokubukhali okanye ukugwaza. Intlungu yesifuba iyancipha xa ukhohlela okanye uphefumla nzulu. Ngamanye amaxesha iintlungu ezibukhali zinokuviwa embindini ukuya phezulu ngasemva.

3. Umkhuhlane

Umkhuhlane wenzeka xa umzimba wakho uzama ukulwa usulelo. Ubushushu bomzimba obuqhelekileyo buqheleke nge-98.6 ° F (37 ° C).

Ukuba unentsholongwane yebhakteria, umkhuhlane wakho ungakhuphuka uphezulu njenge-105 ° F (40.5 ° C) eyingozi.

Nawuphi na umkhuhlane ophezulu ongaphezulu kwe-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) uhlala uneziphumo ezininzi, ezinje:

• ukubila
• Ukugodola
• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ubuthathaka

Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuba umkhuhlane wakho ungaphezulu kwe-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) okanye ukuba uhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu.

4. Iintlungu zomzimba

Imisipha yakho kunye nomqolo unokuba buhlungu xa unentsholongwane yemiphunga. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-myalgia. Ngamanye amaxesha unokukhulisa ukudumba kwiimisipha zakho ezinokuthi zikhokelele kubuhlungu bomzimba xa unesifo.

5. Impumlo ebalekayo

Impumlo evuzayo kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, njengokuthimla, zihlala zihamba nosulelo lwemiphunga njenge-bronchitis.

6. Umphefumlo omfutshane

Ukuphefumla kancinci kuthetha ukuba uziva ngathi ukuphefumla kunzima okanye awunako ukuphefumla ngokupheleleyo. Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwangoko ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.

7. Ukudinwa

Uya kuhlala uziva udangele kwaye udiniwe njengoko umzimba wakho ulwa nosulelo. Ukuphumla kubalulekile ngeli xesha.

8. Ukubhuza

Xa ukhupha umoya, unokuva isandi sokubetha impempe esaziwa ngokuba yi-wheezing. Esi sisiphumo somoya omncinci okanye ukudumba.

9. Ukubonakala okuluhlaza okwesikhumba okanye kwemilebe

Imilebe okanye iinzipho zakho zingaqala ukubonakala ziluhlaza kancinci ngombala ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini.

10. Izandi ezixokozelayo okanye ezixokozelayo emiphungeni

Esinye sezibonakaliso zesifo somphunga sisandi esivakalayo kwisiseko semiphunga, esaziwa nangokuthi yi-bibasilar crackles. Ugqirha unokuva ezi zandi usebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-stethoscope.

Oonobangela

I-bronchitis, inyumoniya, kunye ne-bronchiolitis ziintlobo ezintathu zosulelo lwemiphunga. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibangelwa yintsholongwane okanye ibhaktheriya.

Ii-microorganisms eziqhelekileyo ezijongene ne-bronchitis ziquka:

• iintsholongwane ezinjenge-virus yomkhuhlane okanye intsholongwane yokuphefumula ye-syncytial virus (RSV)
• iintsholongwane ezinje Mycoplasma pneumoniae, I-Chlamydia pneumoniae, kunye IBordetella pertussis

Ii-microorganisms eziqhelekileyo ezijongene ne-pneumonia ziquka:

• iintsholongwane ezinje IStreptococcus pneumonia (ezixhaphake kakhulu), Haemophilus influenzae, kunye Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• iintsholongwane ezinjengeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane okanye i-RSV

Rhoqo, usulelo lwemiphunga lunokubangelwa ngumngundo onje IPneumocystis jirovecii, I-Aspergillus, okanye Imbali yeplasma capsulatum.

Usulelo lwemiphunga lokungunda luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abagonyelwe ukungakhuseleki emzimbeni, nokuba zivela kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza okanye i-HIV okanye ekuthatheni iyeza lokuzikhusela emzimbeni.

Uxilongo

Ugqirha uya kuqala athathe imbali yonyango kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho. Unokubuzwa imibuzo malunga nomsebenzi wakho, uhambo lwakutsha nje, okanye ukubonakaliswa kwezilwanyana. Ugqirha uya kulinganisa iqondo lobushushu bakho kwaye umamele esifubeni sakho nge-stethoscope ukujonga izandi eziqhekezayo.

Ezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokufumanisa usulelo lwemiphunga zibandakanya:

• ukucinga, njenge-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan
• i-spirometry, isixhobo esilinganisa ukuba ungakanani kwaye ukhawuleza kangakanani ukuthatha umoya ngokuphefumla ngakunye
• ukubetha i-oximetry ukulinganisa inqanaba leoksijini egazini lakho
• ukuthatha isampuli yencindi okanye ukuphuma kwempumlo kuvavanyo oluthe kratya
• swab yomqala
• ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC)
• inkcubeko yegazi

Unyango

Usulelo lwebhakteria ludla ngokufuna i-antibiotics ukuze luyicime. Usulelo lwefungal lung luza kufuna unyango ngamayeza okubola, anje nge ketoconazole okanye voriconazole.

I-Antibiotics ayiyi kusebenza kwizifo zentsholongwane. Uninzi lwexesha, kuya kufuneka ulinde de umzimba wakho ulwe nosulelo uwedwa.

Okwangoku, unokunceda umzimba wakho ukuba ulwe nosulelo kwaye uzenze ukhululeke ngakumbi ngezi ndlela zononophelo lwasekhaya zilandelayo:

• thatha i-acetaminophen okanye ibuprofen ukunciphisa umkhuhlane
• usele amanzi amaninzi
• zama iti eshushu ngobusi okanye ijinja
• gargle amanzi etyuwa
• phumla kangangoko
• sebenzisa i-humidifier ukwenza ukufuma emoyeni
• thatha nasiphi na isibulala-ntsholongwane esimiselweyo de simke

Ukufumana izifo ezinzulu zemiphunga, unokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ngexesha lokufumana kwakho. Ngexesha lokuhlala kwakho, unokufumana i-antibiotics, i-intravenous fluid, kunye nonyango lokuphefumla ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Usulelo lwemiphunga lunokuba lubi xa lunganyangwa. Ngokubanzi, bona ugqirha ukuba ukhohlokhohlo luhlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezintathu, okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla. Ungabhukisha idinga nogqirha kwindawo yakho usebenzisa isixhobo seHealthline FindCare.

Umkhuhlane unokuthetha izinto ezahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke kubudala bakho. Ngokubanzi, kuya kufuneka ulandele ezi zikhokelo:

Iintsana

Jonga ugqirha ukuba usana lwakho:

• Ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-3, ngamaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6, kukho umkhuhlane ongaphezulu ko-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) kwaye ubonakala unomsindo ngokungaqhelekanga, uyadimazeka, okanye ungonwabanga
• phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezingama-24, nomkhuhlane ongaphezu kwe-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24

Abantwana

Jonga ugqirha ukuba umntwana wakho:

• unefiva engaphezu kwe-102.2 ° F (38.9 ° C)
• akanankathalo okanye uyacaphuka, uhlanza ngokuphindaphindiweyo, okanye unentloko ebuhlungu
• unefiva ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu
• unesifo esibuhlungu kwezonyango okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka
• kutshanje uye kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo

Abantu abadala

Kuya kufuneka wenze idinga lokubonana nogqirha ukuba:

• banobushushu bomzimba ngaphezulu kwe-103 ° F (39.4 ° C)
• ndinomkhuhlane ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu
• unesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela
• kutshanje ndikwilizwe elisaphuhlayo

Kuya kufuneka ufune unyango olungxamisekileyo kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane okanye ubize umnxeba ku-911 ukuba umkhuhlane uhamba kunye nazo naziphi na ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ukudideka engqondweni
• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• Intamo elukhuni
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukuxhuzula
• ukugabha okungapheliyo
• ukungaqhelekanga kwesikhumba
• nemibono
• ukukhala okungathethekiyo ebantwaneni

Ukuba unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kwaye uhlakulela umkhuhlane, ukuphefumla okufutshane, okanye ukukhwehlela okuzisa igazi, khangela unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Uthintelo

Ayizizo zonke izifo zomphunga ezinokuthintelwa, kodwa ungawunciphisa umngcipheko ngezi ngcebiso zilandelayo:

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo
• kuphephe ukubamba ubuso okanye umlomo
• thintela ukwabelana ngezinto, ukutya, okanye iziselo nabanye abantu
• kuphephe ukuba kwiindawo ezixineneyo apho intsholongwane inokusasazeka lula
• ungatshayi icuba
• ufumane umkhuhlane odubulekayo minyaka le ukuthintela usulelo lomkhuhlane

Kulabo basemngciphekweni omkhulu, eyona ndlela yokuthintela inyumoniya yentsholongwane kwezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zebhaktheriya yenye yezigonyo ezimbini:

• I-PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
• PPSV23 ugonyo lwe-pneumococcal polysaccharide

Ezi zitofu ziyacetyiswa ukuba:

• iintsana
• abadala abadala
• abantu abatshayayo
• abo baneemeko zempilo ezingapheliyo

Umgca wezantsi

Usulelo lwemiphunga lubangela iimpawu ezifana nokubanda okanye umkhuhlane, kodwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide.

Amajoni akho omzimba aya kukwazi ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane emva kwexesha. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo lwemiphunga ebangelwa ziintsholongwane.

Jonga ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unayo:

• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwimilebe yakho okanye eminwe yakho
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ifiva ephezulu
• khohlela nge-mucus eya isiba mandundu

Abantu abadala kunama-65, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2, kunye nabantu abaneemeko zempilo ezingapheliyo okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka kufuneka bafune unyango ngoko nangoko xa befumana naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo lwemiphunga.