Ukushuka

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Ngaba i-tan ingaba yimpilo?
• Yintoni imitha ye-UV, kwaye iluchaphazela njani ulusu?
• Yeyiphi imingcipheko yempilo yokushuka?
• Kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukukhusela ulusu lwam kwimitha ye-UV?
• Ngaba ukhuselo lwangaphakathi endlwini alukhuselekanga kunokususwa elangeni?
• Ngaba zikho iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokujonga itan?

Isishwankathelo

Ngaba i-tan ingaba yimpilo?

Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ulusu lubanika ukukhanya okunempilo. Kodwa ukushuka, nokuba kungaphandle okanye ngaphakathi ngebhedi yokuqhafaza, akunampilo kwaphela. Ikubeka kwimitha eyingozi kwaye ikubeka emngciphekweni weengxaki zempilo ezinje nge-melanoma kunye neminye imihlaza yomhlaza.

Yintoni imitha ye-UV, kwaye iluchaphazela njani ulusu?

Ukukhanya kwelanga kuhamba emhlabeni njengomxube wemitha ebonakalayo kunye nengabonakaliyo. Eminye imitha ayinabungozi ebantwini. Kodwa uhlobo olunye, imitha ye-UV (UV), inokubangela iingxaki. Luhlobo lwemitha. Imitha ye-UV iyanceda umzimba wakho wenze ivithamin D, kodwa ukubonakaliswa kakhulu kukonakalisa ulusu lwakho. Uninzi lwabantu lunokufumana ivithamini D abayifunayo kwimizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-15 kuphela yokutshiswa lilanga kabini kathathu ngeveki.

Zintathu iintlobo zemitha ye-UV. Ezimbini zazo, i-UVA kunye ne-UVB, zinokufikelela kumphezulu womhlaba kwaye zichaphazele ulusu lwakho. Sebenzisa ibhedi yokutsala kwakhona ikubhengeza kwi-UVA nakwi-UVB.

Imitha ye-UVB inokubangela ukutshiswa lilanga. Imitha ye-UVA inokuhamba ngokunzulu kulusu kunemitha ye-UVB. Xa ulusu lwakho luvezwa kwi-UVA, izama ukuzikhusela kulomonakalo ungaphezulu. Ikwenza oku ngokwenza i-melanin engaphezulu, leyo sisikhumba sombala esenza ulusu lwakho lube mnyama. Yiloo nto ekunika i-tan. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-tan luphawu lokonakaliswa kolusu.

Yeyiphi imingcipheko yempilo yokushuka?

Kuba ukushuka kuthetha ukuvezwa kakhulu kwimitha ye-UV, kunokonakalisa ulusu lwakho kwaye kubangele iingxaki zempilo ezinje

• Ukwaluphala kolusu ngaphambi kwexesha, ezinokubangela ulusu lwakho luqine, lube lukhuni, kwaye lishwabane. Unokuba namabala amnyama kulusu lwakho. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ixesha elide kwimitha ye-UV yenza ukuba ulusu lwakho lungabi lula. Ukukhanya kwelanga okukhona unakho, ngaphambili ulusu lwakho ludala.
• Umhlaza wolusu, kubandakanya melanoma. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya kwe-UV konakalisa i-DNA yeeseli zesikhumba sakho kwaye kuphazamise amandla omzimba wakho wokulwa nomhlaza.
• I-keratosis esebenzayo, isikhumba esityebileyo, esinamaxolo esikhumba esihlala senziwe kwiindawo ezichanekileyo elangeni, njengasebusweni, entlonzeni, ngasemva kwezandla, okanye esifubeni. Inokuba ngumhlaza ekugqibeleni.
• Ukonakala kwamehlo, kubandakanya i-cataract kunye ne-photokeratitis (ukungaboni kwekhephu)
• Amajoni omzimba abuthathaka, ezinokunyusa uvakalelo lwakho elangeni, zinciphise iziphumo zokugonya, kwaye zibangele ukuba uphendule kumayeza athile.

Kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukukhusela ulusu lwam kwimitha ye-UV?

• Nciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Zama ukuphuma elangeni phakathi kwe-10 kusasa kunye ne-4 emva kwemini, xa imitha yayo yomelele. Kodwa khumbula ukuba usafumana ukukhanya kwelanga xa ungaphandle ngeentsuku ezinamafu okanye usemthunzini.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ngezinto zokukhusela ilanga (SPF) ezili-15 okanye ngaphezulu. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ibe siscreen selanga esibanzi, esithetha ukuba sikunika ukhuseleko lwe-UVA kunye ne-UVB. Ukuba unesikhumba esikhanyayo, sebenzisa i-SPF 30 okanye ngaphezulu. Faka i-sunscreen kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuba uye ngaphandle uyisebenzise kwakhona iiyure ezimbini.
• Nxiba iiglasi zelanga iibhloko zombini i-UVA kunye nemitha ye-UVB. Ukurhangqa ngeenxa zonke izibuko zelanga zisebenza kakuhle kuba zithintela imitha ye-UV ekungeneni ecaleni.
• Thwala umnqwazi. Ungalufumana olona khuseleko lubalaseleyo ngesinqwazi esinebhanti ebanzi eyenziwe ngelaphu eliboshwe ngokuqinileyo, njenge-canvas.
• Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela ezifana neehempe ezinemikhono emide neebhulukhwe ezinde neziketi. Iimpahla ezenziwe ngelaphu eliboshwe ngokuqinileyo zinika olona khuseleko lubalaseleyo.

Kukwabalulekile ukujonga ulusu lwakho kanye ngenyanga. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na indawo entsha okanye etshintshayo okanye i-moles, yiya kubona umboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Ngaba ukhuselo lwangaphakathi endlwini alukhuselekanga kunokususwa elangeni?

Ulusu lwangaphakathi alungcono kunokusukelwa lilanga; ikwaveza kwimitha ye-UV kwaye yonakalisa ulusu lwakho. Iibhedi zokutsala zisebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UVA, ke zikubhenca kukukhanya okuphezulu kwemitha ye-UVA kunokuba ubunokuyifumana ngokutshuka elangeni. Izibane eziluhlaza zikubhengeza kwimitha ye-UVB.

Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ukufumana i "base tan" kwindawo yokucheba kunokukukhusela xa usiya elangeni. Kodwa i "base tan" yenza umonakalo kulusu lwakho kwaye ayizukukuthintela ekutshisweni lilanga xa uphuma phandle.

Ukushuka ngaphakathi kuyingozi ngakumbi kubantu abancinci. Unomngcipheko ophezulu we-melanoma ukuba uqale ukwenza ukuthungwa kwangaphakathi xa uselula okanye umntu osemdala.

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ukushuka rhoqo kunokuba ngumlutha. Oku kunokuba yingozi kuba xa uhlala u-tan, umonakalo owenzayo ulusu.

Ngaba zikho iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokujonga itan?

Kukho ezinye iindlela zokujonga i-tan, kodwa azikhuselekanga zonke:

• Iipilisi zokushuka ube nesongezelelo sombala esenza ukuba ulusu lwakho luorenji emva kokuba uzithathile. Kodwa banokuba yingozi kwaye abavunyelwanga yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
• Tanners ezingenelanga awunabungozi bokuba nomhlaza wolusu, kodwa kufuneka ulumke. Uninzi lweetani zokutshiza, i-lotions, kunye neegel zisebenzisa i-DHA, isongezo sombala esenza ulusu lwakho lubukeke lumnyama. I-DHA ithathwa njengekhuselekileyo ukuba isetyenziswe ngaphandle komzimba wakho yi-FDA. Kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ayingeni empumlweni, emehlweni, okanye emlonyeni. Ukuba usebenzisa i-tan yesitshizi, lumka ungaphefumli kwisitshizi. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba ezi "tans" azikukhuseli kwimitha ye-UV xa uphumela ngaphandle.