Ubume beNkqubo ye-Endocrine

Umxholo

• Umsebenzi wenkqubo ye-Endocrine
• Inkqubo yenkqubo ye-Endocrine
• Inkqubo ye-endocrine hormone
• Umzobo wenkqubo ye-Endocrine
• Iimeko ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-endocrine
• Hyperthyroidism
• IHypothyroidism
• Isifo seCushing
• Isifo iAddison
• Seswekile
• Umgca wezantsi

Inkqubo ye-endocrine yinethiwekhi yamadlala kunye nezitho ezikhoyo kuwo wonke umzimba. Iyafana nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kuba idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni nasekulawuleni uninzi lwemisebenzi yomzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa inkqubo yemithambo-luvo isebenzisa iimpembelelo zemithambo-luvo kunye nee-neurotransmitters kunxibelelwano, inkqubo ye-endocrine isebenzisa abathunywa bemichiza ababizwa ngokuba ziihomoni.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga nenkqubo ye-endocrine, into eyenzayo, kunye neehomoni ezivelisayo.

Umsebenzi wenkqubo ye-Endocrine

Inkqubo ye-endocrine inoxanduva lokulawula uluhlu lwemisebenzi yomzimba ngokukhutshwa kwehomoni.

IiHormone zifihlwa ngamadlala enkqubo ye-endocrine, ehamba ngegazi ukuya kumalungu ahlukeneyo kunye nezicubu emzimbeni. Iihormoni emva koko zixelela la malungu kunye nezicubu ukuba zenzeni okanye zisebenze njani.

Eminye imizekelo yemisebenzi yomzimba elawulwa yinkqubo ye-endocrine ibandakanya:

• imetabolism
• ukukhula nokukhula
• umsebenzi wesondo kunye nokuzala kwakhona
• inqanaba lentliziyo
• ifuthe legazi
• ukutya
• imijikelo yokulala nokuvuka
• ubushushu bomzimba

Inkqubo yenkqubo ye-Endocrine

Inkqubo ye-endocrine yenziwe ngothungelwano oluntsonkothileyo lwamadlala, angamalungu akhupha izinto.

Amadlala enkqubo ye-endocrine kulapho kwenziwa khona, kugcinwa, kwaye kukhutshwe iihomoni. Idlala ngalinye livelisa ihomoni enye okanye nangaphezulu, eziya kuthi zijolise kumalungu athile kunye nezicubu emzimbeni.

Amadlala kwinkqubo yonyango ibandakanya:

• IHypothalamus. Ngelixa abanye abantu bengayithathi njenge-gland, i-hypothalamus ivelisa iihomoni ezininzi ezilawula i-pituitary gland. Ikwabandakanyeka kulawulo lwemisebenzi emininzi, kubandakanya imijikelezo yokulala, ubushushu bomzimba kunye nokutya. Inokulawula umsebenzi wamanye amadlala endocrine.
• Ubomi. Idlala lengqula libekwe ezantsi kwehypothalamus. Iihomoni ezivelisayo zichaphazela ukukhula kunye nokuzala kwakhona. Banokulawula umsebenzi wamanye amadlala endocrine.
• Amanqatha. Eli dlala lifumaneka embindini wengqondo yakho. Kubalulekile kwimijikelezo yakho yokulala.
• Idlala lengqula. Idlala lengqula libekwe kwindawo engaphambili yentamo yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwimetabolism.
• IParathyroid. Ikwakhona ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, i-parathyroid gland ibalulekile ekugcineni ulawulo lwamanqanaba e-calcium emathanjeni nasegazini.
• Thymus. Ifunyenwe kwi-torso ephezulu, i-thymus iyasebenza de ibe kwinqanaba lokufikisa kwaye ivelise iihomoni ezibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lohlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-T cell.
• Adrenal. Enye ye-adrenal gland inokufumaneka ngaphezulu kwentliziyo nganye. Ezi ndlala zivelisa iihormone ezibalulekileyo kulawulo lwemisebenzi efana noxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokuphendula koxinzelelo.
• Iipancreas. Ipancreas ifumaneka esiswini sakho emva kwesisu sakho. Umsebenzi we-endocrine kubandakanya ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Ezinye izigulane ze-endocrine nazo zinemisebenzi engapheliyo. Umzekelo, ii-ovari kunye ne-testes zivelisa iihormoni, kodwa zikwanomsebenzi ongapheliyo we-endocrine wokuvelisa amaqanda kunye nesidoda, ngokulandelelana.

Inkqubo ye-endocrine hormone

IiHormone ziikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa yinkqubo ye-endocrine ukuthumela imiyalezo kwizitho kunye nakwizicubu emzimbeni wonke. Nje ukuba bakhululwe bangene kwigazi, baya kwilungu ekujoliswe kulo okanye kwizihlunu, ezinee-receptors ezamkelayo nezisabela kwincindi yedlala.

Apha ngezantsi kukho imizekelo yehomoni eveliswa yinkqubo ye-endocrine.

Umzobo wenkqubo ye-Endocrine

Jonga umzobo onxibelelanayo we-3-D apha ngezantsi ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngenkqubo ye-endocrine.

Iimeko ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-endocrine

Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqanaba ehomoni angaphakama kakhulu okanye asezantsi kakhulu. Xa oku kusenzeka, kunokuba nefuthe elithile kwimpilo yakho. Iimpawu kunye neempawu zixhomekeke kwihomoni engalinganiyo.

Nanku ukujonga kwezinye iimeko ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-endocrine kwaye utshintshe amanqanaba akho ehomoni.

Hyperthyroidism

I-Hyperthyroidism yenzeka xa i-thyroid gland yenza i-hormone ye-thyroid engaphezulu kunokuba iyimfuneko. Oku kunokubangelwa luluhlu lwezinto, kubandakanya iimeko ezizimeleyo.

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-hyperthyroidism zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• uvalo
• ukuhla ukusinda
• urhudo
• imiba ebekezelela ubushushu
• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• ingxaki yokulala

Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni inzima kangakanani imeko, kunye nesizathu sayo. Izinketho zibandakanya amayeza, unyango lwe-radioiodine, okanye utyando.

Isifo samangcwaba kukuphazamiseka komzimba kunye nefom eqhelekileyo yehyperthyroidism. Kubantu abanesifo samangcwaba, amajoni omzimba ahlasela idlala lengqula, elibangela ukuba ivelise idlala lengqula elininzi kunesiqhelo.

IHypothyroidism

I-Hypothyroidism yenzeka xa idlala lengqula lakho lingavelisi ngokwaneleyo idlala lengqula. Njenge-hyperthyroidism, inezizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela.

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-hypothyroidism zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukutyeba kwakho
• ukuqhina
• imiba yokunyamezela ukubanda
• ulusu olomileyo neenwele
• ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci
• amaxesha angaqhelekanga
• Imiba yokuzala

Unyango lwe-hypothyroidism lubandakanya ukongeza ihomoni yakho ye-thyroid ngamayeza.

Isifo seCushing

I-Cushing syndrome yenzeka ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu e-hormone ye-cortisol.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeCushing syndrome zibandakanya:

• ukutyeba kwakho
• iidipozithi ezinamafutha ebusweni, phakathi, okanye emagxeni
• Ukolula amanqaku, ngakumbi kwiingalo, emathangeni, nasesiswini
• ukuphilisa kancinci ukusika, ukukrwela, kunye nokulunywa zizinambuzane
• ulusu olucekeceke olukruneka ngokulula
• amaxesha angaqhelekanga
• kunciphise ukuqhuba ngesondo kunye nokuzala emadodeni

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sale meko kwaye lunokubandakanya amayeza, unyango ngemitha, okanye utyando.

Isifo iAddison

Isifo iAddison senzeka xa amadlala akho eadrenal engavelisi ngokwaneleyo i-cortisol okanye i-aldosterone. Ezinye iimpawu zesifo iAddison zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukuhla ukusinda
• intlungu zesisu
• iswekile esezantsi yegazi
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• urhudo
• ukucaphuka
• Ukulangazelela ityuwa okanye ukutya okunetyiwa
• amaxesha angaqhelekanga

Unyango lwesifo iAddison kubandakanya ukuthatha amayeza anceda ukubuyisela iihormones umzimba wakho ongazivelisi ngokwaneleyo.

Seswekile

Isifo seswekile sibhekisa kwimeko apho amanqanaba eswekile yegazi engalawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile bane-glucose eninzi egazini labo (iswekile ephezulu yegazi). Zimbini iintlobo zeswekile: uhlobo lweswekile 1 kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile.

Ezinye zeempawu zesifo seswekile zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukwanda kwendlala okanye ukunxanwa
• Ukuhlala urhalela ukuchama
• ukucaphuka
• usulelo rhoqo

Unyango lwesifo seswekile lunokubandakanya ukujonga iswekile yegazi, unyango lwe-insulin, kunye namayeza. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, njengokufumana umthambo rhoqo kunye nokutya ukutya okunezondlo, kunokunceda.

Umgca wezantsi

Inkqubo ye-endocrine yingqokelela entsonkothileyo yamadlala kunye nezitho ezinceda ukulawula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba. Oku kufezekiswa ngokukhutshwa kwehomoni, okanye abathunywa bemichiza obuveliswe yinkqubo ye-endocrine.