Iindidi ze-insulin: zezazo kunye nendlela yokufaka isicelo

Umxholo

• 1. Ukusebenza kancinci okanye ixesha elide kwi-insulin
• 2. I-insulin yesenzo esiphakathi
• 3. I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza
• 4. I-insulin ekhawulezayo esebenza ngokukhawuleza
• Iimpawu zohlobo ngalunye lwe-insulin
• Uyifaka njani i-insulin

I-insulin yihomoni ngokwendalo eveliswa ngumzimba ukulawula amanqanaba eglucose egazini, kodwa xa ingaveliswanga ngokwaneleyo okanye xa umsebenzi wayo uncitshisiwe, njengakwisifo seswekile, kunganyanzeleka ukuba kusetyenziswe i-insulin eyenziweyo nenokufakwa inaliti.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-insulin eyenziweyo, elinganisa isenzo sehomoni yendalo mzuzu ngamnye wosuku, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngenaliti yemihla ngemihla kulusu ngeesirinji, iipeni okanye iimpompo ezincinci ezizodwa.

I-insulin eyenziweyo inceda ukubuyisela amanqanaba eglucose egazini kwaye ivumela isifo seswekile ukuba sigcine ubomi obusempilweni kwaye siphephe iingxaki zesifo seswekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufuneka kuqaliswe ngokubonisa ugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye i-endocrinologist, njengohlobo lwe-insulin ekufuneka isetyenzisiwe, kunye namaxabiso ayo ayahluka ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili ze-insulin ziyahluka ngokwexesha lesenzo kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe nini:

1. Ukusebenza kancinci okanye ixesha elide kwi-insulin

Inokwaziwa njengeDetemir, iDeglutega okanye iGlggina, umzekelo, kwaye ihlala usuku lonke. Olu hlobo lwe-insulin lusetyenziselwa ukugcina umlinganiselo we-insulin egazini, olinganisa isiseko, kunye nokuncinci, i-insulin imini yonke.

Okwangoku, kukho ii-insulini ezihamba kancinci, ezinokuthi zisebenze iintsuku ezi-2, ezinokuthi zinciphise inani lokulunywa kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi weswekile.

2. I-insulin yesenzo esiphakathi

Olu hlobo lwe-insulin lwaziwa njenge-NPH, iLenta okanye i-NPL kwaye lusebenza malunga nesiqingatha sosuku, phakathi kweeyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24. Inokulinganisa isiseko se-insulin yendalo, kodwa kufuneka isetyenziswe kathathu ukuya kathathu ngemini, kuxhomekeke kwisixa esifunekayo kumntu ngamnye, kunye nokhokelo lukagqirha.

3. I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza

Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-insulin rhoqo yi-insulin ekufuneka isetyenziswe malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya okuphambili, ihlala iphindwe kathathu ngemini, kwaye iyanceda ukugcina amanqanaba eglucose emva kokutya.

Amagama ezorhwebo awaziwayo kolu hlobo lwe-insulin nguHumulin R okanye uNovolin R.

4. I-insulin ekhawulezayo esebenza ngokukhawuleza

Luhlobo lwe-insulin olunefuthe elikhawulezileyo kwaye, ke, kufuneka isetyenziswe kwangoko ngaphambi kokutya okanye, kwezinye iimeko, kungekudala emva kokutya, uxelisa isenzo se-insulin eveliswayo xa sitya ukuthintela amanqanaba eswekile ngaphakathi igazi lihlala liphezulu.

Amagama aphambili kurhwebo yiLispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novorapid, FIASP) okanye iGlulisine (Apidra).

Iimpawu zohlobo ngalunye lwe-insulin

Iimpawu ezahlula ezona ntlobo ziphambili ze-insulin zezi:

Ukuqala kwesenzo se-insulin kungqinelana nexesha elithathayo lokuba i-insulin iqale ukusebenza emva kolawulo kwaye incopho yesenzo lixesha apho i-insulin ifikelela kwisenzo sayo esiphezulu.

Abanye abantu abanesifo seswekile banokufuna ukukhawulezisa ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwenza amalungiselelo e-insulin, abizwa ngokuba yi-premixed insulin, enje ngeHumulin 70/30 okanye iHumalog Mix, umzekelo, ukulawula isifo kwaye sihlala sisetyenziselwa ukwenza ukusetyenziswa kwaso kunye nokunciphisa Inani lokulunywa, ngakumbi ngabantu abadala okanye abo banobunzima bokulungiselela i-insulin ngenxa yeengxaki zemoto okanye umbono. Ukuqala kwesenzo, ubude bexesha kunye nokuphakama kuxhomekeke kwi-insulins ezenza lo mxube, kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngosuku.

Ukongeza kwiinaliti ze-insulin ezinikezwe ngepeni ekhethekileyo okanye isirinji, ungasebenzisa kwakhona impompo ye-insulin, esisixhobo se-elektroniki esihlala sixhumene nomzimba kwaye sikhuphe i-insulin kangangeeyure ezingama-24, kwaye ivumela ulawulo olungcono kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi. isifo seswekile, kwaye inokusetyenziselwa abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, ihlala ikuluhlobo lweswekile 1. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa kunye nokufumana impompo ye-insulin.

Uyifaka njani i-insulin

Ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-insulin ukuze lusebenze, kubalulekile ukulusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye oku kuyimfuneko:

1. Yenza ulusu oluncinci eluswini, ngaphambi kokuba unike inaliti, ukuze ingene kummandla ongaphantsi;
2. Faka inaliti perpendicular ulusu kunye amayeza;
3. Vary iisayithi zokutofa, phakathi kwengalo, ithanga kunye nesisu kwaye kwezi ndawo kubalulekile ukujikeleza, ukunqanda ukugruzuka kunye ne-lipohypertrophy.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukugcina i-insulin, ukuyigcina efrijini ide ivulwe kwaye emva kokuba iphakheji ivuliwe kufuneka ikhuselwe elangeni nakubushushu kwaye akufuneki isetyenziselwe ngaphezulu kwenyanga enye. Ukuziqonda ngcono iinkcukacha zendlela yokufaka i-insulin.