Idlala lengqula xa ukhulelwe: utshintsho oluphambili kunye nokhathalelo

Umxholo

• 1. IHypothyroidism
• 2. IHyperthyroidism
• Ukunyamekela ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Amayeza
• ukutya
• Uviwo lwarhoqo nothethwano

Idlala lengqula ekukhulelweni kubalulekile kwimpilo kamama nakumntwana kwaye nakuphi na ukungasebenzi kakuhle kufuneka kuchongwe kwaye kunyangwe ukuze kungabangeli iingxaki kusana oludinga iincindi zamadlala egazi ukuya kuthi ga kwiveki ye-12 yokukhulelwa. Emva kwesi sigaba, umntwana uyakwazi ukuvelisa iihomoni ze-thyroid.

Iihomoni zedlala le-thyroid zi-T3, T4 kunye ne-TSH ezinokuthi zonyuswe okanye zinciphise zibangele iingxaki eziphambili ze-thyroid ekukhulelweni njenge-hypothyroidism kunye ne-hyperthyroidism. Ezi ngxaki zinokubangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ifuthe ekukhuleni komntwana ongekazalwa. Ukongeza, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwedlala lengqula kunokubangela utshintsho kumjikelo wokuya esikhathini, okwenza ukuba kube nzima ukukhulelwa.

Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwenza iimviwo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa kunye nokubeleka ngaphambi kokuchonga i-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism, ukuqinisekisa impilo kamama nosana. Fumanisa ukuba loluphi uvavanyo ekufuneka lwenziwe xa uceba ukukhulelwa.

Iingxaki eziphambili ze-thyroid ekukhulelweni zi:

1. IHypothyroidism

I-Hypothyroidism ukwehla kwimveliso yehomoni yedlala ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye kunokubangela ukonyuka kokopha, ukukhupha isisu ngokukhawuleza, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-pre-eclampsia kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Kusana, i-hypothyroidism inokubangela ukulibaziseka ekukhuleni kwengqondo, ukusilela kwengqondo, ukunciphisa i-intelligence quotient (IQ) kunye ne-goiter (incoko).

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zehypothyroidism kukozela, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, iinzipho ezibuthathaka, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukuqhina, ulusu olomileyo, iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokwehla kwenkumbulo.

IHypothyroidism inokwenzeka nasemva kokubeleka okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, efuna unyango. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-hypothyroidism.

2. IHyperthyroidism

I-Hyperthyroidism kukonyuka kwemveliso yehomoni yedlala, ethi nangona ingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa, inokubangela ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo baphulukane nesisu, ukusilela kwentliziyo, i-pre-eclampsia, ukufuduka kweplantshini okanye ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Emntwaneni, i-hyperthyroidism inokubangela ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi, i-neonatal hyperthyroidism okanye ukufa kosana olungekazalwa.

Iimpawu zehyperthyroidism ekukhulelweni bubushushu, ukubila okugqithisileyo, ukudinwa, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezileyo kunye noxinzelelo, okuhlala kuthintela ukuxilongwa, njengoko ezi mpawu zixhaphakile xa ukhulelwe, kodwa iimvavanyo zaselebhu zivumela ukuxilonga ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ke ngoko ziqale unyango olulungileyo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-hyperthyroidism xa ukhulelwe.

Ukunyamekela ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ezinye iindlela zokukhusela ngexesha lokukhulelwa zezi:

Amayeza

Unyango lwe-hypothyroidism xa ukhulelwe lwenziwa ngamayeza, anje nge-levothyroxine, umzekelo. Kubalulekile ukuthatha iyeza ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyalibala ukuthatha idosi, yithathe ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba ukhumbule, unakekele ukuba ungathathi idosi ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Ukulandelwa ngaphambi kokubeleka okanye ukubonisana ne-endocrinologist kufuneka kwenziwe ubuncinci rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ukujonga amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, uhlengahlengise idosi yeyeza.

Kwimeko ye-hyperthyroidism xa ukhulelwe, kulandelelwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 kunye neendlela eziqhelekileyo zomntwana emntwaneni kufuneka zenziwe. Unyango lwe-hyperthyroidism ekukhulelweni kufuneka luqaliswe kwangoko emva kokuxilongwa kwaye lwenziwa ngamayeza anje ngepropylthiouracil, umzekelo, kwaye idosi kufuneka ihlengahlengiswe, ukuba kukho imfuneko. Emva kokubeleka, ugqirha wabantwana kufuneka axelelwe ukuba une-hyperthyroidism ngexa lokukhulelwa ukuze umntwana ahlolwe kwaye, ke ngoko, jonga ukuba ngaba umntwana une-hyperthyroidism kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, qala unyango. Jonga ezinye iimvavanyo ezisi-7 ekufuneka zisandul 'ukuzalwa.

ukutya

Ukutya ngexesha lokukhulelwa kufuneka kwahluka kwaye kulungelelaniswe ukubonelela umama nosana ngezondlo eziyimfuneko. Okunye ukutya kune-iodine ekwakhiweni kwayo okuyimfuneko kwimveliso yehomoni yedlala lengqula, enjengekhowudi, iqanda, isibindi kunye neebhanana, ukunceda ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwe-thyroid. Kwiimeko zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid ekukhulelweni, ukubeka iliso kwisondlo kunconywa ukugcina ukutya okunempilo. Jonga ukutya okungaphezulu kwama-28.

Uviwo lwarhoqo nothethwano

Kubalulekile ukuba abasetyhini abaye bafumanisa ukuba bane-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism ngexesha lokukhulelwa bakhatshwa ngugynecologist-obstetrician okanye i-endocrinologist ukubeka esweni ukukhula komntwana kunye nokuqinisekisa impilo kamama nosana. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba phakathi kwexesha lokubonisana ufumana iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism, khangela unyango ngokukhawuleza. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokhathalelo lokubeleka.

Ngexesha lothetha-thethwano, uvavanyo lweelebhu kumanqanaba eehomoni T3, T4 kunye ne-TSH ziyacelwa ukuba zivavanye ukusebenza kwe-thyroid kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, i-ultrasound ye-thyroid. Kwimeko apho kukho naluphi na utshintsho, olona nyango lufanelekileyo kufuneka luqale kwangoko.