I-Thyroiditis: yintoni na, iintlobo eziphambili kunye neempawu

Umxholo

• 1. IHashimoto's thyroiditis
• 2. IQervain's thyroiditis
• 3. I-lymphocytic thyroiditis
• 4. I-Riedel's thyroiditis
• 5. Enye i-thyroiditis

I-Thyroiditis kukudumba kwedlala lengqula elingenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezininzi, ezinje ngotshintsho kumkhuhlane, usulelo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza, umzekelo, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngendlela ebukhali, apho uguquko lukhawuleza, okanye indlela engapheliyo, kuba ukudumba kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe.

Njengoko ukudumba kwe-thyroid kwenzeka, iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubonakala, ezinjengentlungu entanyeni, ubunzima bokugwinya, umkhuhlane kunye nokugodola, kwaye kunokubangela iziphumo ezinje ngehypothyroidism okanye hyperthyroidism.

Kubalulekile ukuba i-thyroiditis ichongwe kwaye inyangwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala, njengoko kwezinye iimeko kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba inyange. Unyango lwe-thyroiditis luboniswa ngugqirha we-endocrinologist kwaye luyahluka ngokwonobangela kwaye, ngenxa yoko, uhlobo lwe-thyroiditis.

Ngokwesizathu sokudumba kwe-thyroid, i-thyroiditis inokuhlelwa kwezinye iindidi, ezona ziphambili zezi:

1. IHashimoto's thyroiditis

IHashimoto's thyroiditis lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-thyroiditis engapheliyo kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50, nangona inokubonakala nakweliphi na inqanaba lobomi. IHashimoto's thyroiditis sisifo sokuzimela komzimba apho umzimba uvelisa izilwa-buhlungu ezithi zihlasele iiseli ze-thyroid, zibangele ukudumba, utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwazo kunye nokwehla kokudibana kwamahomoni e-thyroid.

Iimpawu eziphambili: olona phawu luphambili yidlala eyandisiweyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-goiter, kwaye ayiqhelekanga ukubangela iintlungu. Kunokubakho iimpawu zehypothyroidism, ezinje ngokudinwa, ukozela, isikhumba esomileyo kunye nokungabikho koxinaniso, umzekelo, nangona kunjalo, inokuthi itshintshe kunye nexesha le-hyperthyroidism, eneempawu ezinjengokubetha, ukuphuthelwa kunye nokuncipha komzimba.

Unyango: Unyango lusekwe ngugqirha we-endocrinologist kunye nokutshintshwa kwehomoni ye-thyroid kuhlala kubonisiwe, kusetyenziswa i-Levothyroxine, nangona kunjalo, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kuxhomekeke kwixabiso lomsebenzi we-thyroid, onokuqinisekiswa nge-TSH kunye novavanyo lwegazi lwe-T4 yasimahla.

Funda ngakumbi malunga neHashimoto's thyroiditis.

2. IQervain's thyroiditis

I-Quervain's thyroiditis yenzeka ngenxa yosulelo lweentsholongwane, ezinje ngoqwilikana, umkhuhlane, i-adenovirus, i-ecovirus okanye iCoxsackie, umzekelo, ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala. Esi sifo sibangela ukudumba okukhulu kwi-thyroid kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli zayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili: intlungu kwingingqi ye-thyroid, enokuthi ikhuphe umhlathi okanye iindlebe. Le ndlala inokuthi inyuswe kancinci, ibangele umqala obuhlungu kunye nobunzima bokuginya. Kukho ukubakho kweempawu zentsholongwane yokuphefumula, njengokukhwehlela kunye nokuveliswa kwemfihlo.

UnyangoUnyango lolu hlobo lwe-thyroiditis lwenziwa ngamachiza ukunciphisa iimpawu, ngakumbi iziyobisi ezichasayo, ezinje ngeNaproxen, umzekelo. Kwiimeko zeempawu ezinzima okanye eziqhubekayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-corticosteroids, njengePrednisone, kunokuboniswa ngugqirha wezonyango.

Ukuqinisekisa olu hlobo lwe-thyroiditis, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezinje nge-ESR, echaza ubukho bokudumba, ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-iodine radioactive test, oluvavanya ukusebenza kwe-thyroid. Ukuba kusekho amathandabuzo, ugqirha unokwenza i-puncture ye-thyroid, enokuthi ikhuphe ezinye izizathu, ezinje ngomhlaza okanye umhlaza. Funda ngakumbi malunga neemvavanyo ezivavanya idlala lengqula.

3. I-lymphocytic thyroiditis

I-Lymphocytic thyroiditis, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukuthula okanye ingenabuhlungu, ikwabangelwa kukuzimela komzimba, apho ii-antibodies eziveliswa emzimbeni zihlasela i-thyroid, zixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala.

Iimpawu eziphambili: I-lymphocytic thyroiditis ayihlali ibangela iintlungu okanye ukuthamba kwi-thyroid, nangona kunjalo ikhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwehomoni yegazi egazini, kunokubangela ixesha elinempawu zehyperthyroidism, ehlala ichacha kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubakho ixesha elifutshane le-hypothyroidism.

Unyango: I-lymphocytic thyroiditis ayinalo unyango oluthile, kwaye ukulawulwa kweempawu ze-hyperthyroidism kubonisiwe. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokucebisa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza anje ngePropranolol ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo kwihyperthyroidism okanye ukubuyisela iihormoni kwisigaba sehypothyroid, umzekelo.

4. I-Riedel's thyroiditis

I-Riedel's thyroiditis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-fibrotic thyroiditis, lolunye uhlobo lwe-thyroiditis engapheliyo ebangela izilonda ze-thyroid kunye ne-fibrosis kancinci kancinci, enokuthi ikhokelele kwi-hypothyroidism.

Iimpawu eziphambili: I-Riedel's thyroiditis ibangela ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid ngaphandle kwentlungu, kodwa kunokubangela ukuba uzive unobunzima entanyeni, ubunzima ekuginyeni, ukudakumba, ukuziva unciphile nokuphefumla kancinci.

UnyangoUnyango lolu hlobo lwe-thyroiditis lwenziwa ngamachiza ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokudumba, njenge-corticosteroids, iTamoxifen okanye iMethotrexate, umzekelo. Ukutshintshwa kwehomoni ye-thyroid kungabonakaliswa ngugqirha, xa umsebenzi we-thyroid ungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nokuhlinzwa, ukuba iimpawu zokunyanzeliswa kwomoya zinzima.

5. Enye i-thyroiditis

Ezinye izizathu ezinqabileyo ze-thyroiditis zibandakanya ezo zibangelwa kukunxila ngamayeza athile, njenge-chemotherapy okanye i-Amiodarone umzekelo. I-Actinic thyroiditis ibangelwa kunyango lwe-radiation kwingingqi yentamo, enokubangela ukudumba okanye ukuthintela ukusebenza kweseli ye-thyroid.

Kukwakho ne-thyroiditis ebangelwa zizifo yi-staphylococcus okanye i-streptococcus type bacteria, okanye ifungi, efana I-Aspergillus okanye UCandidaUmzekelo, okanye ezinye iiparasites kunye ne-mycobacteria.