ITORCH Isikrini

Umxholo

• Izifo ezifunyenwe sisikrini seTORCH
• Toxoplasmosis
• URubella
• Cytomegalovirus
• I-Herpes simplex
• Ezinye izifo
• Buphi ubungozi besikrini seTORCH?
• Ndisilungiselela njani isikrini seTORCH?
• Isikrini seTORCH senziwa njani?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zam zesikrini seTORCH?

Yintoni isihenqo seTORCH?

Isikrini seTORCH yiphaneli yovavanyo lokufumanisa usulelo kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Usulelo lunokudluliselwa kwimveku engekazalwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nokunyangwa kosulelo kunokuthintela iingxaki kwiintsana.

I-TORCH, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-TORCHS, isichazi sesifo esichaphazelekayo ekuhlolweni:

• toxoplasmosis
• enye (i-HIV, iintsholongwane ze-hepatitis, i-varicella, i-parvovirus)
• irubella (imasisi yaseJamani)
• cytomegalovirus
• · herpes simplex
• igcushuwa

Ugqirha uhlala esenza izinto ezithile zesikrini seTORCH rhoqo xa owasetyhini eqala ukutyelela ngaphambi kokubeleka. Banokwenza amanye amacandelo ukuba owasetyhini ubonakalisa iimpawu zezifo ezithile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezi zifo zinokuwela kwi-placenta kwaye zibangele iziphene zokuzalwa kosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa. Ezi meko zibandakanya:

• ngamehlo
• isithulu
• ukukhubazeka ngokwasengqondweni (ID)
• iingxaki zentliziyo
• ukuxhuzula
• inyongo
• amanqanaba eeplatelet asezantsi

Uvavanyo lukhusela ii-antibodies kwizifo ezosulelayo. Ii-antibodies ziiprotein eziqonda kwaye zitshabalalise izinto eziyingozi, ezinjengeentsholongwane kunye neebhaktiriya.

Ngokukodwa, uvavanyo lwescreen kwii-antibodies ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: i-immunoglobulin G (IgG) kunye ne-immunoglobulin M (IgM).

• Iintsholongwane ze-IgG zikhona xa umntu esosulelekile ngaphambili kwaye engasaguli ncam.
• Iintsholongwane ze-IgM zikhona xa umntu esosulelekile.

Ugqirha unokusebenzisa ezi ntsholongwane kunye nembali yomfazi yeempawu zokuvavanya ukuba ngaba usana olungekazalwa luchanabeke kusulelo.

Izifo ezifunyenwe sisikrini seTORCH

Toxoplasmosis

I-Toxoplasmosis sisifo esibangelwa xa i-parasite (T. gondii) ingena emzimbeni ngomlomo. Isidleleli sinokufumaneka kwinkunkuma yekati kunye nelindle lekati, kunye nenyama engaphekwanga kakuhle kunye namaqanda aluhlaza. Iintsana ezisulelwe yi-toxoplasmosis esibelekweni zihlala zingabonisi zimpawu kwiminyaka eliqela. Iimpawu, ezenzeka kamva ebomini, zinokubandakanya:

• ukulahleka kombono
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• isithulu
• ukuxhuzula

URubella

URubella, okwaziwa ngokuba yimasisi yaseJamani, yintsholongwane ebangela irhashalala. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale ntsholongwane zincinci ebantwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-rubella ichaphazela usana olungekazalwa, inokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa ezinje ngezi:

• iziphene zentliziyo
• iingxaki zombono
• ukulibaziseka kophuhliso

Cytomegalovirus

ICytomegalovirus (CMV) ikusapho lwentsholongwane ye-herpes. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibangeli iimpawu ezibonakalayo kubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, i-CMV inokubangela ukulahleka kwendlebe, isifo sokuwa, kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo kumntwana okhulayo.

I-Herpes simplex

Intsholongwane ye-herpes simplex ihlala idluliselwa isuka kumama iye kumntwana ongekazalwa kumsele wokuzalwa ngexesha lokuhanjiswa. Kwakhona kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntwana wosulelwe ngoxa esesibelekweni. Usulelo lunokubangela imicimbi eyahlukeneyo kwiintsana, kubandakanya:

• ukulimala kwengqondo
• iingxaki zokuphefumla
• ukuxhuzula

Iimpawu zihlala zivela ngeveki yesibini yobomi bomntwana.

Ezinye izifo

Elinye icandelo linokubandakanya izifo ezahlukeneyo ezosulelayo, ezinje:

• irhashalala (varicella)
• Intsholongwane ka-Epstein-Barr
• hepatitis B no-C
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• parvovirus yabantu
• imasisi
• uqwilikana
• igcushuwa

Zonke ezi zifo zinokusasazeka zisuka kumama ziye emntwaneni ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye lokuhambisa.

Buphi ubungozi besikrini seTORCH?

Izikrini zentsholongwane zeTORCH zilula, zinomngcipheko ophantsi wovavanyo lwegazi. Unokufumana ukutyumka, ukuba bomvu, kunye neentlungu kwindawo yokuhlatywa. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, inxeba lokugqobhoza linokusuleleka. Akukho bungozi kumntwana ongekazalwa ukuba enze olu vavanyo.

Ndisilungiselela njani isikrini seTORCH?

Izikrini zeTORCH azidingi lungiselelo lukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba wosulelekile nakweyiphi na intsholongwane egqunywe kwiscreen seTORCH.

Kuya kufuneka uchaze nayiphi na into oyithengayo okanye oyithengayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza athile okanye ukunqanda ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Isikrini seTORCH senziwa njani?

Isikrini seTORCH kubandakanya ukuthatha isampulu yegazi. Igazi lihlala lithathwa kumthambo okwingalo yakho. Uya kuya kwilebhu kwaye i-phlebotomist iya kwenza ukutsalwa kwegazi. Baza kucoca indawo kwaye basebenzise inaliti ukutsala igazi. Baza kuqokelela igazi kumbhobho, okanye kwisitya esincinci.

Unokuziva ngathi uhlaba okanye ubabaze xa igazi litsalwa. Kukho ukopha okuqhelekileyo okuncinci emva koko. Bayakufaka ibandage yoxinzelelo olukhanyayo ngaphezulu kwendawo yokuhluza nje ukuba umzobo ugqityiwe.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zam zesikrini seTORCH?

Iziphumo zesikrini seTORCH zibonisa ukuba ngaba unesifo esosulelayo okanye unaso kutshanje. Ingabonisa ukuba ngaba ukhuselekile kwizifo ezithile, njengoRubella, ekubeni ugonyiwe ngaphambili.

Iziphumo zibizwa ngokuba "zilungile" okanye "azibi". Iziphumo zovavanyo ezakhayo zithetha ukuba ii-antibodies ze-IgG okanye ze-IgM zifunyenwe kolunye okanye nangaphezulu losulelo olugqunywe kuvavanyo. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba okwangoku, ubukhe wanayo ngaphambili, okanye ngaphambili ugonyiwe esi sifo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela iziphumo zovavanyo kwaye ajonge nawe ukuba zithetha ntoni.

Iziphumo zovavanyo ezingalunganga ngokubanzi zithathwa njengeziqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba kungenxa yesifo ekufanele ukuba ugonywe kuso. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho zintsholongwane zifunyenweyo, kwaye akukho gciwane langoku okanye elidlulileyo.

Iintsholongwane ze-IgM zikhona xa kukho usulelo lwangoku okanye lwamva nje. Ukuba uvavanyo olusandul 'ukuzalwa luchanekile kwezi ntsholongwane, usulelo lwangoku ngoyena nobangela. Ukuba zombini ii-antibodies ze-IgG kunye ne-IgM zifunyenwe kusana olusandul 'ukuzalwa, kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana unesifo esisebenzayo.

Ukuba uvavanyo luthi unentsholongwane ye-IgM ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa usulelo.

Ubukho beentsholongwane ze-IgG kumfazi okhulelweyo zihlala zibonisa usulelo oludlulileyo okanye ukhuseleko. Ukuba kukho umbuzo wosulelo olusebenzayo, uvavanyo lwegazi lwesibini lwenziwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva ukuze amanqanaba omzimba anokuthelekiswa.Ukuba amanqanaba ayonyuka, oko kunokuthetha ukuba usulelo belusandula ukwenzeka okanye lwenzeka ngoku.

Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe, ugqirha wakho uya kudala isicwangciso sonyango kunye nawe ngokukhethekileyo ukukhulelwa.