Isasazeka njani iHepatitis C?

Umxholo

• Isifo se-hepatitis C sithathwa njani
• Ukwabelana ngezixhobo zeziyobisi
• Ulawulo olungelulo losuleleko lokwenza umvambo nokugqobhoza
• Utofelo-gazi
• Izixhobo zonyango ezingezizo
• Ukwabelana ngempahla yezempilo
• Ukwabelana ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga
• Ukukhulelwa nokuzala
• Iinti zeenaliti
• Isasazeka njani ihepatitis C
• Amathuba okufumana i-hepatitis C kwisini
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni?
• Ngaba usemngciphekweni wokosuleleka kwakhona?
• Ngaba unokuba ligazi okanye umnikeli welungu?
• Kutheni kuvavanywa kubalulekile
• Iingcebiso zokuvavanya
• Ukuthatha

I-Hepatitis C yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis C (HCV). Ingakhokelela kumonakalo omkhulu wesibindi, ke kubalulekile ukuba wazi zonke iindlela ezinokudluliselwa ngazo.

Oku kunokuba yinto ekhohlisayo: Abantu abaninzi abane-hepatitis C abakwazi ukuchonga umthombo wosulelo lwabo.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane zonke iindlela ezinokuthi zidluliswe ngayo i-hepatitis C, yintoni eyonyusa umngcipheko, kwaye kutheni uvavanyo lubaluleke kangaka.

Isifo se-hepatitis C sithathwa njani

Abantu bafumana i-hepatitis C ngokudibana negazi lomntu onentsholongwane. Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Ukwabelana ngezixhobo zeziyobisi

Enye yeendlela ezisasazeka ngayo i-HCV kukusetyenziswa kwakhona kweziyobisi.Abantu abajova iziyobisi banokuphinda basebenzise iinaliti okanye izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa iziyobisi.

Oku kunokubachanaba kulwelo lomzimba lwabanye, kubandakanya nele-HCV.

Kuba ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunokuchaphazela ukugwetywa, abantu banokuqhubeka nokuphinda-phinda isimilo njengokwabelana ngenaliti.

Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe lokuSetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, umntu omnye one-HCV otofa iziyobisi unokuqhubeka nokudlulisela intsholongwane kwabanye abantu abangama-20.

Ulawulo olungelulo losuleleko lokwenza umvambo nokugqobhoza

Amanqaku athi i-HCV inokusasazwa ngokufumana iitattoos okanye ukugqojozwa kuseto olungalawulwayo olunemigangatho yolawulo losulelo olubi.

Amashishini aneelayisenisi zokuba nomvambo kunye nokugqobhoza ngokubanzi kucingelwa ukuba akhuselekile.

Useto olungekho sesikweni ngakumbi alunakuba nezikhuselo ezaneleyo zokunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo. Ukufumana itattoo okanye ukugqobhoza kuseto olunjengasentolongweni okanye kwikhaya elinabahlobo kuthwala usasazo lweHCV

Utofelo-gazi

Ngaphambi kowe-1992, ukufumana utofelo-gazi okanye ukufakelwa ilungu kwakunguye umngcipheko obalulekileyo wokufumana i-HCV. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela yokuhambisa ngoku ithathwa njengonqabileyo.

Ngokokutsho, umngcipheko wosulelo ungaphantsi kwetyala elinye kwiyunithi ezizigidi ezi-2 zotofelo-gazi.

Izixhobo zonyango ezingezizo

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-HCV inokusasazeka ngezixhobo zonyango ezingezizo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezinje:

• ukuphinda usebenzise inaliti okanye isirinji esele isetyenziswe ngumntu one-hepatitis C
• Ukuphathwa gwenxa kweebhotile zeziyobisi ezininzi okanye iziyobisi ezifakwe emithanjeni kangangokuba zinokuchaphazeleka ligazi lomntu one-hepatitis C
• ucoceko olungekuhle lwezixhobo zonyango

Ukuhlala usebenzisa amanyathelo afanelekileyo olawulo losulelo kunokunciphisa olu hlobo losasazo. Ukusuka, bekukho kuphela ukugqabhuka okunxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo lwe-hepatitis C kunye ne-hepatitis B.

Ukwabelana ngempahla yezempilo

Enye indlela edluliselwa ngayo i-hepatitis C kukwabelana ngeemveliso zempilo eziye zadibana negazi lomntu one-HCV.

Eminye yemizekelo ibandakanya izinto ezinje ngeerazors, iibrashi zamazinyo, kunye nezipaji zezipikili.

Ukwabelana ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga

Ngokwe-hepatitis C inokudluliselwa ngokudibana ngokwesondo, nangona umngcipheko uphantsi.

Ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha ngokwesondo zinomngcipheko ophezulu kunabanye xa kufikwa ekwandiseni amathuba akho okufumana intsholongwane.

Ukukhulelwa nokuzala

IHepatitis C inokudluliselwa emntwaneni ngexesha lokubeleka, kodwa oku kwenzeka kuphela malunga neemeko.

Ukuba umama wakho wayenayo i-hepatitis C xa uzalwa, unokuba nomngcipheko ophakamileyo wokufumana intsholongwane.

Iinti zeenaliti

Kuyenzeka ukuba ufumane i-hepatitis C ngokwenzakala ngengozi, njengokuxinga ngenaliti edibene negazi eliqukethe i-HCV. Olu hlobo lokuvezwa kuhlala kwenzeka kuseto lokhathalelo lwempilo.

Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokufumana isifo se-hepatitis C ngenxa yento efana nentonga yenaliti isezantsi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba yi-1.8% kuphela ye-HCV ekhokelela kusulelo, nangona eli nani lingaphantsi.

Isasazeka njani ihepatitis C

Iqinisekisa ukuba awunako ukufumana isivumelwano se-hepatitis C ngokusebenzisa:

• ukutya kunye nezinto ezabiwe ngumntu one-hepatitis C
• ukubambana ngezandla, ukugona, okanye ukuncamisa umntu one-hepatitis C
• ukuba kufutshane nomntu one-hepatitis C xa ekhohlela okanye ethimla
• ukuncancisa (abantwana abakwazi ukufumana i-hepatitis C ngobisi lwebele)
• ukutya namanzi

Amathuba okufumana i-hepatitis C kwisini

Ukuqhagamshelana ngesondo kuthathwa njengendlela yokudlulisa i-HCV. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ngokwesondo zinokunyusa umngcipheko womntu wokufumana i-hepatitis C.

Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kweekhondom kunye namaqabane angaphezu kwelinye
• Usulelo olosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo okanye i-HIV
• ukuzibandakanya kwizinto zesondo ezinokubangela ukopha

Abanye bacebisa ukuba amadoda abelana ngesondo namadoda anokuba semngciphekweni wokufumana i-HCV ngokwabelana ngesondo. Lo mngcipheko uyanda ukuba umntu une-HIV.

Amaziko kaZwelonke ezeMpilo acebisa ukusebenzisa iikhondom ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ukunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo. Kwakhona, unganqikazi ukuthetha nodokotela wakho ukuba unemibuzo okanye uxhalaba malunga nemingcipheko yakho.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Ezinye izinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana i-hepatitis C. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukusetyenziswa kwangoku okanye okudlulileyo kweziyobisi zenaliti
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• ukuvezwa kwintsholongwane ye-HCV ngokwenzakala okufana nenaliti
• ukuzalwa kumama one-HCV
• ukufumana umvambo okanye ukugqobhoza usebenzisa izixhobo ezingezizo ezokulwa
• ukufakwa igazi okanye ukufakelwa ilungu ngaphambi kuka-1992
• ukufumana izinto ezijiyisayo ngaphambi kowe-1987
• ukubakho kwi-dialysis yezintso (hemodialysis)
• ukuhlala okanye ukusebenza entolongweni

Ngaba usemngciphekweni wokosuleleka kwakhona?

Abanye abantu abane-HCV baya kulususa usulelo lwabo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiipesenti ezingama-75 ukuya kuma-85 zabantu, usulelo luya kuba ludala.

Amayeza ngoku ayafumaneka ukunceda ukucoca i-HCV emzimbeni wakho. Ngokwe-CDC, yabantu abafumana unyango lwangoku baya kulususa usulelo lwabo.

Ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho awuvelisi mpendulo yomeleleyo kwi-HCV, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphinde ufumane intsholongwane. Ngelixa inqanaba lokusuleleka kwakhona, umngcipheko unokunyuswa kubantu:

• jola iziyobisi
• une-HIV
• yenza imisebenzi yesondo enokubangela ukopha

Ngaba unokuba ligazi okanye umnikeli welungu?

Abantu abane-hepatitis C abanakho ukunikela ngegazi okwangoku. Izikhokelo zokufaneleka zaseMelika zoMnqamlezo obomvu zithintela abantu abakhe bavavanya ukuba nesifo sehepatitis C ekubeni banikele ngegazi, nokuba usulelo aluzange lubangele zimpawu.

NgokweSebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu (HHS), ulwazi malunga nokunikezelwa kwamalungu, abo baneemeko zonyango ezisisiseko akufuneki bazilawule njengabaxhasi bamalungu. Oku kubonisa izikhokelo ezitsha zomnikelo womzimba opapashwe yi-HHS.

Abantu abane-HCV ngoku banakho ukuba banikele ngamalungu. Kungenxa yokuba inkqubela phambili kuvavanyo kunye netekhnoloji yezonyango inokunceda iqela lokufakelwa ukuba lichonge ukuba ngawaphi amalungu okanye izicwili ezinokusetyenziselwa ngokukhuselekileyo ukufakelwa.

Kutheni kuvavanywa kubalulekile

Uvavanyo lwegazi yenye yeendlela ekungqinwa ngayo isifo i-hepatitis C. Ukongeza, i-hepatitis C ihlala ingenazo iimpawu ezibonakalayo iminyaka emininzi.

Ngenxa yoku, kubalulekile ukuba uvavanywe ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba ubonakalisiwe kwintsholongwane. Ukufumana uxilongo kwangexesha kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ufumana unyango ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo ongapheliyo wesibindi.

Iingcebiso zokuvavanya

Okwangoku ucebisa ukuba bonke abantu abadala abaneminyaka eyi-18 nangaphezulu bavavanywe kube kanye ngexesha lokuphila kwabo. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bavavanyelwe i-HCV ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngakunye.

Ukuvavanywa kwe-HCV ngexesha elinye kuyacetyiswa kubantu:

• une-HIV
• bazalwa ngumama one-HCV
• iziyobisi ezazifakwe ngaphambili
• ifunyenwe ngaphambili i-dialysis yezintso
• utofelo-gazi okanye ukufakelwa ilungu ngaphambi kuka-1992 okanye izinto ezijiyileyo ngaphambi kuka-1987
• bavezwa kwigazi eline-HCV ngengozi efana nentonga yenaliti

Amanye amaqela kufuneka afumane uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo. La maqela abandakanya abantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi ngenaliti kunye nabo ngoku befumana i-dialysis yezintso.

Ukuthatha

I-HCV inokusasazeka ngokudibana negazi lomntu onentsholongwane. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu ngokusetyenziswa kwakhona kweziyobisi.

Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka kwakhona ngeentonga zenaliti, ukwabelana ngezinto ezicocekileyo, kunye nokwenza iitattoo ezingezizo okanye ukugqobhoza. Ukudluliselwa ngokwesondo kunqabile.

Ukwazi umngcipheko wokufumana i-HCV kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane. Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba unokuba nesifo sokuqunjelwa kwesifo i-hepatitis C, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuvavanywa kwaye ufumane unyango kwangoko. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa amathuba akho okonakala kwesibindi.