Unyango lomhlaza wesisu

Umxholo

• 1. Utyando
• 2. Unyango ngamayeza
• 3. Unyango ngemitha
• 4. Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy

Unyango lomhlaza wesisu lunokwenziwa ngotyando, i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza kunye nempilo yomntu ngokubanzi.

Umhlaza wesisu, kumanqanaba okuqala, uneempawu ezimbalwa, ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukuxilongwa. Ezinye zeempawu zomhlaza wesisu kukuqunjelwa, isisu, ukuziva ugcwele kunye nokugabha. Funda ngendlela yokuchonga iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu kunye nokuba yintoni isifo esiqulathe isifo.

1. Utyando

Utyando lomhlaza esiswini lolona nyango luqhelekileyo ngezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo kunyango lolu hlobo lomhlaza. Utyando lunokusetyenziselwa ukususa umhlaza, inxenye yesisu, okanye isisu sonke, kunye ne-lymph node ezikule ngingqi, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lesifo.

Ezinye iinkqubo zotyando ezinokwenziwa zezi:

• I-endoscopic resection ye-mucosa: eyenziwa kwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo, apho umhlaza ususwe nge-endoscopy;
• I-Subtotal gastrectomy: ibandakanya ukususwa kwenxalenye enye kuphela yesisu, ukugcina elinye icandelo lisempilweni;
• Iyonke i-gastrectomy: ibandakanya ukususwa kwesisu sonke kwaye kubonisiwe xa umhlaza sele ufikelele kwilungu lonke okanye ukwindawo ephezulu.

Xa isisu sonke sisuswe, ezinye ii-lymph node ezijikeleze isisu nazo ziyasuswa ukuze zihlalutywe ukuze kubonwe ukuba ziqulathe iiseli zethumba, oko kungathetha ukuba umhlaza usenwenwe.

Ukongeza, kwimeko yamanye amalungu angqonge isisu, njengepancreas okanye udakada, ahlaselwa ziiseli zethumba kwaye ukuba ugqirha uyaqonda, la malungu nawo angasuswa.

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando lomhlaza wesisu zinokuba sisitshisa, iintlungu zesisu kunye nokusilela kweevithamini. Kubalulekile ukuba izigulana zithathe izongezo zeevithamini kwaye zilandele ukutya okulawulwayo, kunye nokutya okuncinci ukunqanda ezi ngxaki.

2. Unyango ngamayeza

Umhlaza wesisu i-chemotherapy isebenzisa iziyobisi ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza, ezinokuthi zithathwe ngomlomo okanye ngenaliti emithanjeni. Kukho amayeza aliqela asetyenziselwa ukunyanga lo mhlaza kwaye ahlala esetyenziswa ngokudibanisa iziphumo ezingcono.

I-Chemotherapy inokwenziwa ngaphambi kotyando, ukunceda ukunciphisa ubungakanani bethumba, nasemva kotyando, ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza ekusenokwenzeka ukuba azisuswanga.

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lonyango nge-chemotherapy zezi:

• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Ukulahleka kweenwele;
• Urhudo;
• Ukudumba emlonyeni;
• Ukunqongophala kwegazi.

Ngenxa yokuba inentshukumo kuwo wonke umzimba, ichemotherapy yenza ukuba amajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngakumbi oko kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo. Ngokubanzi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyanyamalala kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa emva konyango.

3. Unyango ngemitha

Unyango lwe-radiation kumhlaza wesisu lusebenzisa imitha ukutshabalalisa, ukunciphisa okanye ukulawula ukukhula komhlaza. Unyango ngemitha lunokwenziwa emva kotyando, ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezincinci kakhulu ezingakhange zincitshiswe kuqhaqho, okanye ngokudibene nechemotherapy, ukuthintela umhlaza ekuphindaphindeni.

Imiphumo emibi enokubangelwa yonyango lwe-radiation ingaba:

• Ukutsha eluswini, kwingingqi echaphazelekayo ngonyango;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Urhudo;
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba;
• Ukunqongophala kwegazi.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwe-radiation zinamandla kakhulu xa zisenziwa kunye ne-chemotherapy.

4. Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy

Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy kumhlaza wesisu luquka ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezikhuthaza umzimba ukuba uhlasele iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni. I-Immunotherapy inokwenziwa ngokudibeneyo nechemotherapy kwaye inceda ukulawula ngcono ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lomhlaza.

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngexesha lonyango ngumkhuhlane, ubuthathaka, ukugodola, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukukhohlela kunye norhudo. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-immunotherapy, zeziphi iintlobo kwaye xa kubonisiwe.