Unyango lwe-hepatitis A

Umxholo

• Lunjani unyango lwe-hepatitis A
• Iimpawu zokuphucula okanye ukuhla
• Ungakuphepha njani ukuhambisa

Unyango lwe-hepatitis A lwenziwe ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokunceda umzimba ukuba uphinde uchache ngokukhawuleza, kwaye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu, umkhuhlane kunye nesicaphucaphu kungabonakaliswa ngugqirha, ukongeza ekuphumleni rhoqo kunye nasekuphefumlweni.

IHepatitis A sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis A, i-HAV, eyona ndlela yakhe yosulelo kukusebenzisa amanzi kunye nokutya okungcoliswe yile ntsholongwane, kukhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinjengokudinwa, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zomzimba kunye nomkhuhlane ophantsi egcina malunga neentsuku ezili-10. Funda ngendlela yokuchonga iimpawu zehepatitis A.

Lunjani unyango lwe-hepatitis A

IHepatitis A sisifo esizinqandayo, oko kukuthi, umzimba ngokwawo uyakwazi ukuyiphelisa intsholongwane ngokwendalo, kwaye iimpawu ziyanyamalala emva kweentsuku ezili-10 kunye nokuchacha okupheleleyo malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Ngaphandle koku, kubalulekile ukuba umntu abonane nogqirha okanye isifo esosulelayo ukuba abonise naziphi na iimpawu ezibonisa i-hepatitis A yokuthintela intsholongwane ekubangeleni ukudumba okuqatha esibindini.

Ngokwesiqhelo ugqirha ubonakalisa amayeza anceda ukunciphisa iimpawu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezithomalalisi zintlungu, anti-ukudumba kunye namayeza okunyakaza okunyanzelekileyo kunokucetyiswa, nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukuba unyango lulandelwe ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha ukuthintela ukugcwala kakhulu kweyeza isibindi. Ukongeza, ezinye iingcebiso zenziwa ngokubanzi ekufuneka zilandelwe ngumntu ukukhawulezisa ukubuyiswa komntu, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ukuphumla: ukuphumla komzimba kubalulekile ukuze ube namandla okufumana kwakhona;
• Sela ubuncinci i-2L yamanzi ngosuku: ukusela amanzi amaninzi kulungele ukufakelwa iiseli kunye nokuvumela amalungu omzimba ukuba asebenze ngcono, kunye nokuphucula ukujikeleza kunye nokunceda ekupheliseni ityhefu eyingozi;
• Yitya kancinci kwaye qho kwiiyure ezintathu: kuthintela isicaphucaphu nokugabha, kwaye kuququzelela ukufunxwa kokutya ngumzimba;
• Kuphephe ukutya okwetyisaUkutya okufana nenyama enamafutha, ukutya okuthosiweyo kunye neesoseji kufuneka kuthintelwe ukuququzelela umsebenzi wesibindi. Kunconywa ukuba ngexesha le-hepatitis A umntu unokutya okulula kunye nokutya okulula. Fumanisa ukuba ungatya njani ngexesha le-hepatitis A;
• Musa ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo: Oku kungenxa yokuba iziselo ezinxilisayo zinokukhulisa ukudumba kwesibindi, zenze mandundu iimpawu ze-hepatitis kwaye zenze nzima ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo;
• Musa ukuthatha amanye amayeza: kubalulekile ukuthatha kuphela amayeza amiselweyo ngugqirha, ukuze ungagcwalisi isibindi esele sonakele, njengeparacetamol, umzekelo.

Jonga le vidiyo ilandelayo ngezinye iingcebiso malunga nento oza kuyitya ngelixa unyanga i-hepatitis:

Iimpawu zokuphucula okanye ukuhla

Iimpawu zokuphucula i-hepatitis A zihlala zibonakala malunga neentsuku ezili-10 emva kokuqala kweempawu, ngokuhla komkhuhlane, ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu kunye nombala otyheli wolusu namehlo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, njengakwimeko yomhlaza okanye abantu abadala ababuthathaka, iimpawu zinokuba namandla kwaye zithathe ixesha elide ukuphucula. Kwezi meko, kananjalo, kuqheleke ngakumbi ukuba kuphuhliswe olona hlobo lubi sesi sifo, esinesibindi esipheleleyo.

Nangona kunqabile, kukho iimeko apho abantu banokuba mandundu, babonakalise iimpawu ezinjengokugabha okungapheliyo, umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-39ºC, ukozela okanye iintlungu ezinzima zesisu, umzekelo. Kule meko, kufuneka kufunwe uncedo olukhawulezileyo.

Ungakuphepha njani ukuhambisa

Nangona iimpawu ze-hepatitis A zinyamalala kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-10, ukuphola kwenzeka kuphela emva kweenyanga ezimbini kwaye ngelo xesha umntu angayidlulisela intsholongwane kwabanye abantu. Ke, ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwe-HAV kwabanye, kubalulekile ukuba umntu one-hepatitis A ahlambe izandla zakhe, ngakumbi emva kokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuhlamba igumbi lokuhlambela nge-sodium hypochlorite okanye i-bleach, kuba ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka ukuthintela abanye abasebenzisa imeko-bume enye ukuba bangangcoliseki.

Jonga indlela yokuthintela kunye nokuthintela i-hepatitis A.