Iinketho zonyango lwe-Atopic Dermatitis

Umxholo

• Iimveliso ze-OTC
• Izinto zokuthambisa
• Uluhlu
• Izithambiso
• Amafutha
• Izihloko ze-steroids
• Ii-antihistamines zomlomo
• Amayeza amiselweyo
• Isicatshulwa sonyango
• Izihloko ze-calcineurin inhibitors
• Izitofu ezinokufakwa ngaphakathi
• Amayeza omlomo
• Ifotootherapy
• Yise kude

I-atopic dermatitis (AD) yimeko yesikhumba engapheliyo echaphazela phantse abantu abazizigidi ezili-18. Iphawuleka ngesikhumba esomileyo kunye nokurhawuzelela okungapheliyo. I-AD luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-eczema.

Ukufumana isicwangciso esihle sothintelo kunye nonyango lwe-AD kubalulekile ekulawuleni iimpawu. I-AD enganyangekiyo iya kuqhubeka nokurhawuzelela kwaye ikhokelele ekukrwebeni ngakumbi. Nje ukuba uqale ukrwembe, usengozini enkulu yosulelo.

Unyango olusebenzayo lunokukunceda ugcine umgangatho wobomi ophezulu kwaye ulale ngcono. Zombini zibalulekile ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo, ezinokuthi zikhokelele ekwandeni kwe-flare-ups.

Ngelixa lungekho unyango lwe-AD, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Oku kubandakanya iimveliso ezingaphezulu kwekhawuntari (OTC), amayeza kagqirha, kunye nefototherapy.

Iimveliso ze-OTC

Uninzi lweendlela zokhetho ze-AD ziyafumaneka ngaphandle kommiselo.

Izinto zokuthambisa

Ukuthambisa ulusu lolunye lolona nyango lulula nolona lusebenzayo. Ukukhulula ulusu olomileyo olubangelwa yi-AD, kuya kufuneka wongeze ukufuma kulusu. Eyona ndlela yokwenza oku kukusetyenziswa kwesithambisi kwangoko emva kokuhlamba, ngelixa ulusu lusamanzi.

I-OTC yokuthambisa isisombululo esisiso sexesha elide sonyango. Zintathu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa:

Uluhlu

Iilotion zezona zithambisa zilula. I-Lotion ngumxube wamanzi kunye neoyile onokuyisasaza ngokulula kulusu. Nangona kunjalo, amanzi kwi-lotion aphuma ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yoko isenokungabi lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwi-AD ebukhali.

Izithambiso

I-khilimu ngumxube we-semisolid yeoyile kunye namanzi. Umxholo weoyile uphezulu ukhrim kunalowo uthambisayo. Iikhrim zine-emollient ngakumbi kune-lotion, okuthetha ukuba zingcono ukuhambisa isikhumba. Iikhrim lukhetho olukhulu lokuthambisa imihla ngemihla kulusu olungapheliyo.

Amafutha

Amafutha asemisolid greases enomxholo ophezulu kakhulu weoyile kunye namanzi amancinci kakhulu kunamafutha kunye neekhrim. Amafutha athambisa kakhulu kwaye kufuneka abe nezithako ezimbalwa kuphela. Eyona oyile ilula yile petroleum jelly, inesithako esinye kuphela.

Ukuba nezithako ezimbalwa kakhulu kwenza i-ointments ibe yinto elungileyo kwabo banolusu olubuthathaka. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zinto zenziwayo ziziva zinamafutha kulusu, kungangcono ukuba uzisebenzise ngaphambi kokulala.

Izihloko ze-steroids

Unyango lwexesha elifutshane, amandla asezantsi e-corticosteroids ayafumaneka ekhawuntarini. Amandla e-hydrocortisone anamandla asezantsi (iCortaid, iNutracort) ayafumaneka kwiivenkile ezininzi nakwiivenkile zokutya.

Unokufaka i-hydrocortisone ngoko nangoko emva kokuba uthambisa ulusu lwakho. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo ekuphatheni i-flare-up.

IAmerican Academy of Dermatology (AAD) icebisa ukunyanga indawo echaphazelekayo kabini yonke imihla. Izihloko ze-corticosteroids azisetyenziselwa ixesha elide. Endaweni yokuba i-AAD icebise ngamanye amaxesha ukusetyenziswa kuthintelo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokusebenzisa i-hydrocortisone ukuya kuthi ga kwizihlandlo ezibini ngeveki kwiindawo ezinokubangela i-flare-ups.

Ii-antihistamines zomlomo

I-OTC yomlomo we-antihistamines inokuncedisa unyango lwe-AD. Ngokwe-AAD, uphononongo ngokusebenza kwe-antihistamines zixutywe. I-Antihistamines ayikhuthazwa ngokubanzi njengonyango oluzimeleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ii-antihistamines ezinjenge-diphenhydramine (iBenadryl) zinokunceda ukulawula umjikelo wokurhawuzelela. Isiphumo sokuthomalalisa esincinci sinokukunceda ukuba ukurhawuzelela kwakho kukugcina uphapheme ebusuku.

Amayeza amiselweyo

Ukuba usalwisana nama-flares kunye neenketho ze-OTC, ugqirha wakho unokukubhalela umyalelo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza amiselweyo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-AD.

Isicatshulwa sonyango

Uninzi lwee-steroids ezingumxholo zifumaneka kuphela ngugqirha. Izihloko ze-steroids ziqokelelwe ngamandla. Ziqala ukusuka kwiklasi yoku-1 (yomelele) ukuya kwiklasi ye-7 (ubuncinci obunamandla).Uninzi lwee-steroids eziphambili ze-topical azifanelekanga kubantwana, ngoko qhagamshelana rhoqo nogqirha womntwana wakho kuqala.

Ii-steroids ezingumxholo zinokulungiswa njengezinto zokuthambisa, iikhrimu, okanye iioyile ezisetyenziselwa ulusu. Njengama-moisturizers, i-ointments inokuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo ukuba i-creams ihlala ibangela ukutshisa okanye ukubetha.

Izihloko ze-calcineurin inhibitors

Izihloko ze-calcineurin inhibitors (i-TCIs) ziludidi olutsha lweziyobisi ezichasayo. Azinayo i-steroids. Ukanti ziyasebenza ekunyangeni irhashalala kunye nokurhawuzelela okubangelwa yi-AD.

Zimbini ii-TCI ezimiselweyo kwintengiso namhlanje: pimecrolimus (Elidel) kunye ne-tacrolimus (Protopic).

Ngo-2006, i-US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yongeza ibhokisi emnyama elumkisa ukupakishwa kwala mayeza mabini. Isilumkiso silumkisa abathengi ngonxibelelwano olunokwenzeka phakathi kwe-TCIs kunye nomhlaza.

I-FDA iyavuma ukuba kuyakuthatha amashumi eminyaka yophando ukumisela ukuba ngaba ukhona umngcipheko oqinisekisiweyo. Okwangoku, i-FDA icebisa ukuba la mayeza asetyenziswe kuphela njengonyango lodidi lwesibini.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ugqiba ukuba i-AD yakho ayiphenduli kolunye unyango, banokujonga unyango lwexesha elifutshane nge-TCIs.

Izitofu ezinokufakwa ngaphakathi

Elinye iyeza elitsha lavunywa ngo-2017 yi-FDA. I-Dupilumab (iDupixent), intsholongwane yokuchasana nokuchaphaza, inokusetyenziswa ecaleni kwecorticosteroids.

Amayeza omlomo

Imigqaliselo yezihloko zezona zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye zifundwa kakhulu kunyango lwe-AD. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza omlomo anje ngala:

• i-corticosteroids yomlomo kwi-AD ebanzi, ebukhali nenganyangekiyo
• cyclosporine okanye i-interferon ye-AD ebukhali
• Iintsholongwane xa uphuhlisa usulelo lwegciwane

Ifotootherapy

I-Phototherapy ibhekisa kunyango ngokukhanya. Unyango nge -bandband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokunyanga abantu abane-AD. Unyango nge-NB-UVB isusa umngcipheko wokonakalisa ulusu lwe-ultraviolet A (UVA) ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

I-Phototherapy lukhetho olulungileyo lomgca wesibini ukuba awuphenduli kunyango olusemgangathweni ngakumbi. Ingasetyenziselwa unyango lokugcina.

Iindleko kunye nokufikeleleka zizinto ezimbini eziphambili. Uya kudinga ukufikelela kunyango lwe-phototherapy amaxesha amabini okanye amathathu ngeveki. Oku kunokufuna ixesha kunye neendleko zokuhamba.

Yise kude

Ngazo zonke ezi ndlela zonyango, kuya kufuneka ube nethemba lokuba uya kufumana indlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokwenza isicwangciso sonyango olungcono se-AD kuwe. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukubhalela iyeza elitsha, qiniseka ukubuza imibuzo malunga nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo.