Unyango lwe-Osteoarthritis yeKnee: Yintoni esebenzayo?

Umxholo

• 1. Gcina ubunzima obuphilileyo
• 2. Yenza umthambo rhoqo
• 3. Amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu
• 4. Olunye unyango
• 5. Isteroid yesitofu
• 6. Utyando
• Utyando lwearthroscopic
• Osteotomy
• Ukutshintsha idolo ngokupheleleyo
• Izizathu ezi-5 zokuqwalaselwa kotyando lokuTshintsha amadolo
• Umbono: Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

I-Osteoarthritis (OA) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-arthritis. I-OA yedolo yenzeka xa i-cartilage-umqamelo phakathi kwamadolo-edilikayo. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba.

Akukho lunyango lwe-OA emadolweni, kodwa unyango lunokunceda ekuthomalaliseni ukungakhululeki kunye nokucothisa umonakalo. Inokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwaye ikuncede ugcine imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Ukhetho lwakho lonyango luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho. Oku kubandakanya imbali yakho yezonyango, inqanaba lentlungu, kunye nefuthe le-OA kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.

Unyango luhlala lubandakanya indibaniselwano yonyango kunye nokukhetha indlela yokuphila. Iingcali ezivela kwiKholeji yaseMelika yeRheumatology kunye neArthritis Foundation (ACR / AF) zikhupha izikhokelo malunga nokuba zeziphi iindlela ekunokuthi zikuncede- kodwa qiniseka ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho, olukhulu okanye oluncinci, kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.

1. Gcina ubunzima obuphilileyo

Ukuba ngoku utyebile, ukuphulukana neepawundi ezimbalwa kunceda nge-OA. Ukuphulukana nobunzima kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo kumalungu akho kwaye, ngokwenza njalo, kunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Ukuphulukana nobunzima kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nomngcipheko kweminye imiba yezempilo, enje ngegazi, uhlobo lweswekile 2, kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Ukuba unayo i-OA emadolweni kwaye uthathwa njengotyebileyo okanye otyebileyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha wakho uza kuphakamisa isicwangciso sokukunceda ukunciphisa umzimba.

Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba kutheni kubalulekile ukulawula ubunzima kwaye luhlobo luni lokutya olunokukunceda ulawule ngcono i-OA yamadolo.

2. Yenza umthambo rhoqo

Ukuzilolonga kubalulekile ukuba une-OA emadolweni. Inokukunceda:

• lawula ubunzima bakho
• Yakha amandla omzimba wokuxhasa idolo lakho
• hlala uhambayo
• ukunciphisa uxinzelelo

Imisebenzi efanelekileyo ibandakanya ukusebenza kwe-aerobic eneempembelelo eziphantsi, kubandakanya:

• ukuhamba ngebhayisikile
• ukuhamba
• ukuqubha okanye enye i-aerobics yamanzi
• tai chi
• iyoga
• ukuzolula, ukomeleza kunye nokuzilolonga

Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile emileyo kunokukunceda ukugcina amandla kwi-quadriceps kunye namaqela emisipha yomsipha ngaphandle kokufaka uxinzelelo kumalungu akho emadolo. Usebenzisa ezi zihlunu, ngaphambili nasemva kwamathanga akho, xa usukuma kwindawo ohleli kuyo. Bayanceda ukuzinzisa idolo.

Ugqirha okanye ingcali yomzimba inokukunceda ulungiselele inkqubo efanelekileyo.

Iingcali zicebisa ukusebenza nomqeqeshi okanye ukuzilolonga nabanye abantu ukukunceda uhlale ukhuthazekile. Kungalula njengokumema umhlobo, ummelwane, okanye ilungu losapho ukuba likujoyine kuhambo lwemihla ngemihla. Oku kuyakwenza umthambo umsitho wentlalo kunye nokuzilolonga.

3. Amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu

Ngaphezulu kwekhawuntari (i-OTC) kunye namayeza amiselweyo anokunceda ekuthomalaliseni iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-OA emadolweni.

Olunye ukhetho lwe-OTC olunokukunceda ulawule iintlungu ezinobunzima kunye nokuphazamiseka kubandakanya:

• iziyobisi ezichasayo (ii-NSAID), ezinje nge-ibuprofen (Advil okanye iMotrin)
• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol), ukuba awukwazi ukunyamezela ii-NSAID
• Amalungiselelo eengxoxo aqukethe ii-NSAID okanye i-capsaicin

Ukuba amayeza e-OTC awasebenzi, ugqirha unokumisela:

• duloxetine (ICymbalta)
• yerengqine

ITramadol sisiyobisi seopioid. I-ACR / AF ayikukhuthazi ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ze-opioid, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa ukuxhomekeka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanye amayeza akasebenzi, ugqirha unokuyalela i-opioid.

4. Olunye unyango

Ukongeza kwimithambo kunye namayeza, ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinganyanga kunokunceda ulawule ngcono i-OA yamadolo. Oku kubandakanya:

• imisebenzi yolawulo loxinzelelo, enje ngeyoga kunye netai chi
• ukutshiza
• ukufudumeza kunye neepakethe ezibandayo zokuphelisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba
• unyango olusebenzayo, olunokufundisa ngeendlela ezintsha zokulawula imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• unyango lokuqonda, olunokukunceda ulawule iintlungu, ukungakhululeki, kunye noxinzelelo lokuhlala unemeko engapheliyo

I-ACR / AF ayikukhuthazi ukuthanjiswa, unyango olusebenzayo, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) ye-OA emadolweni. Uphando alubonisanga ukuba ezi ndlela zonyango ziluncedo. Oko kwathiwa, ukuphulula kunokuba nezibonelelo ezingaphaya kwezo zihambelana ngqo nokungaphatheki kakuhle kwe-OA, kubandakanya ukunciphisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo.

Abanye abantu basebenzisa i-colchicine, i-oyile yentlanzi, okanye ivithamin D ye-OA, kodwa iingcali azizicebisi ezi, njengoko zingakhange zibonise izibonelelo kwizifundo zesayensi. Ukongeza, icolchicine inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje kurhudo kunye nokugabha.

I-ACR / AF icebisa abantu ukuba baphephe amayeza afana ne-glucosamine, i-chondroitin sulfate, i-hydroxychloroquine, inaliti ye-Botox, kunye ne-hyaluronic acid injections, njengoko bungekho ubungqina obaneleyo bokubonisa ukuba bakhuselekile okanye bayasebenza.

5. Isteroid yesitofu

Kwiintlungu ezinzima kunye nokudumba, ugqirha unokufaka inaliti yeglucocorticoids okanye i-corticosteroids ngqo kwilungu.

Ezi zinokubonelela ngoncedo lwethutyana, kodwa aziboneleli ngoncedo. Ukufakwa ngenaliti rhoqo kwe-steroid kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalunganga, ke ugqirha uhlala ekunciphiseni oku kunyango.

6. Utyando

Ukuba iintlungu ezidibeneyo ziba nzima, kwaye ezinye iindlela zonyango azincedi, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando lokunyanga i-OA emadolweni.

Utyando lwearthroscopic

Le yinkqubo encinci yokungenelela apho ugqirha osebenzisa iArthroscope, uhlobo lwekhamera, ukujonga ngaphakathi kwedolo.

Ngelixa besenza njalo, banokulungisa kwakhona ukwenzakala okanye ukucoca inkunkuma, enjengamaqhekeza amathambo, edibeneyo ukuze alondoloze ngcono izicwili ezidibeneyo.

Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu, kwaye kuyancipha kunokuhlinzwa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unayo i-OA emadolweni, usenokufumanisa ukuba uyakufuna ukutshintshwa kwamadolo ngokupheleleyo kwixesha elizayo.

Osteotomy

NgokweAmerican Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS), i-osteotomy inokukunceda ukuba unqanaba lokuqala le-OA edolweni elichaphazela ithambo kwelinye icala lendibaniselwano.

Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uya kusika kwaye abumbe kwakhona ithambo. Oku kuyakuthatha uxinzelelo kwindawo eyenzakeleyo kwaye kulungelelanise ulungelelwaniso lwamathambo.

Inokulunga ukuba:

• Ziyasebenza, zingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60, kwaye azityebile
• Iintlungu kwelinye icala ledolo
• une-OA ikakhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi okanye ukuma ixesha elide

Olu hlobo lotyando lunokunceda ukuyeka okanye ukucothisa inkqubela phambili yomonakalo odibeneyo.

Ukutshintsha idolo ngokupheleleyo

Xa kuguqulwa idolo ngokupheleleyo, ugqirha wotyando ususa izicwili kunye nethambo elonakeleyo kwaye ubeke endaweni yedolo ngokudibeneyo.

Banokukwenza oku ngotyando oluvulekileyo okanye oluncinci olungenelelayo. Izinto ezinje ngenqanaba lomsebenzi kunye nempilo iyonke yomntu ngamnye inceda oogqirha ukuba babone ukuba lolona khetho lulungileyo na.

Izizathu ezi-5 zokuqwalaselwa kotyando lokuTshintsha amadolo

Umbono: Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

Ukuba i-OA ibangela iintlungu kunye nokuqina emadolweni, inyathelo lokuqala kukucela ugqirha ukuba akuncede uze nesicwangciso sonyango olwenzelwe wena. Ungenelelo lwakwangoko yeyona ndlela yokuthintela umonakalo odibeneyo ekubeni ungonwabi-kwaye ube buhlungu-ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Buza ugqirha wakho malunga neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuzilolonga kunye namayeza. Kuyanceda ukuxoxa ukuba ingaba inkqubo yokunciphisa umzimba ikulungele na. Oku, kunye nolunye utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, zihlala zihlehlisa isidingo sotyando iminyaka eliqela.

Ngonyango olululo, unokufumana isiqabu osidingayo ukuze ulawule ngcono iimpawu zakho kwaye uhlale usebenza.