Unyango lwePsoriasis

Umxholo

• Izihloko zonyango lwe-psoriasis
• Iimpawu zeVitamin D
• Izithambiso zelahle yamalahle okanye amafutha okuthambisa
• Iishampu zenyukliya
• I-salicylic acid kunye ne-lactic acid
• Unyango lwenkqubo yepsoriasis
• Imethotrexate
• ICclosporine
• PDE4 inhibitors
• Ii-retinoids
• IHydroxyurea
• Iziyobisi ze-Immunomodulator (i-biologics)
• Thioguanine
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho kwilebula
  
• I-Phototherapy (unyango olukhanyayo)
• Ukukhanya kwelanga
• Unyango lwe-UVB
• Unyango lukaGoeckerman
• Umatshini weLaser
• I-Photochemotherapy, okanye i-psoralen kunye ne-ultraviolet A (PUVA)
• Idayi laser edayiweyo

Ushwankathelo

Ukunyanga i-psoriasis kufuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokubandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, isondlo, ukufotowa, kunye namayeza. Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhali beempawu zakho, ubudala bakho, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nezinye izinto.

Akukho lunyango lwe-psoriasis, ke oogqirha baya kuhlala bezama iindlela ezininzi ngaphambi kokufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe.

Ukhetho kunyango lwe-psoriasis luxhomekeke kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ubukhali be psoriasis yakho
• kangakanani umzimba wakho ochaphazelekayo
• uhlobo lwakho lwepsoriasis
• ulusu lwakho lusabela njani kunyango lokuqala

Unyango oluninzi oluqhelekileyo lwenzelwe ukunyanga iimpawu zesi sifo. Bazama ukuthambisa ulusu olurhawuzayo nolubhabha kwaye banciphise ukuvutha komsindo. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-over-the-counter (OTC) i-moisturizers emva kokuhlamba kunye neeshawa kunokunceda ukugcina umswakama kwesikhumba ukukhusela ukuphazamiseka. Kodwa ayizukunyanga ukudumba okungaphantsi.

Oogqirha besikhumba bacebisa ukuba abantu abane-psoriasis basebenzise iisepha ezingenasisiqholo kunye nedayi, iisepha, kunye nezinto zokuthambisa ukugcina ukucaphuka kolusu kuncinci.

Apha, siza kuchaza unyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-psoriasis, ukusuka kunyango lokuqala njengama-topical cream ukuya kwiklasi entsha yamachiza abizwa ngokuba yi-biologics.

Izihloko zonyango lwe-psoriasis

Unyango olusetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo kulusu lubizwa ngokuba lonyango olusisigxina. Ziquka:

• izithambiso
• Amafutha
• into yokuthambisa
• iigel

Bahlala bengumqolo wokuqala kunyango kubantu abane-psoriasis emnene ukuya phakathi. Ngamanye amaxesha, zisetyenziswa ngokudibanisa nolunye uhlobo lonyango.

Iicorticosteroid ezinamafutha nezithambiso zezona zixhaphakileyo kunyango lwepsoriasis. Olu nyango lwe-steroid ephantsi lusebenza ukulawula imveliso egqithisileyo yeeseli zolusu kunye nokuthomalalisa ulusu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-corticosteroids zibandakanya ii-steroids ezinamandla ezinokuthi zenze ukuba iimpawu zakho zibe mandundu. Ugqirha wakho uya kwazi amandla afanelekileyo okunciphisa iimpawu zakho, endaweni yokuzandisa.

Iingqungquthela ze-retinoids zihlobo oluthile lonyango olusisiphumo esivela kwivithamini A. Basebenza ukulungelelanisa umsebenzi wokukhula kwiiseli zesikhumba. Oku kuyicothisa inkqubo yokuvuvukala. Nangona kungasebenzi ngokukhawuleza njenge-corticosteroid ointments, i-retinoids yeengqungquthela ineempembelelo ezimbalwa. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abanokukhulelwa akufuneki basebenzise ezi zinto ngenxa yomngcipheko wokukhubazeka kokuzalwa.

Iimpawu zeVitamin D

Ezi ziindlela zokwenziwa zevithamini D ezithi zinciphise ukukhula kweseli yolusu. Ugqirha wakho unokumyalela yedwa okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango ukunyanga i-psoriasis ethambileyo ukuya kumodareyitha. Ziquka:

• i-calcipotriene (iDovonex)
• ikhalori (Rocaltrol)

Izithambiso zelahle yamalahle okanye amafutha okuthambisa

Itha yamalahle lolona nyango ludala lwepsoriasis. Yenziwe yimveliso yokuveliswa kwepetroleum. Iimveliso zelahle yamalahle zinciphisa ukukala, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nokudumba. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu luyafumaneka ngugqirha.

Ezi khrimu zinendawo ethile esezantsi, nangona kunjalo. Itha yamalahle iyabheda, kwaye inokudyobha impahla kunye neebhedi. Inokuba nephunga eliqinileyo nelingathandekiyo.

Iishampu zenyukliya

Unyango kunye neyeza elimandla-amandla e-shampoos ayafumaneka kugqirha wakho ukunyanga i-psoriasis kwentloko yakho.

I-salicylic acid kunye ne-lactic acid

Zombini ezi asidi zikhuthaza ukutyibilika kweeseli zolusu olufileyo, nto leyo enciphisa ukukala. Zingasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo nezinye iindlela zonyango. Zifumaneka kwi-OTC kunye neefomula zogqirha.

Unyango lwenkqubo yepsoriasis

Amayeza amiselweyo anokunceda ekulweni ukusasazeka kwe-psoriasis ngokujongana nokudumba.

Oogqirha bahlala bekhetha ukusebenzisa elona nqanaba lisezantsi lonyango olufunekayo ukumisa iimpawu. Baqala ngonyango lweengxoxo kwiimeko ezininzi. Njengoko ulusu luba lukhuni kwaye lungasabeli kunyango olunye, unyango olunamandla lunokusetyenziswa.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza omlomo okanye atofelweyo ukuba i-psoriasis inzima kakhulu okanye ayiphenduli kukhetho lwezihloko. Uninzi lwala machiza aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ke oogqirha banciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima okanye ezingapheliyo.

Imethotrexate

I-Methotrexate inciphisa ukuveliswa kweeseli zolusu kwaye icinezela ukuphendula komzimba. Oogqirha bahlala beyalela oku kubantu abane-psoriasis ephakathi. Olunye lolona nyango lusebenzayo kubantu abane-erythrodermic psoriasis okanye i-pustular psoriasis. Kutshanje, oogqirha sele beqalisile ukumisela njengonyango lwe-psoriatic arthritis ngokunjalo.

Iziphumo ziquka:

• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukudinwa
• isisu esimoshakele

ICclosporine

ICyclosporine sisiyobisi esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu esenzelwe ukucinezela amajoni omzimba. Oogqirha bahlala bemisela eli chiza kuphela kubantu abanamatyala abukhali e-psoriasis ngenxa yokuba buthathaka amajoni omzimba.

Uninzi loogqirha lukwanikezela ukuba eli chiza lifutshane ubude bexesha ngenxa yomngcipheko woxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ukuba uthatha eli yeza, uyakufuna uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo kunye novavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iingxaki ezinokubakho.

PDE4 inhibitors

Inye kuphela ichiza lomlomo, elibizwa ngokuba yi-apremilast (Otezla), elikhoyo ngoku kule klasi intsha yamachiza e-psoriasis. Akuqondwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba i-apremilast isebenza njani ukunyanga i-psoriasis. Kucingelwa ukuba kusebenza ngokunciphisa impendulo yomzimba wakho kukudumba.

Ii-retinoids

I-Retinoids yenziwe ngeevitamin A. Banyanga i-psoriasis yokumodareyitha ngokuqatha kwimveliso yeeseli zolusu. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uzisebenzise ngonyango olukhanyayo.

Njengakwamanye amayeza enkqubo, ezi zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili. Ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukukhangela i-cholesterol ephezulu, eyingxaki eqhelekileyo kubantu abakule nyango. I-Retinoids nayo inokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abanqwenela ukukhulelwa akufuneki bathathe la mayeza.

I-retinoid yomlomo evunyiweyo kuphela ye-FDA kunyango lwe-psoriasis yi-acitretin (Soriatane).

IHydroxyurea

IHydroxyurea yeyodidi lweziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba ziiantimetabolites. Kucingelwa ukusebenza ngokuthintela ukuphindaphindeka kwe-DNA. Ingasetyenziselwa unyango lwe-phototherapy, kodwa ayisebenzi njenge-cyclosporine kunye ne-methotrexate.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zibandakanya amanqanaba egazi elibomvu aphantsi kakhulu (i-anemia) kunye nokwehla kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abaceba ukukhulelwa akufuneki bathathe i-hydroxyurea ngenxa yomngcipheko weziphene zokuzalwa kunye nokuphuphuma kwesisu.

Iziyobisi ze-Immunomodulator (i-biologics)

I-Biologics yiklasi elitsha leziyobisi ezijolise ekuphenduleni komzimba wakho. La machiza anikwa ngenaliti okanye ukufakwa ngaphakathi (IV). Oogqirha bahlala bewanika abantu abanomodareyitha ukuya kwi-psoriasis engakhange baphendule kunyango lwesintu.

I-biologics evunyiweyo kunyango lwe-psoriasis zezi:

• adalimumab (Humira)
• I-etanercept (i-Enbrel)
• isatifikethi (Cimzia)
• infliximab (I-Remicade)
• ustekinumab (uStelara)
• secukinumab (iCosentyx)
• ixekizumab (iTaltz)
• brodalumab (uSiliq)
• guselkumab (Tremfya)
• itildrakizumab (Ilumya)
• I-risankizumab (iSkyrizi)

I-Biosimilars nazo zisanda kubakho, ezifana negama legama le-biologic, kodwa kungekhona ikopi echanekileyo. Kulindeleke ukuba babe neziphumo ezifanayo neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo. Kukho ii-biosimilars ezikhoyo ze-infliximab kunye ne-etanercept.

Thioguanine

I-Thioguanine isetyenziswe ngaphandle kwelebula ukunyanga i-psoriasis. Ngelixa ingasebenzi njenge-methotrexate okanye i-cyclosporine, i-thioguanine ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa. Oku kuyenza inketho yonyango enomtsalane. Nangona kunjalo, isenokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abaceba ukukhulelwa kufuneka bakuphephe ukuyithatha.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho kwilebula

• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngaphandle kwelebheli kuthetha ukuba ichiza elivunyiweyo yi-FDA ngenjongo enye lisetyenziselwa injongo eyahlukileyo engavunyelwanga. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha usenokulisebenzisa iyeza ukulungiselela loo njongo. Kungenxa yokuba i-FDA ilawula ukuvavanywa kunye nokuvunywa kwamachiza, kodwa hayi indlela abagqirha abazisebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi ukunyanga izigulana zabo. Ke, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ichiza kodwa bacinga ukuba kokona kulungileyo ukukhathalela kwakho.

I-Phototherapy (unyango olukhanyayo)

I-Phototherapy yinkqubo apho ulusu lubonakaliswe ngononophelo kwimitha yendalo okanye yokukhanya ye-ultraviolet (UV).

Kubalulekile ukuba uxoxe nge-phototherapy kunye nedermatologist ngaphambi kokuzibeka kwiidosi eziphezulu zokukhanya kwe-UV. I-phototherapy yexesha elide inxulunyaniswa neziganeko ezandayo zomhlaza wolusu, ngakumbi i-melanoma. Ungaze uzame ukuzinyanga ngokwakho ngebhedi yoqhushumbiso okanye nge sunbathing.

Ukukhanya kwelanga

Owona mthombo wendalo wokukhanya kwe-UV lilanga. Ivelisa imitha ye-UVA. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kunciphisa ukuveliswa kweeseli T kwaye ekugqibeleni kubulale nayiphi na iiseli ze-T ezenziweyo. Oku kunciphisa impendulo yokuvuvukala kunye nokubuya kweseli kwesikhumba.

Ukuboniswa okufutshane kwimilinganiselo encinci yelanga kunokuphucula i-psoriasis. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga okanye ixesha elide elangeni kunokwenza iimpawu zibe mandundu. Inokubangela nokonakala kolusu kwaye inokunyusa amathuba akho okuba nomhlaza wolusu.

Unyango lwe-UVB

Kwiimeko ezinobulali ze-psoriasis, unyango lokukhanya olwenziwe ngokukhanya kwe-UVB lunokusetyenziswa.Ngenxa yokuba iibhokisi ezikhanyayo ezikhupha i-UVB zisetyenziswa rhoqo kolu hlobo lonyango, iipatches ezizodwa okanye iindawo ezincinci zesikhumba zinokunyangwa, endaweni yokuveza umzimba uphela.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zibandakanya ukurhawuzelela, isikhumba esomileyo kunye nobomvu kwiindawo ezinyangiweyo.

Unyango lukaGoeckerman

Ukudibanisa unyango lwe-UVB kunye nonyango lwelahle lwelahle kwenza ukuba ezi zonyango zimbini zisebenze ngakumbi kunonyango olunye kuphela. Itha yamalahle yenza ulusu lwamkele ukukhanya kwe-UVB. Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa iimeko ezinobulali ukuya kweziphakathi.

Umatshini weLaser

Unyango lwe-Laser luphuhliso oluthembisayo kunyango lwe-psoriasis emnene ukuya phakathi. I-Lasers inokujolisa kwimitha eqokelelweyo yokukhanya kwe-UVB kwimigca ye-psoriatic ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ulusu olujikelezileyo. Kodwa kunokuba luncedo kuphela ekunyangeni ii-patches ezincinci kuba i-laser ayinakho ukugubungela indawo ezinkulu.

I-Photochemotherapy, okanye i-psoralen kunye ne-ultraviolet A (PUVA)

I-Psoralen lunyango olunika amandla ukukhanya olunokudityaniswa nonyango lokukhanya lwe-UVA njengonyango lwepsoriasis. Izigulana zithatha amayeza okanye zisebenzise i-cream cream kulusu kwaye zifake ibhokisi yokukhanya ye-UVA. Olu nyango lundlongondlongo ngakumbi kwaye luhlala lusetyenziswa kuphela kwizigulana ezinamatyala aphakathi ukuya kwamandundu e-psoriasis.

Idayi laser edayiweyo

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-laser yedayi edayiweyo ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango aziphumeleli. Le nkqubo itshabalalisa imithambo yegazi emincinci kwiindawo ezijikeleze iiplathi, ukusika ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokunciphisa ukukhula kweseli kuloo ndawo.