Yintoni ebalulekileyo ye-thrombocythemia, iimpawu, ukuxilongwa kunye nendlela yokunyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngaba kubalulekile ukuba nomhlaza we-thrombocythemia?
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo

I-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo, okanye i-TE, sisifo se-hematological esibonakala ngokwanda koxinaniso lwegazi egazini, elonyusa umngcipheko we-thrombosis kunye nokopha.

Esi sifo sihlala singabonakali, ukufunyanwa kuphela emva kokubalwa kwegazi rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa kuphela ngugqirha emva kokungabandakanyi ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela ukwanda kweeplatelets, ezinje nge-iron anemia, umzekelo.

Unyango luhlala lusenziwa ngamachiza akwazi ukunciphisa inani leeplatelets egazini kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-thrombosis, kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe njengokuyalelwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wegazi.

Iimpawu eziphambili

I-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo ihlala ingenasifo, kuqatshelwa kuphela emva kokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi, umzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubangela ezinye iimpawu, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ukutshisa imvakalelo ezinyaweni nasezandleni;
• I-Splenomegaly, eyokukhulisa udakada;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Ukubila;
• Ubuthathaka;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ubumfama bethutyana, obunokuba nenxalenye okanye buphelele;
• Ukuhla ukusinda.

Ukongeza, abantu abafunyaniswe ukuba une-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo basemngciphekweni okhulayo we-thrombosis kunye nokopha. Esi sifo sixhaphake kubantu abangaphezulu kwama-60, kodwa sinokwenzeka nakwiminyaka engaphantsi kwama-40.

Ngaba kubalulekile ukuba nomhlaza we-thrombocythemia?

I-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo ayingomhlaza, kuba akukho kwanda kweeseli ezinobungozi, kodwa iiseli eziqhelekileyo, kulo mzekelo, iiplatelets, ezibonisa imeko ye-thrombocytosis okanye i-thrombocytosis. Esi sifo sihlala sizinzile kangangesithuba seminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20 kwaye sinenqanaba eliphantsi lenguqu kwi-leukemic, engaphantsi kwe-5%.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wegazi ngokweempawu kunye neempawu eziboniswe sisigulana, ukongeza kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwaselebhu. Kukwabalulekile ukungabandakanyi ezinye izinto ezibangela ukwanda kweeplatelet, ezinje ngezifo ezikruthayo, i-myelodysplasia kunye nokusilela kwentsimbi, umzekelo. Zazi ezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokwandiswa kweplatelet.

Ukuxilongwa kwelabhoratri ye-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo kwenziwa okokuqala ngohlalutyo lobalo lwegazi, apho ukonyuka kweeplatelets kujongwa khona, enexabiso elingaphezulu kweeplatelets / mm³ zegazi ezingama-450,000. Ngokwesiqhelo, uxinzelelo lweplatelet luyaphindaphindwa ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo ukubona ukuba ixabiso lihlala lenyukile.

Ukuba iiplatelets ziyagcinwa, kuvavanyo lwemfuzo lwenziwa ukujonga ubukho benguquko enokuthi ibonakalise i-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo, i-JAK2 V617F mutation, ekhoyo ngaphezulu kwe-50% yezigulana. Ukuba ubukho bolu tshintsho bungqinisisiwe, kufanelekile ukuba ungabandakanyi ukubakho kwezinye izifo ezinobungozi kunye nokujonga ukugcinwa kwentsimbi yesondlo.

Ngamanye amaxesha kungenziwa umongo wethambo, apho ukonyuka koxinano lwee-megakaryocyte, ezingaphambi kweeseli zegazi zeeplatelets.

Unyango lwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo

Unyango lwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-thrombosis kunye nokopha, kwaye kuhlala kucetyiswa ngugqirha ukusebenzisa amayeza ukunciphisa inani leeplatelets egazini, ezinje ngeAnagrelide kunye neHydroxyurea, umzekelo.

I-Hydroxyurea liyeza elinconyelwa ukuba lijongwe njengabantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu, oko kukuthi, ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala, babenesiqendu se-thrombosis kwaye babeneplatelet count engaphezulu kwe-1500000 / mm³ yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, eli chiza linezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinje ngokunyuka kwesikhumba, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.

Unyango lwezigulana ezibonakaliswe njengomngcipheko ophantsi, abo bangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, zihlala zenziwa nge-acetylsalicylic acid ngokokukhokelwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wegazi.

Ukongeza, ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-thrombosis kubalulekile ukunqanda ukutshaya nokunyanga izifo ezinokubakho, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi, ukutyeba kakhulu kunye neswekile, njengoko zisonyusa umngcipheko we-thrombosis. Yazi ukuba wenzeni ukuthintela i-thrombosis.