Tularemia: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zeTularemia
• Ukudluliselwa kwenzeka njani ebantwini
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ungazikhusela njani kwi-tularemia

I-Tularemia sisifo esosulelayo esinqabileyo nesaziwa ngokuba ngumvundla womvundla, kuba eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yosulelo kukudibana kwabantu nesilwanyana esosulelekileyo. Esi sifo sibangelwa yintsholongwaneUFrancisella tularensis esihlala sichaphazela izilwanyana zasendle, ezinjengeempuku, imivundla kunye nemivundla, enokuthi yosulele abantu kwaye ibangele iingxaki ezinokubangela ukufa.

Ngaphandle kokubulala, i-tularemia inonyango olulula nolusebenzayo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics kuyacetyiswa malunga neentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-21 ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha. I-Tularemia ixhaphake kakhulu emantla e-United States, eYurophu nase-Asiya, kungekho matyala axeliweyo eBrazil, nangona kunjalo xa kunokwenzeka, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wazise iSebe lezeMpilo ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo ayimfuneko, njengoko kunyanzelekile isifo.

Iimpawu zeTularemia

Iimpawu zosulelo kunye nebhaktiriya zinokuthatha iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-14, nangona kunjalo kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba iimpawu zokuqala zivele kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuvezwa. Iimpawu zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nendlela ibhaktheriya engena ngayo emzimbeni, nokuba kungumoya, ukunxibelelana nezilwanyana ezingcolileyo, inwebu yangaphakathi okanye ukungenisa amanzi angcolileyo, umzekelo.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-tularemia kukuvela kwesilonda esincinci kulusu ekunzima ukusinyanga kwaye sihlala sihamba nomkhuhlane omkhulu. Ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezinokwenzeka kwimeko yosulelo ziibhaktheriya zezi:

• Ukudumba nkovu iindawo;
• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukudinwa;
• Intlungu yomzimba;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Malaise;
• Ukukhohlela owomileyo;
• Umqala obuhkungu;
• Iintlungu zesifuba.

Njengoko iimpawu ziyahluka ngokwendlela ibhaktheriya engena ngayo emzimbeni, kunokubakho:

• Umqala obuhlungu, iintlungu zesisu, urhudo kunye nokugabha, ukuba umntu usele amanzi angcolileyo;
• I-Septicemia okanye inyumoniya, ukuba ibhaktiriya ingene emzimbeni ngendlela yomoya, iyenza ifikelele egazini ngokulula;
• Ububomvu emehlweni, amehlo anamanzi kunye nobukho bolusu, xa intsholongwane ingena ngamehlo.

Ukuchongwa kweTularemia kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo lweempawu kunye nesiphumo segazi kunye neemvavanyo ze-microbiological ezichonga ubukho begciwane. Kubalulekile ukuba umntu akwazi ukubona ukuba unxibelelwano kunye ne-bacteria lwenzeka njani ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo kwakhona.

Kubalulekile ukuba unyango luqaliswe kwakamsinya emva kokuxilongwa ukuthintela ibacteria ekusasazeni iye kwamanye amalungu omzimba kwaye ibangele iingxaki.

Ukudluliselwa kwenzeka njani ebantwini

Abantu bangangcoliswa kukudibana namakhalane, iintakumba, iintwala, iingcongconi kunye neempukane, nangokusetyenziswa kwamanzi angcolileyo, okanye ngokudibana negazi, izicwili okanye i-viscera yezilwanyana ezosulelekileyo. Ezinye iindlela zongcoliseko zibandakanya ukutya inyama, ukulunywa okanye ukukrwempa sisilwanyana esingcolileyo, kunye nokuphefumla uthuli lomhlaba, iinkozo okanye intsimbi.

Inyama yemivundla yasendle engcolileyo, nokuba igcinwe kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, anje nge -15ºC isasele isulelekile emva kweminyaka emi-3, kwaye ke xa kuthe kwakho ubhubhane, akukhuthazwa ukuba utye imivundla okanye imvundla.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ngaphandle kwesifo esinqabileyo kwaye esihlala sibulala, unyango ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane lusebenza kakuhle, ukubanakho ukuphelisa ibhaktheriya emzimbeni kwiiveki ezimbalwa kwaye kuthintele iingxaki ezinokuvela njengoko ibhaktheriya yanda kwaye isasazeka.

Ke, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aqhelekileyo aboniswe ngugqirha ukunyanga i-tularemia yiStreptomycin, Gentamicin, Doxycycline kunye neCiprofloxacin, ezihlala zisetyenziselwa iintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezingama-21 ngokwenqanaba lesi sifo kunye nesithinteli esikhethwe ngugqirha. Kukwabalulekile ukuba uviwo lokuchonga ibacteria lwenziwe ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba unyango luyasebenza na, kwaye isidingo sokutshintsha okanye sokuqhubeka kwakhona nokunyanga siqinisekisiwe.

Kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, iintsana kunye nabantwana ugqirha unokuthatha isigqibo sokugcina isibhedlele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufudumeza okufanelekileyo kwaye ngexa lokukhulelwa, umngcipheko / isibonelelo sokusebenzisa i-antibiotics iGentamicin kunye ne-Ciprofloxacin, ezichaseneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo, kodwa zeziphi ilungele unyango lwesi sifo.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-tularemia

Ukuzikhusela kwiTularemia, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukutya ukutya okanye amanzi okusela angangcolisekanga kwaye unxibe iigloves kunye neemaski xa uphethe isilwanyana esigulayo okanye esifileyo esingangcoliseka. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izinto ezigxothayo kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde kunye neblawuzi ukukhusela ulusu ekulunyweni zinambuzane ezisenokuba zingcoliswe ziintsholongwane.