Ithumba lesibindi: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nendlela yokwenziwa kwonyango

Umxholo

• Yintoni enokuba yithumba esibindini
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zesisu sesibindi
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Utyando lwesibindi
• Ngaba iyanyangeka ithumba lesibindi?

Ithumba lesibindi liphawulwa bubukho bobunzima kweli lungu, kodwa oku akusoloko kungumqondiso womhlaza. Ubunzima besibindi buqhelekile emadodeni nakwabasetyhini kwaye kunokuthetha i-hemangioma okanye i-hepatocellular adenoma, enezilonda ezinobungozi. Nangona kunjalo, nangona bengengawo umhlaza kunokubangela ukwanda kwesibindi okanye ukuphuma kwegazi.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezibonakaliswe ngumntu kunye nobungqongqo be-tumor, kwaye kunokuboniswa ngugqirha kuphela ngokujonga ukuvela kwethumba kunye neempawu okanye utyando lokususa ithumba okanye inxenye yesibindi. Ithumba lesibindi liyanyangeka ukuba lichongwe kwangethuba kwaye lanyangwa ngokweengcebiso zonyango.

Yintoni enokuba yithumba esibindini

Amathumba esibindini anokuba nobungozi okanye abe mbi. I-Benigns ayisasazeki kwenye indawo yomzimba, ayinabungozi emngciphekweni kwaye inokuba:

• IHemangioma: lelona thumba liqhelekileyo lesibindi kwaye lihambelana nesiqhuqhuva esincinci esenziwe kukuxinana kwemithambo yegazi engabangeli zimpawu. Yazi ukuba yintoni i-hemangioma kwaye inokuba nzima nini.
• Ingqwalaselo ye-nodular hyperplasia: Isizathu sesi sifo sinobuhlungu asiqondwa kakuhle, nangona kunjalo inokuthi ihambelane notshintsho ekuhambeni kwegazi.
• I-adenoma yesibindi: ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 kwaye idla ngokubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo ixesha elide. Jonga ukuba kwenzeka njani ukufumanisa isifo se-adenoma yesibindi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho.

Amathumba amabi abangela iimpawu kwaye zihlala zisisiphumo semetastasis evela kumhlaza wamathumbu, umzekelo. Ezona thumba ziphambili zibindayo sesibindi zezi:

• I-hepatocellular carcinoma okanye i-hepatocarcinoma: lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesibindi, luqatha ngakumbi kwaye luvela kwiiseli ezenza isibindi, iihepatocytes;
• I-angiosarcoma yesibindi: Sisifo sethumba esiseludongeni lomthambo wegazi okhoyo esibindini kwaye kwenzeka ngenxa yokuvezwa kwezinto ezinobuthi, ezinjenge-vinyl chloride;
• ICholangiocarcinoma: luhlobo lwethumba oluvela kwimibhobho yenyongo kwaye ihlala ivela kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-60 nama-70 ubudala;
• IHepatoblastoma: luhlobo olunqabileyo lwethumba esibindini, oluhlala lwenzeka kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala kwaye lukhuthaza imveliso yehomoni (hCG), ekhawulezisa inkqubo yokufikisa, ebangela ukufikisa kwangethuba.

Abantu abanamanqatha kwisibindi sabo, bane-cirrhosis yesibindi okanye basebenzise i-anabolic steroids basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana ithumba elibi kwisibindi sabo. Yazi indlela yokuchonga iimpawu zomhlaza wesibindi.

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zesisu sesibindi

Izibilini zesibindi seBenign zihlala zingabangeli iimpawu kwaye zihlala zifunyanwa kuvavanyo oluqhelekileyo. Kwelinye icala, ezimbi, zineempawu ezinje ngezi:

• Ubukho besisu esiswini;
• Iintlungu zesisu okanye ukungonwabi;
• Ukopha esibindini;
• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Isisu esidumbileyo;
• Malaise;
• Isikhumba esimthubi namehlo.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba zichongiwe iimpawu, ugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye i-hepatologist unokucela ukuba kusebenze iimviwo zokuqonda isifo, ezinje nge-ultrasound, i-computed tomography okanye imaging resonance imaging yokuqinisekisa isifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza i-biopsy ukwenza isifo.

Kwimeko yamathumba anobungozi, ezi mvavanyo zihlala zicelwa ukuba ziphande ngayo nayiphi na imeko engahambelani nesibindi. Uvavanyo lwegazi kwiimeko ezininzi alibonisi ukwenzeka kwezi ntlobo zamathumba, njengoko imisebenzi yesibindi ngokubanzi ihlala iqhelekile okanye iphakanyisiwe kancinci.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwethumba lesibindi luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kodwa linokubandakanya ukubonakaliswa kwemitha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha utyando lunokuba yimfuneko ukususa ithumba okanye icandelo lesibindi elonakalisiweyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwizidumba zesibindi kuhlala kungaboniswanga, njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokulungiswa kweziyobisi eqhutywa esibindini kwaye xa eli lungu lisengozini kungabikho ndlela ichanekileyo yokwenza ichiza okanye kunokubangela ukonakala ngakumbi kwilungu. Kubalulekile ukuba ufune isikhokelo kugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye kwi-hepatologist ngolwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nonyango.

Utyando lwesibindi

Utyando lwe-tumor ludinga i-anesthesia ngokubanzi kwaye umntu makahlale esibhedlele iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nobungqongqo balo, ugqirha unokukhetha ukungalwenzi utyando.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokukhetha ukungasusi ithumba okanye isibindi, kodwa ajonge ukuvela kwethumba kwaye athathe isigqibo sokwenza ungenelelo lotyando xa ithumba linokubeka esichengeni ukusebenza kwelungu. Ke, ugqirha unokukhetha ukususa ithumba okanye inxenye yesibindi ukusombulula imeko yesigulana.

Ngaba iyanyangeka ithumba lesibindi?

Ithumba lesibindi liyanyangeka xa isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwe ngokufanelekileyo. Isibonakaliso sonyango lwe-radiotherapy, i-chemotherapy okanye utyando luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yethumba, nokuba lihambile okanye hayi kwaye nakwimpilo yomntu ngokubanzi.