Kuthetha ntoni uhlobo lwam lokukhwehlela?

Umxholo

• Ukukhwehlela okumanzi
• Unyango lwesikhohlela esimanzi
• Ukukhohlela owomileyo
• I-COVID-19 kunye nokukhohlela okomileyo
• Unyango lwesikhohlela esomileyo
• Ukhohlokhohlo Paroxysmal
• Unyango lwesikhohlela separoxysmal
• Isikhohlela secroup
• Unyango lokukhohlela croup
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Ukuthatha

Ukukhohlela yindlela yomzimba wakho yokususa isicaphukisi.

Xa into icaphukisa umqala wakho okanye indlela yomoya, inkqubo yakho yemithambo ithumela isilumkiso kwingqondo yakho. Ingqondo yakho iyaphendula ngokuxelela izihlunu ezisesifubeni kunye nesisu ukuba zenze isivumelwano kwaye zikhuphe umoya ovuthuzayo.

Ukukhwehlela yinto ebalulekileyo yokuzikhusela enceda ukukhusela umzimba wakho kwizicaphukisi ezinje:

• yencindi
• umsi
• i-allergener, njengothuli, ukungunda kunye nomungu

Ukukhohlela luphawu lwezifo ezininzi kunye neemeko. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zokukhwehlela kwakho zinokukunika isikhombisi sesona sizathu.

Ukukhwehlela kunokuchazwa ngu:

• Ukuziphatha okanye amava. Kwenzeka nini kwaye kutheni kukho ukukhohlela? Ngaba kusebusuku, emva kokutya, okanye xa usenza umthambo?
• Iimpawu. Ukukhala kwakho kuvakala njani okanye uziva njani? Ukuqhekeza, kumanzi, okanye komile?
• Ubude bexesha. Ngaba ukukhwehlela kwakho kuhlala ngaphantsi kweeveki ezi-2, iiveki ezi-6, okanye ngaphezulu kweeveki ezisi-8?
• Iziphumo. Ngaba ukukhwehlela kwakho kubangela iimpawu ezinxulumene nokungahambi kakuhle komchamo, ukugabha okanye ukungalali?
• IBakala. Kubi kangakanani? Ngaba iyacaphukisa, iyazingisa, okanye iyadodobalisa?

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yakho yomoya kubangela ukuba ukhwehlele. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ungenise into enokuthintela indlela yakho yomoya, funa unyango kwangoko. Iimpawu zokukrwitsha zibandakanya:

• ulusu oluhlaza
• ukulahleka kwengqondo
• ukungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukulila
• ukubetha, ukubetha umlozi, okanye enye ingxolo yokuphefumla
• ukukhohlela okubuthathaka okanye ukungasebenzi
• ukuphaphazela

Ukuba ugcina nayiphi na le miqondiso, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwaye wenze i-Heimlich maneuver okanye i-CPR.

Ukukhwehlela okumanzi

Ukukhwehlela okumanzi, okwabizwa ngokuba kukukhwehlela okuvelisayo, kukukhohlela okudala kuvelise i-mucus.

Umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane uhlala ubangela ukukhwehlela okumanzi. Banokuza kancinci okanye ngokukhawuleza kwaye banokuhamba nezinye iimpawu, ezinje:

• impumlo enemifinya
• Idriphu yasemva kwexesha
• ukudinwa

Ukukhohlela okumanzi kuvakala kumanzi kuba umzimba wakho ukhupha iscu kwinkqubo yakho yokuphefumla, ebandakanya:

• umqala
• impumlo
• zomoya
• imiphunga

Ukuba ukhwehlela umanzi, unokuziva ngathi kukho into ebambekileyo okanye evuza umva womqala wakho okanye esifubeni. Ezinye zokukhohlela kwakho ziya kuzisa i-mucus emlonyeni wakho.

Ukukhwehlela okumanzi kunokuba nzima kwaye kungapheli kwiiveki ezintathu okanye kungapheli kwaye kudlule iiveki ezisibhozo kubantu abadala okanye kwiiveki ezi-4 ebantwaneni. Ixesha lokukhohlela linokuba sisalathiso esikhulu malunga nesizathu salo.

Imiqathango enokubangela ukukhwehlela okumanzi kubandakanya:

• umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane
• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD), kubandakanya i-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo
• bronchitis ebukhali
• umbefu

Ukukhwehlela kwiintsana, iintsana, kunye nabantwana abahlala ixesha elingaphantsi kweeveki ezi-3 zihlala zibangelwa yingqele okanye umkhuhlane.

Unyango lwesikhohlela esimanzi

• Iintsana nabantwana. Nyanga nge-humidifier epholileyo. Ungasebenzisa amathontsi enetyuwa kwiindinyana zempumlo uze ucoce impumlo ngesirinji yebhalbhu. Musa ukunika ukukhohlela okanye amayeza abandayo kwiintsana okanye kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2.
• Abantwana. Incinci ifumanise ukuba i-1 1/2 yeetispuni zobusi ezinikwe isiqingatha seyure ngaphambi kokulala zinciphisa ukukhwehlela kwaye zikhuthaza ukulala okungcono kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-1 nangaphezulu Sebenzisa i-humidifier ebusuku ukuthambisa umoya. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokukhohlela kwe-OTC kunye namayeza abandayo ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise njengonyango.
• Abantu abadala. Abantu abadala banokunyanga ukukhohlela okumanzi okukhohlakeleyo kunye nokukhohlela kwe-OTC kunye neempawu ezibandayo zokuphelisa amayeza okanye ubusi. Ukuba ukukhwehlela kuqhubeka ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezi-3, unyango lwe-antibiotiki okanye olunye unyango lunokufuneka.

Ukukhohlela owomileyo

Ukukhwehlela okomileyo sisikhohlela esingazisiyo i-mucus. Unokuziva ngathi unomsindo emva komqala wakho ubangela ukukhwehlela kwakho, kukunika ukukhwehlela.

Ukukhwehlela okomileyo kuhlala kunzima ukuphatha kwaye kunokubonisa ixesha elide.Ukukhwehlela okomileyo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kukho ukudumba okanye ukucaphuka kwindlela yakho yokuphefumla, kodwa akukho mucus ungaphaya kokukhohlela.

Ukukhwehlela okomileyo kuhlala kubangelwa zizifo eziphezulu zokuphefumla, ezinjengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.

Kubantwana nakubantu abadala, kuqhelekile ukukhwehlela okomileyo ukuhlala iiveki ezininzi emva kokubanda okanye umkhuhlane udlulile. Ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela ukukhwehlela owomileyo zibandakanya:

• Ingqula
• umqala obuhkungu
• croup
• tonsils
• sinusitis
• umbefu
• Ukungabikho komzimba
• isifo se-reflux sesifo se-gastroesophageal (GERD)
• amayeza, ngakumbi i-ACE inhibitors
• ukuvezwa kokucaphukisayo njengokungcola komoya, uthuli, okanye umsi

I-COVID-19 kunye nokukhohlela okomileyo

Ukukhwehlela owomileyo yenye yeempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-COVID-19. Eminye imiqondiso ye-COVID-19 ibandakanya umkhuhlane kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane.

Ukuba uyagula kwaye ucinga ukuba unayo i-COVID-19, cebisa oku kulandelayo:

• Hlala ekhaya uphephe iindawo zikawonke-wonke
• Zahlule kuwo onke amalungu osapho kunye nezilwanyana ezifuywayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka
• gquma ukukhohlela kwakho kunye nokuthimla
• nxiba imaski yelaphu ukuba ukufutshane nabanye abantu
• hlala uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho
• tsalela umnxeba phambili ukuba ugqibela ngokufuna unyango
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo
• kuphephe ukwabelana ngezinto zasendlini nabanye abantu endlwini
• Bulala iintsholongwane kwiindawo ezixhaphakileyo
• jonga iimpawu zakho

Kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango olukhawulezileyo xa ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ubunzima okanye ukuqina esifubeni
• imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• ukudideka

Funda nzulu kweli phepha lemithombo le-COVID-19.

Unyango lwesikhohlela esomileyo

Unyango lwesikhohlela esomileyo luxhomekeke kwisizathu sayo.

• Iintsana nabantwana. Kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, ukukhwehlela okomileyo akudingi unyango. Isihluzi esinokunceda sibenze bakhululeke ngakumbi. Ukunyanga ukuphefumla kwe-croup, yizise umntwana wakho kwigumbi lokuhlambela eligcwele umphunga okanye ngaphandle kwomoya opholileyo wasebusuku.
• Abantwana abadala. I-humidifier iya kunceda ukugcina inkqubo yabo yokuphefumla ingomi. Abantwana abadala banokusebenzisa amathontsi okhohlela ukuthomalalisa umqala obuhlungu. Ukuba imeko yabo iyaqhubeka ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-3, thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinye izizathu. Umntwana wakho unokufuna i-antibiotics, i-antihistamines, okanye amayeza e-asthma.
• Abantu abadala. Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo nokuhlala ixesha elide kubantu abadala kunokuba nezizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela. Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga neempawu ezinjengeentlungu kunye nesilungulela. Unokufuna ii-antibiotics, ii-antacids, amayeza esifuba, okanye olunye uvavanyo. Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza kunye nezongezelelo ozithathayo ngoku.

Ukhohlokhohlo Paroxysmal

Ukukhwehlela kwe-paroxysmal kukukhohlela okuhlaselwa kukukhohlela okungalawulekiyo. Ukhohlo lwe-paroxysmal luziva ludinisa kwaye lubuhlungu. Abantu bayasokola ukufumana umoya kwaye banokugabha.

I-Pertussis, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukukhohlela, sisifo sentsholongwane esibangela ukukhwehlela okukhohlakeleyo.

Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kokukhohlela, imiphunga ikhupha wonke umoya onayo, ibangele abantu baphefumle ngamandla ngesandi "whoop".

Iintsana zinomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana isikhohlela kwaye zijongane neengxaki ezinzima kuyo. Kubo, ukukhohlela kunokubeka ubomi esichengeni.

Kulabo, eyona ndlela yokuthintela ukungena kwisivumelwano nge-pertussis kukugonywa.

Ukukhwehlela rhoqo kubangela ukukhwehlela kweparoxysmal. Ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukukhwehlela okubi zibandakanya:

• umbefu
• ICOPD
• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• isifo sephepha
• ukukrwitshwa

Unyango lwesikhohlela separoxysmal

Abantu bayo yonke iminyaka bafuna unyango lwe-antibiotiki yokukhwehlela.

Ukukhwehlela kuyosulela kakhulu, ke amalungu osapho kunye nabanonopheli bomntu onesi sifo sokukhohlela nabo mabanyangwe. Ukuphathwa kwangaphambili kokukhwehlela, isiphumo sibhetele.

Isikhohlela secroup

I-Croup yintsholongwane yentsholongwane echaphazela abantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 nangaphantsi.

I-Croup ibangela ukuba umoya womoya ongaphezulu ucatshukiswe kwaye udumbe. Abantwana abancinci sele benendlela encinci yomoya. Xa ukudumba kuqhubeka kunciphisa indlela yomoya, kuba nzima ukuphefumla.

I-Croup ibangela ukukhwehlela "okukhonkothayo" okuvakala ngathi litywina. Ukudumba ngaphakathi nakwiindawo ezijikeleze ibhokisi yelizwi kukwabangela ilizwi eli-raspy kunye nemisindo yokuphefumla.

I-Croup inokwesabisa kubantwana nakubazali. Abantwana banga:

• umzabalazo wokuphefumla
• yenza ingxolo ephezulu ngexesha lokuphefumla
• phefumla ngokukhawuleza okukhulu

Kwiimeko ezinzima, abantwana baba luthuthu okanye luhlaza.

Unyango lokukhohlela croup

I-croup ihlala idlula yodwa ngaphandle konyango. Unyango lwasekhaya lubandakanya:

• ukubeka i-humidifier epholileyo kwigumbi labo lokulala
• ukuzisa umntwana kwigumbi lokuhlambela elizaliswe ngumphunga kangangemizuzu eli-10
• ukuthatha umntwana ngaphandle ayokuphefumla umoya opholileyo
• ukuthatha umntwana ukukhwela emotweni kunye neefestile ezivulekileyo ngokuyinxalenye emoyeni opholileyo
• ukunika i-acetaminophen yabantwana (iTylenol) yomkhuhlane njengoko kuyalelwa ngugqirha wabantwana
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho usela amanzi amaninzi kwaye ufumana ukuphumla okuninzi
• Kwiimeko ezinzima, abantwana banokufuna unyango lwe-nebulizer yokuphefumla okanye i-prescription steroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ukukhwehlela okuninzi akudingi ukutyelelwa ngugqirha. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lokukhohlela kunye nokuba luthathe ixesha elingakanani, kunye nobudala bomntu kunye nempilo.

Abantu abanezinye izifo zemiphunga, ezinjenge-asthma kunye neCOPD, banokufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza okanye rhoqo kunabanye.

Abantwana abakhohlela kufuneka babonwe ngugqirha ukuba:

• khohlela ngaphezu kweeveki ezintathu
• Unomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-102 ° F (38.89 ° C) okanye nawuphina umkhuhlane kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 nangaphantsi
• baphelelwa ngumphefumlo kangangokuba abakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukuhamba
• jika luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye umbala
• baphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye abakwazi ukuginya ukutya
• batyhafile kakhulu
• yenza ingxolo "whoop" ngexesha lokuhlasela okukhohlakeleyo
• baphefumla ukongeza ukukhwehlela

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba umntwana wakho:

• ulahlekelwa yingqondo
• ayinakuvuswa
• ibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba ime

Abantu abadala abanesikhohlela kufuneka banxibelelane nogqirha wabo ukuba:

• khohlela ngaphezu kweeveki ezisi-8
• khohlela igazi
• Unomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• babuthathaka kakhulu ukuba bangathetha okanye bahambe
• baphelelwe ngamandla emzimbeni
• yenza ingxolo "whoop" ngexesha lokuhlasela okukhohlakeleyo
• baphefumla ukongeza ukukhwehlela
• Unesisu se-asidi esiswini okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo mihla le, okanye ukhohlokhohlo ngokubanzi, oluphazamisa ubuthongo

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba umdala:

• ulahlekelwa yingqondo
• ayinakuvuswa
• ibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba ime

Ukuthatha

Zininzi iintlobo zokukhohlela. Iimpawu, ubude, kunye nobunzima bokukhohlela kunokubonisa unobangela. Ukukhohlela luphawu lwezifo ezininzi kwaye kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo.