Ukuqonda unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo sentliziyo kunye neswekile

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Ngaba isifo seswekile sibangela isifo sentliziyo?
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Cholesterol ephezulu
• Ukutyeba kakhulu
• Ukuhlala nje kuphela
• Ukutshaya
• Iimpawu
• Ukutya
• Iinkcukacha-manani
• Uthintelo
• Unyango lwesifo sentliziyo kwisifo seswekile
• Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ushwankathelo

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo ungaphaya kokuphinda-phinda oko kwenani labemi, ngokwe American Heart Association.

Kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2, isifo sentliziyo sesona sizathu sokufa.

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Ukuqonda unxibelelwano phakathi kweswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo linyathelo lokuqala lothintelo.

Ngaba isifo seswekile sibangela isifo sentliziyo?

Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile (iswekile) egazini labantu abanesifo seswekile ekugqibeleni angonakalisa imithambo yegazi kunye neentsholongwane ezizilawulayo.

Izicubu zomzimba zihlala zisebenzisa iswekile njengomthombo wamandla. Igcinwe kwisibindi njengohlobo lwe-glycogen.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, iswekile inokuhlala egazini lakho ize iphume esibindini iye egazini lakho, ngomonakalo olandelayo kwimithambo yegazi yakho kunye nakwimithambo-luvo elawulayo.

Umthambo we-coronary ovaliweyo unokucothisa okanye umise igazi ekuboneleleni ngeoksijini kunye nezakhamzimba zentliziyo yakho. Umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo ukwandisa ixesha elide unesifo seswekile.

Ukubeka esweni iswekile yegazi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulawula kakuhle isifo seswekile. Jonga amanqanaba ngesixhobo esilawula ngokwakho ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Gcina i-jenali yamanqanaba akho kwaye uzise kwindawo yakho yokuqeshwa elandelayo ukuze wena nogqirha wakho niyiqwalasele kunye.

Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zezinto ezongezelelekileyo ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo ukuba unesifo seswekile.

Igazi elonyukayo

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu yenye yezona zinto zibeka emngciphekweni isifo sentliziyo phakathi kwabantu abanesifo seswekile.

Ibeka uxinzelelo entliziyweni yakho kwaye yonakalise imithambo yakho yegazi. Oku kukwenza ube semngciphekweni weengxaki ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya:

• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• ukubetha
• iingxaki zezintso
• imiba yombono

Ukuba unesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, ubuncinci ubuncinci amathuba okuba nesifo sentliziyo njengabantu abangenaso isifo seswekile.

Indlela elula yokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kukufumana ukutya okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca rhoqo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, thatha amayeza njengoko ugqirha ugqirha.

Cholesterol ephezulu

Amanqanaba alawulwa kakubi amafutha egazi njenge-cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides ziqhelekileyo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Banokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo.

I-cholesterol eninzi ye-LDL ("embi") kwaye engonelanga i-HDL ("elungileyo") ye-cholesterol inokubangela ulwandiso lwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi lakho. Oku kunokwenza iibhloksi kwaye kukhokelele ekuhlaselweni sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Nangona iimeko ezininzi zemfuza zinempembelelo kumanqanaba e-cholesterol, usengalawula kwaye uphucule amanqanaba akho ngokukhetha indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunye nokugcina umthambo rhoqo.

Ukutyeba kakhulu

Abantu abanesifo seswekile kunokwenzeka ukuba batyebe okanye batyebe. Zombini iimeko zinomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.

Ukutyeba kakhulu kunefuthe elomeleleyo:

• ifuthe legazi
• iswekile yegazi
• amanqanaba echolesterol

Ukunciphisa umzimba kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo.

Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokulawula ubunzima bakho kukusebenza ngengcali yokutya okanye isondlo ukuze wenze isicwangciso sokutya esifanelekileyo. Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kulawulo lobunzima.

Ukuhlala nje kuphela

Ukuba nokuhlala nje phantsi kunokukhulisa kakhulu imeko yesifo sentliziyo njengoxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokukhuluphala.

Icebisa ukuba wonke umntu omdala afumane ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-2 kunye nemizuzu engama-30 yomthambo wokuzilolonga ngamandla ngeveki.

Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• ukuhamba
• ukuhamba ngebhayisikile
• ukudanisa

I-CDC icebisa ukuba wenze imithambo yokuqeqesha amandla ubuncinci kabini ngeveki kwiintsuku ezingalandelelaniyo.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba yeyiphi imithambo enokuthi ilungele iimfuno zakho zomzimba.

Ukutshaya

Ukuba unesifo seswekile kwaye uyatshaya, umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo ungaphezulu kakhulu kwalabo bangatshayiyo.

Zombini umsi wecuba kunye neswekile zidala i-plaque kwimithambo, ebangela ukuba zinciphise.

Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo, ukusukela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo kunye nokubetha ukuya kwiingxaki zonyawo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, iingxaki zonyawo zingakhokelela ekunqunyulweni.

Khumbula ukuba akukaze kube semva kwexesha ukuyeka. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuyeka ukutshaya ezinokukusebenzela.

Iimpawu

Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo zinokwahluka ngokobunzima bayo. Abanye abantu abanamava kwaphela. Ezi zezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• uxinzelelo, ukuqina, okanye iintlungu esifubeni sakho emva kwethambo lesifuba elinokusasazeka kwiingalo zakho, entanyeni, okanye ngasemva
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudinwa
• uziva unesiyezi okanye ubuthathaka

Ukutya

Ukunceda ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo ukuba unesifo seswekile, zama ukulandela ukutya okusempilweni, okunokukunceda ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho iphela kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, phakathi kwezinye izibonelelo. Imizekelo yokutya okusempilweni kubandakanya:

• Imifuno enamagqabi afana nesipinatshi kunye ne-kale
• iintlanzi zamanzi abandayo, ezifana nesalmon kunye nesardadi
• iiamangile, iipecans kunye namanye amandongomane
• iinkozo kunye nehabile

Zama ukunciphisa ukutya kwakho:

• isodiyam
• iswekile
• amafutha amaninzi
• Amafutha azele

Soloko uzama ukukhetha ukhetho olunamafutha asezantsi kwivenkile zokutya okanye kwiivenkile zokutyela.

Iinkcukacha-manani

Ukufa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo kunaleyo ingenabo, i-CDC inika ingxelo.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-32 zabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 banesifo sentliziyo, ngokophando luka-2017.

Ubuncinane iipesenti ezingama-68 zabantu abanesifo sikashukela abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu baya kufa kwisifo sentliziyo, ngokwe-American Heart Association.

Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 abanesifo seswekile banomngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu:

• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• ukubetha
• isifo sezintso

Uthintelo

Kukho iindlela zokunceda ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo ukuba unesifo seswekile.

Ukwenza oku, iZiko leSizwe leSwekile kunye neZifo zeDygestive kunye neZintso licebisa ukuba ulawule isifo seswekile “ABCs”:

• Uvavanyo lwe-A1C. Olu vavanyo lwegazi lubonisa inqanaba lakho leswekile yegazi kwinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo. Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile, isiphumo kufuneka sibe ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezisi-7.
• Ifuthe legazi. Injongo yoxinzelelo lwegazi kubantu abaninzi abanesifo seswekile ingaphantsi kwe-140/90 mm Hg.
• Cholesterol. Ukuba ne-LDL (“embi”) egazini lakho egazini kunokubangela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba inqanaba lakho le-cholesterol kufuneka libe yintoni.
• Ukutshaya. Kunye nesifo seswekile, ukutshaya kunciphisa imithambo yakho yegazi. Ukuba uyeka ukutshaya, uya kuwunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, kunye neminye imiba yezempilo.

Unyango lwesifo sentliziyo kwisifo seswekile

Ukongeza ekucetyisweni ukuba utye ukutya okusempilweni kwaye uzilolonge rhoqo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo ukuba unesifo seswekile.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza angaphezulu kwekhawunta ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo.

Abanye banokusebenzisana namayeza akho eswekile, okanye banokuba neswekile kunye nezinye iikhabhohayidrethi ezinokuchaphazela inqanaba leswekile yegazi.

Le ilandelayo yimizekelo yamayeza anokuyalelwa ngugqirha:

• ILiraglutide (uVictoza). ILiraglutide (iVictoza) ilawulwa njengenaliti yemihla ngemihla. Ngo-2017, uLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) lavuma ichiza lokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nemivumbo kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 nesifo sentliziyo.
• I-Empagliflozin (iJardiance). Ngo-2016, i-FDA yavuma i-Empagliflozin () yokwehlisa iswekile yegazi kunye nokunyanga isifo sentliziyo kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2.
• Iingxelo. Iitatins, ezinjengeatorvastatin (Lipitor) kunye ne-rosuvastatin (Crestor), zinciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol, ngakumbi i-cholesterol ye-LDL ("embi").
• Izinto ezichaseneyo. I-antihypertensives, kubandakanya i-diuretics kunye ne-beta-blockers, uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi.

Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo

Ukuba unesifo seswekile kunye nentliziyo enganyangekiyo, unokuba neengxaki ezinje ngezi:

• ukumelwa yintliziyo
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• ukubetha

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo

Unokuba nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo ukuba inxenye yentliziyo yemisipha yakho ayifumani gazi laneleyo ngenxa yesifo seswekile esonakalisa iimpahla.

Emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, abantu abanesifo seswekile banomngcipheko omkhulu wokusilela kwentliziyo kunabantu abangenaso isifo seswekile.

Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo zingabandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• iintlungu esifubeni okanye ukungaphatheki kakuhle
• ubuthathaka okanye intloko elula
• iintlungu okanye ukungaphatheki kakuhle kwiingalo zakho, amagxa, umqolo, intamo, okanye umhlathi
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha nokudinwa ngokungaqhelekanga, nto leyo ebonwa ingakumbi kwabasetyhini abahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, iswekile egazini lakho inokugcina ibhlokile imithambo yakho yegazi, kuthintela igazi ukuba lingafikeleli kwingqondo yakho. Oku kunokubangela ukubetha.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile banamathuba ama-1.5 okuba nesifo sokufa icala kunabo bangenaso isifo seswekile.

Imingcipheko yesifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha kuyafana. Ezi zinto zibandakanya ukuba:

• i-LDL ephezulu ("embi") kunye ne-HDL ephantsi ("elungileyo") amanqanaba e-cholesterol
• igazi elonyukayo
• ukutyeba kakhulu

Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zeempawu onokuzibona ngesiquphe ukuba unestroke:

• Ukuba ndindisholo ebusweni bakho, ingalo okanye umlenze, kuhlala kwelinye icala lomzimba wakho
• kunzima ukuthetha okanye ukuqonda omnye umntu othethayo
• isiyezi
• iingxaki zombono kwiliso elinye okanye omabini
• intloko ebuhlungu

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwangoko ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi mpawu. Unyango olunempumelelo luhlala lusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-3 emva kokubetha.

Ukumelwa yintliziyo

Abantu abanesifo seswekile banomngcipheko omkhulu wokukhula kokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, okubangelwa kukungakwazi kwentliziyo ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo yenye yezona ngxaki zinkulu zesifo seswekile.

Ezi zezinye zeempawu zokusilela kwentliziyo:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukukhohlela kunye nokufutha
• imilenze idumbile, iinyawo namaqatha
• ukudinwa

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo le mpawu. Nangona ukusilela kwentliziyo kunganyangeki, kunokunyangwa ngempumelelo ngamayeza okanye ngotyando.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ukuba unesifo seswekile kwaye uneempawu zesifo sentliziyo ezinje ngeentlungu okanye uxinzelelo esifubeni, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukudinwa, kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho kwangoko.

Banokucebisa ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokutya ukutya okusempilweni. Banokumisela amayeza. Ezi ngcebiso zinokubusindisa ubomi bakho.

Ngoku ukuba unokuqonda okungcono konxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo sentliziyo kunye neswekile, lixesha lokuba uthathe inyathelo.

Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, yitya usempilweni, hlala ukhuthele, kwaye wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, iswekile yegazi, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.

Ukuba nesifo seswekile akuthethi ukuba uya kuphuhlisa nezinye iimeko, ezinjengesifo sentliziyo.

Unamandla okulawula umngcipheko wakho kunye nokuphucula impilo yentliziyo yakho ngokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kunye nokusebenza nogqirha wakho ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esilungele wena.