Yintoni ebangela amachaphaza esikhumbeni sam kwaye ndingawaphatha njani?

Umxholo

• Amabala akhangeleka njani?
• 1. Itinea versicolor
• Izinketho zonyango
• 2. onokhwekhwe
• Izinketho zonyango
• 3. IVitiligo
• Izinketho zonyango
• 4. Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (amabala elanga)
• Izinketho zonyango
• 5. Pityriasis alba
• Izinketho zonyango
• 6. Isclerosus yelitshe
• Izinketho zonyango
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Ngaba esi sisizathu sokuxhalaba?

Amabala amhlophe eluswini anokubangelwa ziimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayingonobangela wenkxalabo kwaye inokunyangwa ekhaya. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo, indlela yokubanyanga, kunye nokuba uye nini kugqirha.

Amabala akhangeleka njani?

1. Itinea versicolor

I-Tinea versicolor inokuvela njengamabala amhlophe okanye amabala kwimibala epinki, ebomvu, nomdaka. Ziyabonakala ngakumbi kulusu olusikiweyo kwaye zinokuba nkulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukurhawuzelela
• ukukhulisa
• ukoma

Wonke umntu unegwele elincinci elihlala kulusu lwakhe, kodwa abantu abane-tinea versicolor banamava agqithisileyo.

Akucaci ukuba kutheni isenzeka, kodwa inokubangelwa ngu:

• ukubila okugqithisileyo
• ulusu olunamafutha
• ukufuma, iimeko ezishushu
• amajoni omzimba abuthathaka

I-Tinea versicolor ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abahlala kwimozulu yetropiki. Inokuchaphazela abantu nakweliphi na uhlanga. Abakwishumi elivisayo banokuba semngciphekweni ngakumbi kunabantu abakwiminye iminyaka ngenxa yolusu lwabo olunamafutha ngakumbi.

Izinketho zonyango

Iimpawu zihlala zihamba kwimozulu epholileyo, kodwa zinokuvela kwakhona xa ubushushu kunye nokufuma kunyuka. Ukunyanga isifo kumanqanaba aso okuqala kunokunceda ukuphula lo mjikelo.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zincinci, ungazama ukuzinyanga ekhaya nge-over-the-counter (OTC) yeemveliso zokubola. Izinto ezibulala ukungunda ziyanceda ukunciphisa igwele, ukuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa amabala. Amachiza amayeza aquka:

• miconazole
• selenium sulfide
• ketoconazole
• clotrimazole

Thenga imveliso yokubola ye-OTC apha.

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ziqine kangakanani iimpawu zakho, inokuba ziiveki okanye iinyanga ngaphambi kokuba amabala aphele. Rhoqo, ulusu luphinda lubonakale ngaphambili.

Ukuba unyango lwasekhaya alonelanga, ugqirha wesikhumba unokumisela iziqholo zomzimba ezinamandla okanye amayeza omlomo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba uphinde ezi ndlela zonyango.

2. onokhwekhwe

I-eczema (i-atopic dermatitis) ibonakaliswa ngokubomvu, ukurhawuzelela okungafunekiyo ngamaqhuma aphakanyisiweyo. Ezi rashes zinokubandakanya amabala amhlophe okanye amabala.

Iindawo ezichaphazeleka ngokubanzi zibandakanya:

• ubuso
• ulusu
• izandla
• iinyawo
• iingqiniba
• iinkophe
• izihlahla
• umva wamadolo

Irhashalala phantse lonke lirhawuzelela, ngamanye amaxesha ngamandla kwaye ngakumbi ebusuku. Ukuba ukrwelwe, irhashalala ingakhokelela kwizilonda ezivulekileyo, ezivuzayo.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iindawo zomzimba ezichaphazeleka kakhulu kwi-eczema zinokuthi ziqine, zome kwaye zibe ne-scaly.

Urhashalala lunokuvela luze luphele ngaphandle kwipatheni ebonakalayo. Iimpawu zisenokuhlala zilele iminyaka kangangexesha.

I-eczema ixhaphakile ebantwaneni kodwa inokuchaphazela abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka. Inokuba yimeko yobomi bonke. Ihlala iqala ngaphambi kweminyaka emihlanu, kwaye isenokuqala kwasebusaneni. Kuqhelekile nakwabantu abanesifo somzimba, njenge-hay fever.

Izinketho zonyango

Unyango lwe-eczema lujolise kulawulo lweempawu. Unokwazi ukunciphisa iimpawu zakho ngokuziphatha okusebenzayo okugcina ulusu lwakho lusempilweni kwaye luthambile.

Zama ezi ngcebiso:

• Sebenzisa izinto zokucoca ezipholileyo endaweni yeesepha ezibukhali.
• Phatha irhashalala ngamayeza okuthambisa.
• Gcina ulusu lwakho lufumile.
• Gwema ixesha elide kunye nemvula eshushu okanye iibhafu.
• Nxiba iiglavu xa usebenzisa izinyibilikisi zokucoca.
• Sebenzisa zonke izinyibilikisi zendalo endaweni yeekhemikhali.
• Gwema i-allergen kwindawo.
• Thintela ungcoliseko lomoya, kubandakanya umsi wecuba.

Sebenzisa i-anti-itch creams okanye amayeza okunyanga umlomo, njenge-antihistamine, anokunceda ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelela.

Ukuba ezi zisombululo azonelanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ii-corticosteroids ezingumxholo.

3. IVitiligo

IVitiligo yenzeka xa iiseli ezithile zolusu ezibizwa ngokuba yimelanocytes ziyeke ukwenza i-melanin. I-Melanin yi-pigment eyenza umbala ulusu, iinwele kunye namehlo. Ngaphandle kombala, iifomati ezimhlophe.

Ezi patches zinokubonakala naphi na emzimbeni. IVitiligo ihlala ilinganayo, nangona inokubonakala kwicala elinye kuphela lomzimba. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo yi-vitiligo zibandakanya amadolo, izandla, amalungu esini kunye neenwele. Inokuchaphazela indawo ezinomhlathana, njengaphakathi emlonyeni nasempumlweni.

I-Vitiligo ihlala ikhula kumashumi amabini, kodwa inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Unobangela wayo okwangoku akaziwa. IVitiligo inokudibaniswa nemfuza okanye izifo ezizimela komzimba, njengehyperthyroidism.

Izinketho zonyango

Unyango lwe-vitiligo luthambiso kwaye lujolise ekubuyiseni umbala kulusu oluchaphazelekayo. Ingathatha uvavanyo kunye nephutha ngonyango oluninzi.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa enye okanye ngaphezulu koku kulandelayo:

• ii-steroids
• izivikeli mzimba
• unyango ukukhanya yelanga

Abanye abantu abane-vitiligo bafumanisa ukuba ukusebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa zokugquma lolona khetho lwabo lusebenzayo ekunciphiseni ukubonakala kwamabala amhlophe.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, unyango lwezonyango lunokukhetha. Ugqirha wakho angathetha nawe malunga nokuba yintoni efanelekileyo kuwe.

4. Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (amabala elanga)

Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) ibonakalisa njengamabala amancinci amhlophe kulusu olufumana ubushushu obuphezulu belanga. Oku kubandakanya indawo ezinje ngeengalo kunye nemilenze. Amabala amhlophe aqaqanjelwa kwaye anobungozi.

I-IGH ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo kwaye inokubonakala kwabasetyhini kubudala obudala kunokuba kunjalo emadodeni. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala ichaphazela abafazi abadala kunama-40.

Izinketho zonyango

Ukunxiba i-sunscreen kunye nokuthintela ukubonakaliswa lilanga okugqithisileyo linyathelo lokuqala elifanelekileyo ekunciphiseni ukonakala kolusu.

Zimbalwa kuphela iindlela ezikhoyo zokunyanga amabala elanga emva kokuba zibonakele. Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa ukubonakala kwala mabala amhlophe, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga ne-calcineurin inhibitors okanye unyango lwe-laser.

5. Pityriasis alba

I-Pityriasis alba iqala njengepinki, iipleyiti ezinamaxolo esilevini nasezidleleni. Zingaba zijikeleze, zi-oval, okanye zingaqhelekanga ngokuma, kwaye zihlala zomile kwaye zihlaziyeke ekuthinteni. Iimpawu zinokucaca ngokwazo okanye ziye kumhlophe ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukuphazamiseka kolusu kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama. I-Pityriasis alba inokwenzeka ukuba inxulumene ne-eczema.

Izinketho zonyango

I-Pityriasis ihlala icoca yodwa, kodwa ukuphindeka kunokwenzeka. Unyango olusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amabala amhlophe lubandakanya ukuthambisa amafutha, ii-topical steroids, okanye ii-nonsteroidal creams.

6. Isclerosus yelitshe

I-lichen sclerosus yimeko enqabileyo ebonwa kubantu abancinci nabadala. Kwabasetyhini, ibangela amabala amhlophe esikhumba esibhityileyo, esihlala sijikeleze umngxuma kunye nelungu lobufazi. Emadodeni, ingxaki ihlala ichaphazela ijwabu lobudoda. Inokufumaneka nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Amatyala amancinci awanakubonisa ezinye iimpawu ezibonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa ezinye iimpawu zenzeka, zinokubandakanya:

• iintlobano zesini ezibuhlungu
• ukurhawuzelela kakhulu
• ubunzima ngokuchama
• ulusu olutyumkileyo okanye olukrazuka lula
• ukopha
• ukuqhwayiza

I-lichen sclerosus ayinaso isizathu esaziwayo, nangona ukungalingani kwehomoni okanye amajoni omzimba angasebenziyo angadlala indima.

Izinketho zonyango

Unyango lwale meko luzama ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelela kunye nokuqhekeka kunye nokuphelisa ukucekeceka kolusu. Banokuphucula ukubonakala kwesikhumba, ngokunjalo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ii-lotion ze-corticosteroid okanye ii-creams.

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wakho

Amabala amhlophe ahlala ecacisa ngokwabo. Ukuba bahlala ixesha elide kuneeveki ezininzi okanye uxinezelekile kukubonakala kwabo, jonga ugqirha wakho. Ugqirha unokukunceda ekuchongeni unobangela kwaye akucebise malunga nokhetho lwakho kunyango. Ugqirha wakho uhlala efuna ukuvavanywa kwesikhumba ukwenza uxilongo. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokuthatha i-biopsy.

Ukuba amabala akho ahamba kunye nentlungu okanye ukurhawuzelela okunokuphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, jonga ugqirha wakho kwangoko.