Ukuqonda iingozi kunye neengxaki zeGiant Cell Arteritis

Umxholo

• Ubumfama
• Aortic aneurysm
• Ukubetha
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Imithambo yegazi lomda
• IPolymyalgia rheumatica
• Yise kude

Iseli enkulu ye-arteritis (GCA) ivutha ulwelwesi lwemithambo yakho. Rhoqo, ichaphazela imithambo entlokweni yakho, ibangele iimpawu ezinjengentloko kunye nentlungu yomhlathi. Yayifudula ibizwa ngokuba yi-arteritis yokwexeshana kuba inokubangela ukudumba kwimithambo yeetempile.

Ukudumba kwimithambo yegazi kunciphisa inani legazi elinokuhamba ngalo. Zonke izihlunu zakho kunye namalungu omzimba zixhomekeke kwigazi eline-oxygen ukuze lisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ukungabikho kweoksijini kungonakalisa ezi zakhiwo.

Unyango olunedosi eziphezulu zamayeza e-corticosteroid njenge-prednisone yehlisa ukudumba kwimithambo yegazi ngokukhawuleza. Kwangoko uqala ukuthatha eli yeza, kokukhona kuya kubakho iingxaki ezifana nezi zilandelayo.

Ubumfama

Ubumfama yenye yezona ngxaki zinzima kunye nexhala kwi-GCA. Xa kungekho gazi laneleyo emthanjeni othumela igazi kwiliso, izicwili ezondla umthambo ziqala ukufa. Ekugqibeleni, ukungabikho kokuhamba kwegazi emehlweni kunokubangela ukungaboni.

Rhoqo, liliso elinye kuphela elichaphazelekayo. Abanye abantu baphulukana nokubona kwiliso lesibini ngaxeshanye, okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva ukuba abafumani unyango.

Ukulahleka kombono kunokwenzeka ngesiquphe. Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho ntlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu zokukuxwayisa.

Nje ukuba ulahlekelwe ngumbono, awunakuyifumana kwakhona. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wamehlo okanye i-rheumatologist kwaye ufumane unyango, oluhlala lubandakanya ukuthatha iyeza le-steroid kuqala. Ukuba unalo naluphi na utshintsho kumbono wakho, lumkisa oogqirha bakho ngoko nangoko.

Aortic aneurysm

Nangona i-GCA inqabile ngokubanzi, sesinye sezizathu eziphambili ze-aortic aneurysm. I-aorta yeyona nto iphambili emzimbeni wakho. Ihamba iye ezantsi esifubeni, ithwele igazi lisuka entliziyweni yakho lisiya kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.

I-aneurysm sisithonga esidongeni se-aorta. Kwenzeka xa udonga lwakho lwe-aorta lubuthathaka kunesiqhelo. Ukuba i-aneurysm iyagqabhuka, inokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi kunye nokufa ukuba ngaba unyango olungxamisekileyo alunikwa.

I-aortic aneurysms ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu. Nje ukuba ufumene ukuba une-GCA, ugqirha wakho unokukujonga nge-aneurysms kwi-aorta kunye neminye imithambo yegazi emikhulu eneemvavanyo zokucinga njenge-ultrasound, MRI, okanye i-CT scan.

Ukuba ufumana i-aneurysm kwaye inkulu, oogqirha banokuyilungisa ngotyando. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ifaka i-graft eyenziwe ngumntu kwisiza se-aneurysm. Igrafti yomeleza indawo ebuthathaka ye-aorta ukuyikhusela ekuqhekekeni.

Ukubetha

I-GCA inyusa umngcipheko we-ischemic stroke, nangona oku kunzima kunqabile. Istroke esibuhlungu senzeka xa iqokobhe livimba ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo. Ukubethwa sisisongelo ebomini kwaye kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo esibhedlele, ngokukhethekileyo esinye sineziko lokubetha.

Abantu abane-stroke banamathuba okuba babe neempawu ze-GCA njengentlungu yomhlathi, ukulahleka kombono wexesha elifutshane kunye nombono ophindwe kabini. Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngezi, makwazeke ugqirha wakho ngazo kwangoko.

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo

Abantu abane-GCA bakumngcipheko ophakamileyo wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Akucaci ukuba ngaba i-GCA ngokwayo ibangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye ukuba ezi meko zimbini zabelana ngemingcipheko efanayo, ngakumbi ukudumba.

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwenzeka xa umthambo obonelela ngentliziyo yakho ngegazi uvaliwe. Ngaphandle kwegazi elaneleyo, amacandelo esihlunu sentliziyo aqala ukufa.

Ukufumana unyango olukhawulezileyo lokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kubalulekile. Jonga iimpawu ezinje:

• uxinzelelo okanye ukuqina esifubeni sakho
• intlungu okanye uxinzelelo oluphuma emhlathini, emagxeni, okanye kwingalo yasekhohlo
• isicaphucaphu
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukubila okubandayo
• isiyezi
• ukudinwa

Ukuba unale mpawu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele kwangoko.

Imithambo yegazi lomda

Abantu abane-GCA bakwumngcipheko ophakame kancinci wesifo se-peripheral artery disease (PAD). I-PAD inciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiingalo nasemilenzeni, enokubangela ukuba umntu abe necramping, ukuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka kunye neendawo ezibandayo.

Kuyafana nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, akucaci nokuba i-GCA ibangela i-PAD, okanye ukuba ezi meko zimbini zabelana ngemiba eqhelekileyo yomngcipheko.

IPolymyalgia rheumatica

I-Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) ibangela iintlungu, ubuthathaka bemisipha, kunye nokuqina entanyeni, emagxeni, ezinqeni nasemathangeni. Ayisiyongxaki ye-GCA, kodwa ezi zifo zibini zihlala zenzeka kunye. Phantse isiqingatha sabantu abane-GCA nabo bane-PMR.

Iziyobisi zeCorticosteroid lolona nyango luphambili kuzo zombini iimeko. Kwi-PMR, i-prednisone kunye nezinye iziyobisi kule klasi zinceda ukunciphisa ukuqina kunye nokuzisa ukudumba. Iidosi ezisezantsi ze-prednisone zinokusetyenziswa kwi-PMR kune-GCA.

Yise kude

I-GCA inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi. Enye yezona zinto zinzulu kwaye zibhekiselele kukungaboni. Nje ukuba ulahlekelwe ngumbono, awunakuyifumana kwakhona.

Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala kunqabile, kodwa kunokwenzeka kwipesenti encinci yabantu abane-GCA. Unyango lwakwangoko kunye ne-corticosteroids inokukhusela umbono wakho, kunye nokunceda ukuthintela ezinye iingxaki zesi sifo.