Amakristali kwi-Urine: Into ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• Iindidi zamachiza omchamo
• Uric acid
• I-calcium oxalate
• Hippuric
• Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite)
• Ikhalsiyam carbonate
• Bilirubin
• Calcium phosphate
• Ammonium biurate
• Cholesterol
• Umqala
• Leucine
• ITyrosine
• Indinavir
• Zichongwa njani iikristale zomchamo?
• Ngaba oku kuyathinteleka?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Kutheni kukho iikristali kumchamo wam?

Umchamo uqukethe inani elikhulu leekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphantsi kwezinye iimeko, ezi khemikhali zinokuqina zibe ziikristale zetyuwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-crystalluria.

Amakristali anokufumaneka kumchamo wabantu abasempilweni. Zingabangelwa yimicimbi emincinci njengokugqithisa kancinci kweprotein okanye ivithamin C. Iindidi ezininzi zeekristale zomchamo azinabungozi.

Kwezinye iimeko, nangona kunjalo, iikristali zomchamo zingabonakalisa imeko ebaluleke ngakumbi. Iimpawu eziza kubonisa imeko ebaluleke kakhulu zinokubandakanya:

• ifiva
• iintlungu ezinzima zesisu
• igazi kumchamo
• inyongo
• ukudinwa

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neendidi ezahlukeneyo zeekristal kunye nendlela eziphathwa ngayo.

Iindidi zamachiza omchamo

Kukho inani leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekristali zomchamo.

Uric acid

Iikristale zeUric acid zinokuba ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zeemilo: umphanda, iipleyiti ezifana nedayimani. Ngokuqhelekileyo zi-orenji-mdaka okanye tyheli ngombala.

Zifumaneka kumchamo oqhelekileyo xa kubangelwa kukutya okune-protein, okunyusa i-uric acid kumchamo.

Zingabangelwa ngamatye eentso, i-gout, i-chemotherapy, okanye i-tumor lysis syndrome.

Iimpawu zamatye ezintso zibandakanya isisu esibuhlungu, iflank, okanye iintlungu zokuqaqamba; isicaphucaphu; kunye negazi kumchamo. Iimpawu ze-gout zingabandakanya iintlungu ezivuthayo, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba kwilungu.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko esezantsi, kodwa ukuhlala unamanzi yenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokunyanga iikristali ngokwazo. Jonga oku kutya kunamanzi okunokukunceda uhlale uhlaziyekile.

I-calcium oxalate

Amakristali e-calcium oxalate ayilwe njenge-dumbbells okanye iimvulophu. Azinambala kwaye zifumaneka kumchamo osempilweni.

Amakristali e-calcium oxalate adibene kakhulu namatye ezintso, anokwenza xa i-oxalate eninzi kakhulu (efumaneka kukutya okunje ngesipinatshi) ikwinkqubo. Iimpawu zamatye ezintso zibandakanya ukuqaqamba okanye iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, umkhuhlane kunye nobunzima bokugqithisa umchamo. La mayeza endalo anokukunceda ekulweni amatye ezintso ekhaya.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ikristal oxalate crystals inokubangelwa kukungeniswa kwe-ethylene glycol, enetyhefu kwaye isisithako esibalulekileyo kwiifomathi zokuthintela ukubanda. Ukubonakaliswa kwesi sakhi kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje:

• Umqala nomphunga
• iingxaki zesistim luvo
• ukusilela kwezintso

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho lokutya ukunciphisa i-oxalate kwisidlo sakho kunye nokwandisa i-hydration. Kananjalo baya kukucebisa ukuba unciphise ukutya okunetyiwa.

Hippuric

Amakristal e-Hippuric acid anqabile. Zinganombala omthubi-mdaka okanye zicacile, kwaye zihlala zifana ne-prism okanye iipleyiti. Amakristali e-hippuric acid ahlala efumaneka ngokudibeneyo.

Ngelixa ngamanye amaxesha zibangelwa ngumchamo we-acidic pH, iikristal ze-hippuric acid zinokubakho kumchamo ophilileyo.

Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite)

Amakristali e-Magnesium ammonium phosphate ahlala engenambala, amaxande. Banokufunyanwa kumchamo osempilweni, kodwa zihlala zihambelana nosulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTI). Ezinye iimpawu ze-UTIs zibandakanya:

• umchamo onamafu
• rhoqo, umnqweno onamandla wokuchama
• Ukugodola
• isicaphucaphu
• ukudinwa
• iintlungu ezisezantsi
• ifiva

Ukuba i-UTI ibangela ezi kristali, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuze acoce usulelo.

Ikhalsiyam carbonate

Amakristali e-calcium carbonate makhulu, akwazi ukujikeleza ii-disc ezinendawo egudileyo. Zihlala zinombala omdaka okhanyayo. Amakristali e-calcium carbonate-sisongezelelo ongasithatha ukuze ufumane i-calcium engaphezulu-zihlala zihambelana namatye ezintso.

Ukuba une-calcium carbonate crystals kumchamo wakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ufumane ikhalsiyam ngezinye iindlela, njengokufaka ubisi ngakumbi kukutya kwakho, endaweni yezongezo.

Bilirubin

I-Bilirubin yenziwa xa ukutshatyalaliswa okunempilo kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwenzeka. Idlule kwisibindi.

Amakristali e-Bilirubin anenaliti-efana nayo, imbonakalo yegranular kwaye ihlala incinci kakhulu kwaye imthubi ngombala. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin okanye i-bilirubin crystals kumchamo wakho angabonisa isifo sesibindi okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi. Ezinye iimpawu zinokubandakanya isicaphucaphu, iintlungu, ukugabha, i-jaundice kunye nomkhuhlane.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu esingunobangela. Amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukutshintsha isixa seprotein efunxwe kukutya, ngakumbi kwimeko yesifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Calcium phosphate

Amakristali e-calcium phosphate awanambala kwaye anokubonakala ngathi afana neenkwenkwezi okanye afana nenaliti, nangona zisenokwenza iipleyiti. Banokubonisa bodwa okanye ngokwamaqela. Bahlala bevela kumchamo we-alkaline, nangona banokufumaneka kumchamo oqhelekileyo.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iikristale ze-calcium phosphate zinokubangelwa yi-hypoparathyroidism. Iimpawu zoku kubandakanya ukurhawuzelela ezandleni kunye nokuxinana kwezihlunu.

Unyango lunokubandakanya ukusela amanzi amaninzi, ukufumana ikhalsiyam eninzi, kunye nokuthatha izongezo zevithamin D.

Ammonium biurate

Ezi kristali zingamacandelo abrawuni anameva ane spiky. Ziphantse zafana neencukuthu ezincinci. Zifumaneka rhoqo kumchamo we-alkaline, kodwa zinokubonakala kumchamo oqhelekileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha iikristale ze-ammonium biurate zibonakala kuphela ngenxa yokuba isampulu yomchamo indala okanye igcinwe kakubi. Ngenxa yoku, ukukhumbula isampuli yomchamo kunokucetyiswa ukuba ezi kristali ziyavela.

Cholesterol

Amakristale e-cholesterol ahlala ecacile kwaye emile njengamacala amade, kunye nenotshi esikwe kwikona. Banokubonakala emva kokuba isampulu yomchamo ifrijiwe.

Amakristali e-cholesterol anokufumaneka kumchamo ongathathi hlangothi kunye neasidi. Zingabangelwa sisifo se-renal tubular, esinokubangela ukusilela kwezintso ukuba sishiywe singanyangwa.

Unyango lunokubandakanya unyango lwealkali ukunceda ukunyanga iimeko ezingapheliyo zesifo, njengesifo se-renal tubular.

Umqala

ICystine yiamino acid, kwaye inokubangela iikristali zomchamo kunye namatye ezintso. Amatye eentso abangelwa yi-cystine acid aqhelekile ukuba makhulu kunamanye amatye ezintso. Yimeko enqabileyo, kwaye ihlala izala.

Imeko ebangela ukuba icystine ibambane kunye kwaye yenze iikristali zibizwa ngokuba yicystinuria. Amakristali, xa afunyanwa kumchamo, ahlala emile okwehexagon kwaye angabinambala. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya igazi kumchamo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, kunye nentlungu kumphako okanye emqolo.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okukhohlisa, anceda ekunyibilikiseni iikristali.

Leucine

Ezi kristali ziidiski ezimthubi-bumdaka ngeeringi ezigxile njengesiqu somthi. Amakristali eLeucine ngokwesiqhelo akafumaneki kumchamo osempilweni. Zifumaneka kumchamo omuncu. Ngokuqhelekileyo ziimpawu zesifo esibi sesibindi. Ezinye iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukudumba kwesisu, ukugabha, isicaphucaphu, ukudideka, kunye nokuqaqamba komzimba.

Unyango lubandakanya ukuphucula ukusebenza kwesibindi kunye nempilo kwangoko. Oku kuyakuquka amayeza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba okubangelwa lulwelo olungaphezulu.

ITyrosine

Amakristali e-Tyrosine awanambala kwaye afana neenaliti. Zifumaneka rhoqo kumchamo oneasidi, kwaye zinokubangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism njengesifo sesibindi okanye ityrosinemia. Iimpawu ze-tyrosinemia zibandakanya ubunzima bokufumana ubunzima, umkhuhlane, urhudo, izitulo zegazi kunye nokugabha.

Unyango lubandakanya ukuzilolonga, ukutya ukutya okusempilweni, kunye nokuthatha amayeza anokukwazi ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, icholesterol ephezulu kunye neswekile.

Indinavir

I-Indinavir liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HIV. Inokubangela ukwenziwa kweekristal kumchamo. Amakristali e-Indinavir anokufana neenkwenkwezi, iipleyiti ezixande, okanye iifeni. Ezinye iimpawu zeekristali ze-indinavir zinokubandakanya iintlungu zangasemva okanye zeplanki.

Zichongwa njani iikristale zomchamo?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba uneekristali zomchamo, baya kuqala ba-odole uvavanyo lokuchama. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokuqhuba uhlalutyo lokuchama njengenxalenye yotyelelo lwakho lwempilo okanye uhlolo lonyaka, nokuba awunazo ezinye izikhalazo.

Kuvavanyo lwe-urinalysis, uya kucelwa ukuba unikeze isampuli yomchamo. Ingcali yeelebhu ephonononga isampulu iya kuqala ukuyijonga nakweyiphi na imibala okanye ubumnyama obunokubonisa usulelo. I-Bilirubin inokujika umchamo umbala wetiyi emnyama, umzekelo. Igazi linokubonakala ngamehlo.

Baza kusebenzisa idipstick ukuvavanya izinto ezingaphakathi kumchamo.

Ingcali ekugqibeleni iya kuvavanya isampulu phantsi kwemicroscope, apho inokubona khona iikristali ukuba zikhona.

Kuxhomekeka kwinto efunyanwa ngugqirha wakho, banoku-odola uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Ukuba bafumana i-bilirubin kumchamo wakho, umzekelo, banokuyalela umsebenzi wegazi okanye i-ultrasound ukuvavanya impilo yakho yesibindi. Ukuba iikristali zomchamo zibonisa i-cholesterol ephezulu, ziya kuyala uvavanyo lwegazi ukuvavanya amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol.

Ngaba oku kuyathinteleka?

Amakhemikhali e-Urine angabangelwa yimeko engaphantsi kwesifo sesibindi okanye iimeko zofuzo zihlala zikhuselwa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-crystalluria ebangelwa zizizathu zofuzo inokuncitshiswa ngendlela ophila ngayo okanye utshintsho olwenziweyo.

Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela iikristali zomchamo kukusela amanzi kwaye uhlale unamanzi. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa ukuxubana kweekhemikhali kumchamo, ukuthintela iikristali ekubeni zenze.

Unokwenza utshintsho oluthile kwindlela otya ngayo. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ubone ukuba loluphi utshintsho olwenzekayo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lweekristali onazo. Basenokuncoma ukunciphisa iiprotheyini, umzekelo, okanye ukunciphisa ukutya okuphezulu kwi-oxalate (njengoko kunjalo ngekristal oxalate crystals).

Ukuphepha ukutya okunetyiwa kunokunceda ekuthinteleni inani leekristali zomchamo ezahlukeneyo, ke ukuphelisa ukutya okucwangcisiweyo kunokuba luncedo.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iikristali zomchamo ziyanyangeka ngokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila kunye nokutya. Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza anokufuneka ukuba anyange iimeko ezingaphantsi.

Ukuba ufumana naluphi na utshintsho kumchamo wakho, yenza idinga lokubonana nogqirha wakho. Ukwazi ngokuthe ngqo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweekristali olwenzayo kuya kukunceda wena nogqirha ukuba uqonde ukuba yintoni ebangela umba kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga.