Ingqakaqha: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zentsholongwane
• Ukuhanjiswa kwengqakaqha
• Unjani unyango
• Vaccine Ingqakaqha

Ingqakaqha sisifo esosulelayo esasulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yohlobo oluthile I-Orthopoxvirus, enokuhanjiswa ngamathontsi amathe okanye ukuthimla, umzekelo. Xa ungena emzimbeni, le ntsholongwane iyakhula kwaye iphindaphinde ngaphakathi kweeseli, ikhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, iintlungu zomzimba, ukugabha okukhulu kunye nokubonakala kwamadyungudyungu kulusu.

Xa usulelo lwenzeka, unyango lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu zesi sifo kunye nokuthintela ukosulela abanye abantu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ukukhusela ukuqala kosulelo olunxulumene nebhaktiriya nako kungabonakaliswa.

Ngaphandle kokuba sisifo esosulelayo, esosulelayo esinganyangekiyo, ingqakaqha ithathwa ngokuba isuswe nguMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ngenxa yempumelelo enxulumene nokugonywa kwesi sifo. Ngaphandle koku, ugonyo lusenokucetyiswa ngenxa yokoyika okunxulunyaniswa ne-bioterrorism, kwaye kubalulekile ukuthintela isifo.

Iimpawu zentsholongwane

Iimpawu zentsholongwane zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokosulelwa yintsholongwane, iimpawu zokuqala neempawu zezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha emzimbeni;
• Umva;
• Ukugula ngokubanzi;
• Ukugabha okukhulu;
• Isicaphucaphu;
• Iintlungu zesisu;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Urhudo;
• Delirium.

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala kweempawu zokuqala, amabhamuza avela emlonyeni, ebusweni nasezingalweni ezisasazeka ngokukhawuleza esiqwini nasemilenzeni. Ezi blister zinokugqabhuka ngokulula kwaye zikhokelele ekufumaneni. Ukongeza, emva kwethutyana i-blister, ngakumbi leyo ebusweni nase-trunk, iya iqina ngakumbi kwaye ibonakala ngathi iqhotyoshelwe kulusu.

Ukuhanjiswa kwengqakaqha

Ukuhanjiswa kwengqakaqha kwenzeka ikakhulu ngokuphefumla okanye ngokudibana namathe abantu abasulelwe yile ntsholongwane. Nangona ingaxhaphakanga kangako, usasazo lusenokubakho ngokunxiba okanye ukulala.

Ingqakaqha isasazeka ngakumbi kwiveki yokuqala yosulelo, kodwa njengoko amaqhekeza enziwa emanxebeni, kuncipha ukudluliselwa.

Unjani unyango

Unyango lwengqakaqha ijolise ekuthomalaliseni iimpawu nasekukhuseleni ukosuleleka zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba umntu abe yedwa ukuze kuthintelwe ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kwabanye abantu.

Kwi-2018, ichiza iTecovirimat lavunywa, elinokusetyenziswa ngokuchasene nengqakaqha. Nangona esi sifo siphelisiwe, ukuvunywa kwaso kungenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kube ne-bioterrorism.

Uthintelo lwengqakaqha kufuneka lwenziwe ngokugonya ingqakaqha kwaye kuthintelwe ukunxibelelana nabantu abosulelekileyo okanye izinto ezinokunxibelelana nesigulana.

Vaccine Ingqakaqha

Isitofu sokuthintela ingqakaqha sithintela ukuqala kwesi sifo kwaye siyanceda ukusinyanga okanye sinciphise iziphumo zaso ukuba senziwa kwisithuba seentsuku eziyi-3-4 emva kokuba isiguli sifumene usulelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zesi sifo sele zibonakele, ukugonywa akunakuba nasiphumo.

Isitofu sokuthintela ingqaka yengqakaqha asiyiyo inxalenye yeshedyuli yokugonya esisiseko eBrazil, njengoko esi sifo sasithathwa njengesiphelisiweyo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo. Nangona kunjalo, amajoni kunye nabezempilo banokucela ukugonyelwa ukuthintela usulelo olunokwenzeka.