Yintoni iNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane yeNayile yaseNtshona (uMkhuhlane weNayile waseNtshona)?

Umxholo

• Iimpawu
• Oonobangela
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Ukuchonga usulelo
• Umfanekiso wolusu oluchaphazeleke yintsholongwane yeNayile
• Unyango
• Iinyani kunye nezibalo
• Ukuthintela usulelo
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Ukulunywa yingcongconi kunokujika kube yinto enzima ngakumbi ukuba ikosulela ngentsholongwane yeNayile (ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yiWNV). Iingcongconi zidlulisela le ntsholongwane ngokuluma intaka esulelekileyo emva koko zilume umntu. Asingabo bonke abantu abanesifo sokulunywa yingcongconi esisifo esosulelayo, nangona kunjalo.

I-WNV ingaba nzima kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-60 kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Ukuba ufunyaniswe kwaye wanyangwa ngokukhawuleza, umbono wokubuyiswa kwentsholongwane eNtshona ulungile.

Iimpawu

Ukuba unayo intsholongwane yeNayile, uya kubonisa iimpawu zentsholongwane zokuqala kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezili-14 zokulunywa. Iimpawu zentsholongwane yaseNtshona West ziyahluka ngokobunzima. Iimpawu ezinzima zingabandakanya:

• ifiva
• ukudideka
• ukuxhuzula
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• ukulahleka kombono
• ukuba ndindisholo
• ukukhubazeka
• ikhoma

Usulelo olunzima lunokuhlala iiveki ezimbalwa. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, usulelo olukhulu lunokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo.

Usulelo oluncinci aluhlali ixesha elide.Iindlela ezinobulali zentsholongwane yeNayile eNtshona zinokudideka nomkhuhlane. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ifiva
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zomzimba
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• amadlala e-lymph adumbileyo
• irhashalala esifubeni sakho, isisu, okanye umqolo

Oonobangela

Iingcongconi ezosulelekileyo zihlala zisasaza intsholongwane yeNayile. Ingcongconi iqala ngokuluma intaka esulelekileyo emva koko ilume umntu okanye esinye isilwanyana. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, utofelo-gazi, ukufakelwa amalungu, ukuncancisa, okanye ukukhulelwa kunokudlulisela intsholongwane kwaye kusasaze isifo. Intsholongwane yeNayile eNtshona ayinakusasazeka ngokwanga okanye ukuchukumisa omnye umntu.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Nabani na olunywe yingcongconi osulelekileyo unokufumana intsholongwane yeNayile. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye yabantu abalunyiweyo baba neempawu ezinzima okanye ezisongela ubomi.

Ubudala yenye yezona zinto zibeka emngciphekweni wokukhula kweempawu ezibukhali kusulelo lweNayile yaseNtshona. Umdala (ingakumbi ukuba ungaphaya kweminyaka engama-60), kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ujongane neempawu eziqatha.

Iimeko zonyango ezonyusa umngcipheko weempawu ezinzima zibandakanya:

• iimeko zezintso
• isifo seswekile
• uxinzelelo lwegazi
• umhlaza
• inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela

Ukuchonga usulelo

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa ukuba intsholongwane i-West Nile yenza uvavanyo olulula lwegazi. Oku kunokumisela ukuba ngaba unemathiriyeli yemfuza okanye izilwa-buhlungu egazini lakho ezinxulunyaniswa nentsholongwane yeNayile.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kwaye zinxulumene nengqondo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukugqobhoza i-lumbar. Kwaziwa njengempompo yomqolo, olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukufaka inaliti kumqolo wakho ukukhupha ulwelo. Intsholongwane yeNayile yeNtshonalanga inokuphakamisa ukubala kweeseli ezimhlophe kulwelo, olubonisa usulelo. I-MRI kunye nezinye iindlela zokucinga zinokunceda ekufumaneni ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwengqondo.

Umfanekiso wolusu oluchaphazeleke yintsholongwane yeNayile

Unyango

Ngenxa yokuba yimeko yentsholongwane, intsholongwane yeNayile ayinalo unyango. Kodwa ungathatha ukuphelisa iintlungu, njenge-ibuprofen okanye i-aspirin, ukunciphisa iimpawu zentsholongwane yase-West Nile ezinje ngemisipha kunye nentloko.

Ukuba ufumana ukudumba kwengqondo okanye ezinye iimpawu ezinzima, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ulwelo olungena ngaphakathi kunye namayeza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Uphando lwenziwa ngoku kunyango lwe-interferon kwintsholongwane yeNayile. Unyango lwe-Interferon lujolise ekusebenziseni izinto eziveliswa ngamajoni akho omzimba ukunyanga i-encephalitis kubantu abosuleleke yintsholongwane ye-West Nile. Uphando aluqinisekanga ngokusetyenziswa kwezi zonyango ze-encephalitis, kodwa izifundo ziyathembisa.

Olunye unyango olunokubakho olwenziwe uphando lwe-encephalitis enxulumene ne-West Nile lubandakanya:

• i-polyclonal immunoglobulin efakwa ngaphakathi (IGIV)
• I-WNV recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody (MGAWN1)
• icorticosteroids

Ugqirha wakho unokuxoxa ngolunye okanye nangaphezulu kolu nyango ukuba une-encephalitis kwaye iimpawu zakho zinzima okanye zisongela ubomi.

Iinyani kunye nezibalo

Intsholongwane yeNayile isasazeka kakhulu ehlotyeni, ngakumbi phakathi kukaJuni noSeptemba. Malunga nabantu abosulelekileyo abayi kubonisa zimpawu.

Ukujikeleza kwabantu abosulelekileyo kuya kubonisa iimpawu zomkhuhlane, ezinjengeentloko, ukugabha kunye norhudo. Ezi mpawu zihlala zidlula ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngokudinwa, zinokuqhubeka ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kosulelo lokuqala.

Bambalwa kunabantu abafumana usulelo lwentsholongwane eNtshona Nile baba neempawu ezinzima okanye iimeko ze-neurological ezifana ne-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis. Kwezi meko, bambalwa kunababulalayo.

Ukuthintela usulelo

Yonke into yokulunywa yingcongconi yonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo. La manyathelo anokukunceda ekuthinteleni intsholongwane yeNayile rhoqo xa ungaphandle:

• Gcina ulusu lwakho luvalwe ngehempe ezinemikhono emide, iibhulukhwe kunye neekawusi.
• Nxiba into egxotha izinambuzane.
• Susa onke amanzi amileyo ajikeleze ikhaya lakho (iingcongconi zitsaleleka emanzini amileyo).
• Qinisekisa ukuba iifestile neengcango zekhaya lakho zinezikrini zokumisa iingcongconi ekungeneni.
• Sebenzisa umnatha wengcongconi, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokudlala okanye iinqwelwana, ukukhusela wena nabantwana bakho ekulunyweni ziingcongconi.

Ukulunywa ziingcongconi kuxhaphake kakhulu ekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuya ekuqaleni kuka-Septemba. Umngcipheko wakho uncitshisiwe ngexesha leenyanga ezibandayo kuba iingcongconi azinakuphila kumaqondo obushushu abandayo.

Xela naziphi na iintaka ezifileyo ozibonayo kwiarhente yempilo yakho. Musa ukubamba okanye ukuphatha ezi ntaka. Iinyoni ezifileyo zingayidlulisa ngokulula intsholongwane yomNayile kwi-mosquitos, ezinokuthi ziyidlulisele ebantwini nokuba zilume nje kube kanye. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zentsholongwane ezifumaneka kwindawo ejikeleze intaka, iarhente yezempilo iyakwandisa umsebenzi wokulawulwa kwezinambuzane okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezinambuzane. Ezi zenzo zinokuthintela ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba idluliselwe ebantwini.

Imbonakalo

Nangona isitofu sikhona ukukhusela amahashe kwintsholongwane yeNayile, akukho sitofu sokugonya sabantu.

Unonophelo oluxhasayo ngexesha losulelo lweNtsholongwane yeNayile, ingakumbi olomeleleyo, kubalulekile ukuze usinde. Funa unyango ukuba uqaphela naziphi na iimpawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, ngakumbi ukuba uyazi ukuba usandula ukulunywa yingcongconi okanye undwendwele indawo eneengcongconi ezininzi.

Kungenzeka ukuba ube ngcono ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane yeNayile. Kodwa unyango olukhawulezileyo nolungaguquguqukiyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala zimnene. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba unemingcipheko ethile, njengokuguga okanye iimeko ezithile zonyango.