Umzimba welinye ilizwe empumlweni

Eli nqaku lixoxa ngoncedo lokuqala lwento yangaphandle ebekwe empumlweni.

Banomdla abantwana abancinci banokufaka izinto ezincinci ezimpumlweni zabo kwilinge eliqhelekileyo lokuhlola imizimba yabo. Izinto ezibekwe empumlweni zinokubandakanya ukutya, iimbewu, iimbotyi ezomileyo, iithoyi ezincinci (ezinje ngeemabhile), iziqwenga zekhrayoni, iirabha, iipaji zamaphepha, umqhaphu, ubuhlalu, iibhetri zamaqhosha, kunye neemagnethi zeediski.

Umzimba wasemzini kwimpumlo yomntwana unokubakho okwethutyana ngaphandle komzali eyazi ingxaki. Into inokufunyanwa kuphela xa undwendwela umboneleli wezempilo ukufumana unobangela wokucaphuka, ukopha, usulelo, okanye ukuphefumla nzima.

Iimpawu zokuba umntwana wakho abe nomzimba wasemzini empumlweni yakhe zibandakanya:

• Kunzima ukuphefumla ngeempumlo ezichaphazelekayo
• Ndiva into ethile empumlweni
• Iphunga elinevumba elibi okanye elinegazi
• Ukucaphuka, ngakumbi kwiintsana
• Ukucaphuka okanye iintlungu empumlweni

Amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala aquka:

• Yenza umntu aphefumle ngomlomo. Umntu akufuneki aphefumle kabukhali. Oku kunokunyanzela into ukuba iqhubeke.
• Cinezela ngobunono kwaye uvale impumlo engenayo into kuyo. Cela loo mntu avuthele kancinci. Oku kunokunceda ukutyhala into ngaphandle. Gwema ukuvuthela impumlo kakhulu okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
• Ukuba le ndlela iyasilela, fumana uncedo lonyango.

• SUKUKHANGELE ngempumlo usebenzisa umqhaphu okanye ezinye izixhobo. Oku kungatyhala into iye phambili empumlweni.
• SUKUYISETYENZISA ukuthintela okanye ezinye izixhobo ukususa into ebambeke nzulu ngaphakathi kwempumlo.
• SUKUZAMA ukususa into ongayiboniyo okanye ekungekho lula ukuyiqonda. Oku kungatyhala into iye phambili okanye kubangele umonakalo.

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko kuyo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Umntu akakwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle
• Ukopha kuyenzeka kwaye kuyaqhubeka ngaphezulu kwemizuzu emi-2 okanye emi-3 emva kokuba ususe into yangaphandle, ngaphandle kokubeka uxinzelelo empumlweni
• Into ibambekile kumakhaleni omabini
• Awunakususa ngokulula into yasemzini ekhaleni lomntu
• Into ibukhali, yibhetri yeqhosha, okanye iimagnethi ezimbini zeediski ezibhangqiwe (inye kwimpumlo nganye)
• Ucinga ukuba usulelo luye lwavela emathatheni apho into ibambekile

Amanyathelo othintelo anokubandakanya:

• Sika ukutya kubungakanani obufanelekileyo babantwana abancinci.
• Ungakhuthazi ukuthetha, ukuhleka, okanye ukudlala ngelixa ukutya kusemlonyeni.
• Musa ukunika ukutya okufana nezinja ezishushu, iidiliya ezipheleleyo, amandongomane, iipapa, okanye iilekese ezinzima kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu.
• Gcina izinto ezincinci apho abantwana abancinci bangenakufikelela khona.
• Fundisa abantwana ukuthintela ukubeka izinto zangaphandle ezimpumlweni nakwezinye izinto ezivulekileyo emzimbeni.

Into enamathele empumlweni; Izinto ezimpumlweni

• I-anatomy yempumlo

IHaynes JH, iZeringue M. Ukususwa kwemizimba yamanye amazwe kwindlebe kunye nempumlo. Ku: Fowler GC, ed. Iinkqubo zikaPfenninger kunye neFowler zoKhathalelo oluSisiseko. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 204.

UThomas SH, uGoodloe JM. Amalungu angaphandle. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: Iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neKlinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 53.

I-Yellen RF, i-Chi DH. I-Otolaryngology. UZitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Norwalk AJ, ii-eds. UZitelli no-Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 24.