Umqwebedu

I-Frostbite ngumonakalo kulusu kunye nezicubu ezingaphantsi ezibangelwa yingqele ebandayo. I-Frostbite yeyona ngozi ixhaphakileyo yokubanda.

I-Frostbite yenzeka xa ulusu kunye nezicubu zomzimba zichanekile kubushushu obubandayo ixesha elide.

Kungenzeka ukuba uhlakulele iqabaka ukuba:

• Thatha amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-beta-blockers
• Unonikezelo lwegazi olubi kwimilenze (isifo semithambo)
• Umsi
• Unesifo seswekile
• Yiba ne-Raynaud

Iimpawu zeqabaka zinokubandakanya:

• Izikhonkwane kunye neenaliti ukuziva, kulandelwa ukuba ndindisholo
• Ulusu oluqinileyo, olumhlophe kunye nolubandayo oluvezwe kubanda ixesha elide
• Ukuqaqanjelwa, ukubetha okanye ukungabikho kwemvakalelo kwindawo echaphazelekayo
• Olubomvu kunye nolusu olubuhlungu kakhulu kunye nesihlunu njengoko indawo inyibilika

Ingqele eqatha kakhulu inokubangela:

• Amadyungudyungu
• I-Gangrene (emnyama, izicubu ezifileyo)
• Ukonakala kweetoni, izihlunu, imithambo-luvo kunye nethambo

I-Frostbite inokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu lomzimba. Izandla, iinyawo, impumlo, kunye neendlebe zezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo kule ngxaki.

• Ukuba iqabaka alichaphazelekanga kwimithambo yegazi, ukubuyiswa okupheleleyo kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuba iqabaka lichaphazele imithambo yegazi, umonakalo uya kuhlala uhleli. Ukuqhekeka kunokwenzeka. Oku kunokufuna ukususwa kwelungu lomzimba elichaphazelekayo (ukunqunyulwa).

Umntu oneqabaka kwiingalo okanye emilenzeni unokuba ne-hypothermia (yehlisa ubushushu bomzimba). Jonga i-hypothermia kwaye unyange ezo mpawu kuqala.

Thatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu unokubakho iqabaka:

1. Mshiye kuloo ngqele ze umhambise kwindawo eshushu. Susa nabuphi na ubucwebe obungqingqwa kunye neempahla ezimanzi. Khangela iimpawu zehypothermia (ukunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba) kwaye inyange loo meko kuqala.
2. Ukuba unokufumana uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza, kungcono ukusonga iindawo ezonakeleyo ngokunxiba okungenazintsholongwane. Khumbula ukwahlula iminwe neenzwane ezichaphazelekayo. Thatha umntu lowo amse kwisebe likaxakeka ukuze ayokukhathalela.
3. Ukuba uncedo lwezamayeza alukho kufutshane, ungamnika umntu lowo uncedo lokuqala. Hlanganisa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo emanzini ashushu (angaze ashushu) - kangangemizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30. Kwiindlebe, impumlo, nezidlele, faka ilaphu elishushu rhoqo. Ubushushu bamanzi obucetyiswayo yi-104 ° F kuye kwi-108 ° F (40 ° C kuye kwi-42.2 ° C). Qhubeka ujikeleza amanzi ukunceda inkqubo yokufudumeza.Intlungu evuthayo, ukudumba, kunye notshintsho kumbala zinokwenzeka ngexesha lokufudumala. Ukufudumala kugqityiwe xa ulusu luthambile kwaye uziva ubuya.
4. Faka isicelo esomileyo, esingenazintsholongwane kwiindawo ezineqabaka. Beka izinto zokunxiba phakathi kweminwe eqingqiweyo okanye iinzwane ukuze zihlale zahlulwe.
5. Hambisa iindawo ezinyibilikiweyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
6. Ukuphinda uvuseleleke kweendawo ezinyibilikisiweyo kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Thintela ukuphinda usebenze kwakhona ngokusonga iindawo ezinyibilikisiweyo kwaye ugcine umntu eshushu. Ukuba ukukhuselwa kukuphinda usebenze kwakhona akunakuqinisekiswa, kungangcono ukulibazisa inkqubo yokuqala yokuzifudumeza de kufikelelwe kwindawo efudumeleyo nekhuselekileyo.
7. Ukuba iqabaka liqatha, nika umntu iziselo ezifudumeleyo endaweni yamanzi alahlekileyo.

Kwimeko yeqabaka, UNGAYENZI:

• Ukukhupha indawo enqabileyo ukuba ayinakugcinwa inyibilikisiwe. Ukuhlaziya kwakhona kunokubangela ukuba umonakalo wethishu ube mandundu.
• Sebenzisa ubushushu obomileyo ngokuthe ngqo (njengeradiyetha, umlilo wasenkampini, iphedi yokufudumeza, okanye isomisi seenwele) ukuze unyibilikise imimandla eneqabaka. Ukushisa ngokuthe ngqo kunokutshisa izicubu esele zonakalisiwe.
• Hlikihla okanye uhlikihla indawo echaphazelekayo.
• Ukuphazamiseka ngamadyungudyungu kulusu olubandayo.
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo ngexesha lokuchacha njengoko zombini zinokuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba:

• Ubuneqabaka eqatha
• Imvakalelo yesiqhelo kunye nombala awubuyi kwangoko emva konyango lwasekhaya kwiqabaka emnene
• I-Frostbite yenzekile kutshanje kwaye ukukhula kweempawu ezintsha, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukuziva gwenxa ngokubanzi, ukujika kombala kwesikhumba, okanye ukuhambisa amanzi kwilungu lomzimba elichaphazelekayo

Qaphela izinto ezinokubangela iqabaka. Oku kubandakanya okugabadeleyo:

• Iimpahla ezimanzi
• Imimoya ephezulu
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi okungalunganga. Ukuhamba gwenxa kunokubangelwa ziimpahla ezixineneyo okanye iibhutsi, indawo ezixineneyo, ukudinwa, amayeza athile, ukutshaya, ukusebenzisa utywala, okanye izifo ezichaphazela imithambo yegazi, enjengesifo seswekile.

Nxiba impahla ekhusela wena engqeleni. Khusela iindawo ezivelele. Kwimozulu ebandayo, nxiba i-mittens (hayi iigloves); ubungqina bomoya, ukumelana namanzi, iimpahla ezimaleko; Iibini ezimbini zeekawusi; kunye nomnqwazi okanye isikhafu esigubungele iindlebe (ukunqanda ukulahleka kobushushu entlonzeni).

Ukuba ulindele ukuba uvelelwe yingqele ixesha elide, musa ukusela utywala okanye ukutshaya. Qiniseka ukuba ufumana ukutya okwaneleyo kunye nokuphumla.

Ukuba ubanjwe kwikhephu elibi, fumana indawo yokuhlala kwangoko okanye wandise imisebenzi yomzimba ukuze ugcine ukufudumala komzimba.

Ukuvezwa okubandayo - iingalo okanye imilenze

• Ikit yokunceda kumenzakalo
• Frostbite - izandla
• Umqwebedu

Ukukhululeka L, Handford C, Imray CHE. Umqwebedu. Ku: IAuerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, ii-eds. Amayeza ase-Auerbach Wilderness. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 9.

USawka MN, u-O'Connor FG. Ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yobushushu kunye nokubanda. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 101.

UZafren K, uDanzl DF. Ingozi yehypothermia. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 132.

UZafren K, uDanzl DF. Ingqele eqhaqhazelis 'amazinyo kunye nengqele. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 131.