I-alveolar yokuqala ye-hypoventilation

I-alveolar hypoventilation yaseprayimari sisifo esinqabileyo apho umntu angathathi moya ngokwaneleyo ngomzuzu. Imiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya ziqhelekile.

Ngokwesiqhelo, xa inqanaba leoksijini egazini liphantsi okanye inqanaba lekhabhon dayoksayidi liphezulu, kukho umqondiso osuka kwingqondo wokuphefumla ngokunzulu okanye ngokukhawuleza. Kubantu abane-alveolar hypoventilation ephambili, olu tshintsho ekuphefumlweni alwenzeki.

Unobangela wale meko akaziwa. Abanye abantu banesiphene esithile semfuza.

Esi sifo sichaphazela ikakhulu amadoda aneminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala. Inokwenzeka kwakhona nasebantwaneni.

Iimpawu zihlala zibi xa ulele. Iziqendu zokuyeka ukuphefumla (i-apnea) zihlala zenzeka xa ulele. Rhoqo akubikho kuphefumla kufutshane emini.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obangelwa kukuswela ioksijini
• Ukozela emini
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko yentsasa
• Ukudumba kwamaqatha
• Ukuvuka ebuthongweni kungakhange kuvulwe
• Ukuvuka amaxesha amaninzi ebusuku

Abantu abanesi sifo banzima kakhulu nakwidosi ezincinci zokuthomalalisa okanye iziyobisi. La machiza anokwenza ingxaki yokuphefumla ibe mandundu ngakumbi.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu.

Uvavanyo luyakwenziwa ukulawula ezinye izizathu. Umzekelo, i-dystrophy yemisipha inokwenza izihlunu zembambo zibuthathaka, kwaye isifo esinganyangekiyo sesifo se-pulmonary (COPD) sonakalisa izicwili zemiphunga uqobo. Ukubetha okuncinci kunokuchaphazela indawo yokuphefumla engqondweni.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Ukulinganisa amanqanaba eoksijini kunye nekhabhon dioksi egazini (iarterial gases zegazi)
  
• I-x-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lweHematocrit kunye nehemoglobin kuvavanya amandla eoksijini okuphuma kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga
• Amanqanaba e-oksijini ngobusuku (i-oximetry)
• Iigesi zegazi
• Isifundo sokulala (ipolysomnografi)

Amayeza avuselela inkqubo yokuphefumla anokusetyenziswa kodwa awasebenzi rhoqo. Izixhobo ezinceda ukuphefumla, ngakumbi ebusuku, zinokuba luncedo kwabanye abantu.Unyango lweoksijini lunokunceda kubantu abambalwa, kodwa lunokuzenza mandundu iimpawu zobusuku kwabanye.

Impendulo kunyango iyahluka.

Inqanaba leoksijini ephantsi yegazi linokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi yemiphunga. Oku kungakhokelela kwi-cor pulmonale (ukusilela kwentliziyo esekunene).

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unempawu zolu gulo. Funa unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (cyanosis) lwenzeka.

Akukho sithintelo saziwayo. Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukusebenzisa amayeza okulala okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezinokubangela ukozela.

Isiqalekiso sika-Ondine; Ukungaphumeleli komoya; Ukuncitshiswa kwe-hypoxic ventilator drive; Ukuncitshiswa kwehypercapnic ventilator drive

• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

UCielo C, uMarcus CL. Ii-syndromes eziphambili ze-hypoventilation. Ukulala ngeKlinikhi. Ngo-2014; 9 (1): 105-118. IINKCUKACHA: 24678286 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24678286/.

IMalhotra A, iPowell F. Ukuphazamiseka kolawulo lomoya. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 80.

Weinberger SE, Cockrill BA, Mandel J. Ukuphazamiseka kolawulo lomoya. Ku: Weinberger SE, Cockrill BA, Mandel J, ii-eds. Imigaqo yePulmonary Medicine. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahl. 18.