Mediastinitis

I-Mediastinitis kukudumba kunye nokucaphuka (ukudumba) kwendawo yesifuba phakathi kwemiphunga (mediastinum). Lo mmandla uqulethe intliziyo, imilambo emikhulu yegazi, i-windpipe (i-trachea), ityhubhu yokutya (i-esophagus), i-thymus gland, i-lymph nodes, kunye nezicubu ezinxibelelwano.

I-Mediastinitis ihlala iphumela kusulelo. Inokwenzeka ngesiquphe (etsolo), okanye inokukhula kancinci kwaye ibe mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha (okungapheliyo). Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kumntu osandul 'u-endoscopy ophezulu okanye utyando lwesifuba.

Umntu unokuba neinyembezi kwisophagus ebangela i-mediastinitis. Izizathu zokulila zibandakanya:

• Inkqubo efana ne-endoscopy
• Ukuhlanza okunyanzelekileyo
• Umonzakalo

Ezinye izizathu ze-mediastinitis zibandakanya:

• Usulelo lokungunda olubizwa ngokuba yi-histoplasmosis
• Imitha
• Ukuvuvukala kwee-lymph node, imiphunga, isibindi, amehlo, ulusu, okanye ezinye izicubu (sarcoidosis)
• Isifo sephepha
• Ukuphefumla kwi-anthrax
• Umhlaza

Izinto zomngcipheko zibandakanya:

• Isifo somqala
• Iswekile yemellitus
• Iingxaki kwindawo ephezulu yesisu
• Utyando lwamva nje lwesifuba okanye i-endoscopy
• Amandla omzimba abuthathaka

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukugodola
• Ifiva
• Ukuphazamiseka ngokubanzi
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Iimpawu ze-mediastinitis kubantu abaye batyandwa kutshanje zibandakanya:

• Ukuthamba kodonga lwesifuba
• Inxeba lokuhambisa amanzi
• Udonga lwesifuba olungazinzanga

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu kunye nembali yezonyango.

Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Iskena se-CT esifubeni okanye ukuskena kweMRI
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Ultrasound

Umboneleli unokufaka inaliti kwindawo yokuvuvukala. Oku kukufumana isampulu yokuthumela ibala legrama kunye nenkcubeko ukumisela uhlobo losulelo, ukuba lukhona.

Unokufumana i-antibiotics ukuba unentsholongwane.

Unokufuna utyando ukuze ususe indawo yokuvuvukala ukuba imithambo yegazi, i-windpipe, okanye i-esophagus ivaliwe.

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobukrakra be-mediastinitis.

I-Mediastinitis emva kotyando lwesifuba inzulu kakhulu. Kukho umngcipheko wokufa kwimeko.

Iingxaki zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukusasazeka kosulelo egazini, imithambo yegazi, amathambo, intliziyo, okanye imiphunga
• Ukuqhekeka

Ukuqhekeka kunokuba nzima, ngakumbi xa kubangelwa yi-mediastinitis engapheliyo. Ukuqhekeka kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwentliziyo okanye kwemiphunga.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba ubukhe wenza utyando lwesifuba oluvulekileyo kwaye wakhula:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukugodola
• Umjelo ophuma kwilonda
• Ifiva
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Ukuba unesifo semiphunga okanye i-sarcoidosis kwaye uphuhlise nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, jonga umboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-mediastinitis enxulumene notyando lwesifuba, amanxeba otyando kufuneka agcinwe ecocekile kwaye omile emva kotyando.

Ukunyanga isifo sephepha, i-sarcoidosis, okanye ezinye iimeko ezinxulunyaniswa ne-mediastinitis kunokuthintela le ngxaki.

Usulelo lwesifuba

• Inkqubo yokuphefumla
• Mediastinum

I-Cheng GS, iVarghese TK, iPaki DR. Pneumomediastinum kunye ne-mediastinitis. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl. 84.

IVan Schooneveld TC, Rupp ME. Mediastinitis. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 85.