Iasbestosis

I-Asbestosis sisifo semiphunga esenzeka ngokuphefumla kwimicu ye-asbestos.

Ukuphefumla kwimicu ye-asbestos kunokubangela izicwili ezibomvu (i-fibrosis) ukuba zenze ngaphakathi kumphunga. Imisipha yamaphaphu ecekethekileyo ayinabisi kwaye ayivumelani ngesiqhelo.

Ukuba sibi kangakanani esi sifo kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntu uye wachaphazeleka ixesha elingakanani kwi-asbestos kunye nemali ephefumlelwe kuyo kunye nohlobo lwemicu ephefumlelwe kuyo.

Imicu ye-asbestos yayiqhele ukusetyenziswa kulwakhiwo ngaphambi kowe-1975. Ukuvezwa kwe-asbestos kwenzeka kwimigodi ye-asbestos kunye nokusila, ukwakha, ukuthintela umlilo, kunye namanye amashishini. Iintsapho zabasebenzi be-asbestos zinokuvezwa kumasuntswana aziswe ekhaya kwimpahla yomsebenzi.

Ezinye izifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos zibandakanya:

• Amacwecwe amnandi (ukubalwa)
• I-mesothelioma enobungozi (umhlaza we-pleura, umgca wemiphunga), onokukhula emva kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40 emva kokuvezwa.
• Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural, okuyiqoqo eqokelela kwimiphunga kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuvezwa kwe-asbestos kwaye inobungozi
• Umhlaza wemiphunga

Abasebenzi namhlanje kunqabile ukuba bafumane izifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos ngenxa yemigaqo karhulumente.

Ukutshaya icuba kukonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nezifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos.

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Khohlela
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane kunye nomsebenzi (ucotha kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha)
• Ukuqina esifubeni

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• Iiklabhu zeminwe
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesipikili

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu.

Xa umamele isifuba nge-stethoscope, umboneleli unokuva izandi ezibethekisayo ezibizwa ngokuba ziirali.

Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ukufumanisa isifo:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Uvavanyo lwe-CT lwemiphunga
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga

Akukho lunyango. Ukuyeka ukuboniswa kwi-asbestos kubalulekile. Ukunciphisa iimpawu, ukuhambisa amanzi kunye nesifuba kunokunceda ukususa ulwelo kwimiphunga.

Ugqirha unokuyalela amayeza e-aerosol kulwelo oluncinci lwemiphunga. Abantu abakule meko banokufuna ukufumana ioksijini ngesigqumathelo okanye ngesiqwenga seplastiki esilingana neempumlo. Abantu abathile banokufuna ukufakelwa kwemiphunga.

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lwesi sifo ngokujoyina iqela lenkxaso yemiphunga. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Ezi zixhobo zinokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwi-asbestosis:

• Umbutho waseMelika wemiphunga - www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asbestosis
• Umbutho woKwazisa ngeSifo se-Asbestos- www.asbestosdiseaseawareness.org
• I-United States yoKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilo- www.osha.gov/SLTC/asbestos

Isiphumo sixhomekeke kubungakanani be-asbestos obukhe wabhencwa kuyo kunye nokuba utyhileke ixesha elingakanani.

Abantu abaphuhlisa i-mesothelioma enobungozi bahlala benesiphumo esibi.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ubonakalisiwe kwi-asbestos kwaye uneengxaki zokuphefumla. Ukuba ne-asbestosis kwenza kube lula kuwe ukuba ube nosulelo lwemiphunga. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokufumana izitofu zokugonya umkhuhlane kunye nenyumoniya.

Ukuba ufumene ukuba une-asbestosis, tsalela umnikezeli wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uvela ukhohlokhohlo, ukuphefumla kancinci, umkhuhlane, okanye ezinye iimpawu zosulelo lwemiphunga, ngakumbi ukuba ucinga unomkhuhlane. Kuba imiphunga yakho sele yonakele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usulelo lunyangwe ngoko nangoko. Oku kuya kuthintela iingxaki zokuphefumla ekubeni zingqine, kunye nomonakalo ongaphezulu kwimiphunga yakho.

Kubantu abaye babhencwa kwi-asbestos ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10, ukuhlolwa kwesifuba i-x-ray rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 kunokufumana izifo ezinxulumene ne-asbestos kwangoko. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuwunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga onxulumene ne-asbestos.

I-pulmonary fibrosis - ukusuka ekuvezeni i-asbestos; I-pneumonitis yangaphakathi-ukusuka ekuvezeni i-asbestos

• Isifo semiphunga esiphakathi kwabantu abadala- ukukhutshwa

• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

UCowie RL, u-Becklake MR. Iinyumoniya. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2016: isahluko 73.

I-Tarlo SM. Isifo semiphunga emsebenzini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 87.