Ukusilela kwe-alpha-1 antitrypsin

Ukusilela kwe-Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) yimeko apho umzimba ungenzi ngokwaneleyo nge-AAT, iprotein ekhusela imiphunga nesibindi ekonakaleni. Imeko inokukhokelela kwi-COPD kunye nesifo sesibindi (i-cirrhosis).

I-AAT luhlobo lweprotheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-protease inhibitor. I-AAT yenziwe esibindini kwaye isebenza ukukhusela imiphunga kunye nesibindi.

Ukusilela kwe-AAT kuthetha ukuba ayonelanga le protein emzimbeni. Kubangelwa sisiphene semfuza. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabantu baseYurophu nabaseMntla Merika abanemvelaphi yaseYurophu.

Abantu abadala abanesifo esibi se-AAT baya kuphuhlisa i-emphysema, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Ukutshaya kungonyusa umngcipheko we-emphysema kwaye kuyenze yenzeke kwangoko.

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nangaphandle kokuzikhandla, kunye nezinye iimpawu zeCOPD
• Iimpawu zokusilela kwesibindi
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima ngaphandle kokuzama
• Ukukhawuleza

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa isifuba esenziwe ngombhobho, ukuvutha, okanye ukunciphisa izandi zokuphefumla. Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokunceda ekufumaneni isifo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-AAT
• Iigesi zegazi
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-CT kwesifuba
• Uvavanyo lwemfuzo
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokukrokrela ukuba unale meko ukuba uphuhlisa:

• I-COPD ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-45
• I-COPD kodwa awuzange utshaye okanye uvezwe kwiityhefu
• COPD kwaye unembali yosapho kwimeko
• I-Cirrhosis kwaye akukho sizathu simbi sinokufunyanwa
• I-Cirrhosis kwaye unembali yosapho yesifo sesibindi

Unyango lokusilela kwe-AAT kubandakanya ukufaka endaweni yeeprotein ze-AAT ezingekhoyo. Iprotein inikwa ngomthambo veki nganye okanye iiveki ezine. Oku kusebenza ngokuthe ngqo ekukhuseleni umonakalo ongaphezulu wemiphunga kubantu abangenaso isifo sokuphela. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yonyango lokwengeza.

Ukuba uyatshaya, kufuneka uyeke.

Olunye unyango lusetyenziselwa i-COPD kunye ne-cirrhosis.

Ukufakelwa kwemiphunga kunokusetyenziselwa isifo semiphunga esibi, kwaye ukufakelwa kwesibindi kunokusetyenziselwa ukuqina kwesibindi.

Abanye abantu abanokusilela abayi kukhula isifo sesibindi okanye semiphunga. Ukuba uyeka ukutshaya, unokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo semiphunga.

I-COPD kunye ne-cirrhosis zisongela ubomi.

Iingxaki zokusilela kwe-AAT zibandakanya:

• I-Bronchiectasis (ukonakaliswa kweendlela ezinkulu zomoya)
• Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)
• Ukusilela kwesibindi okanye umhlaza

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba uvelisa iimpawu zokusilela kwe-AAT.

Ukusilela kwe-AAT; Ukusilela kwe-alpha-1 protease; I-COPD-alpha-1 antitrypsin ukuswela; I-Cirrhosis-alpha-1 antitrypsin ukuswela

• Amaphaphu
• I-anatomy yesibindi

UHan MK, uLazaro SC. I-COPD: ukufumanisa isifo kunye nolawulo. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 44.

IHatipoglu U, iStoller JK. I-a1 -antitrypsin ukuswela. Iiklinikhi zesifuba iMed. Ngo-2016; 37 (3): 487-504. IINKCUKACHA: 27514595 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27514595/.

UWinnie GB, iBoas SR. I-a1 -antitrypsin ukuswela kunye ne-emphysema. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 421.