Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo

Uhlaselo lwentliziyo oluninzi lubangelwa ligazi elivale enye yemithambo yegazi. Imithambo yegazi izisa igazi neoksijini entliziyweni. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuvaliwe, intliziyo ilambile yomoya kwaye iiseli zentliziyo ziyafa.

Ixesha lezonyango kule nto yi-myocardial infarction.

Into ekuthiwa yicwecwe inokwakha kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi yakho. Eli cwecwe lenziwe yicholesterol nezinye iiseli.

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunokwenzeka xa:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwi-plaque kwenzeka. Oku kubangela iiplatelets zegazi kunye nezinye izinto ukuba zenze i-clot yegazi kwindawo ebhloka kakhulu okanye lonke igazi eliphethe ioksijini lingaphumi liye kwinxalenye yesisu sentliziyo. Esi sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.

Unobangela wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo akusoloko kusaziwa, kodwa kukho izinto eziyingozi eziyaziwayo.

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunokwenzeka:

• Xa uphumle okanye ulele
• Emva kokunyuka ngequbuliso kwimisebenzi yomzimba
• Xa usebenza ngaphandle kwimozulu ebandayo
• Emva ngesiquphe, uxinzelelo olukhulu lweemvakalelo okanye lomzimba, kubandakanya ukugula

Zininzi izinto ezinobungozi ezinokuthi zikhokelele kuphuhliso lokwakhiwa kwamatye kunye nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Isifo sentliziyo yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Ukuba uneempawu zesifo sentliziyo, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko kwangoko.

• SUKUZAMA ukuziqhubela ngokwakho esibhedlele.
• Sukulinda. Unobungozi obukhulu bokufa ngesiquphe kwiiyure zokuqala zesifo sentliziyo.

Intlungu yesifuba luphawu oluqhelekileyo lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.

• Unokuziva iintlungu kwilungu elinye lomzimba wakho OKANYE
• Ubuhlungu bunokuhamba busuka esifubeni sakho buye kwiingalo zakho, igxalaba, intamo, amazinyo, umhlathi, indawo yesisu, okanye umva

Intlungu ingaba nzima okanye ilula. Inokuziva ngathi:

• Ibhanti eqinileyo esifubeni
• Ukugaya okungalunganga
• Into enzima ehleli esifubeni sakho
• Ukucwina okanye uxinzelelo olunzima

Iintlungu zihlala zihlala ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-20. Ukuphumla kunye neyeza lokuthambisa imithambo yegazi (ebizwa ngokuba yi-nitroglycerin) ayinakukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ukubakho kwentliziyo. Iimpawu nazo zinokuhamba kwaye zibuye zibuye.

Ezinye iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo zingabandakanya:

• Ixhala
• Khohlela
• Ukufa isiqaqa
• Ubukhaphukhaphu, isiyezi
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Iipalpitations (ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungafaniyo)
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukubila, okunokuba nzima kakhulu

Abanye abantu (kubandakanya abantu abadala abadala, abantu abanesifo seswekile, kunye nabasetyhini) banokuba nentlungu encinci okanye bangabi nayo kwaphela esifubeni. Okanye, banokuba neempawu ze-atypical ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka. "Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo" sisifo sentliziyo kungekho zimpawu zinokubakho.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye umamele esifubeni sakho usebenzisa i-stethoscope.

• Umboneleli unokuva izandi ezingaqhelekanga kwimiphunga yakho (ebizwa ngokuba ziingceba), ukumbombozela kwentliziyo, okanye ezinye izandi ezingaqhelekanga.
• Unokuba ne-pulse ekhawulezayo okanye engalinganiyo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, ephezulu, okanye esezantsi.

Uya kuba ne-electrocardiogram (ECG) ukukhangela umonakalo wentliziyo. Rhoqo, utshintsho oluthile kwi-ECG lubonisa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, nangona isifo sentliziyo singenzeka ngaphandle kotshintsho lwe-ECG.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukuba unokonakala kwithishu yentliziyo. Olu vavanyo lunokuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo. Uvavanyo luphindaphindwa ngokuhamba kwexesha.

I-Coronary angiography inokwenziwa kwangoko okanye emva kwexesha lokugula.

• Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa idayi ekhethekileyo kunye ne-x-ray ukubona indlela igazi elihamba ngayo entliziyweni yakho.
• Inokukunceda ugqirha wakho athathe isigqibo sokuba loluphi unyango olufunayo ngokulandelayo.

Olunye uvavanyo lokujonga intliziyo yakho enokuthi yenziwe ngelixa usesibhedlele:

• I-Echocardiography kunye novavanyo loxinzelelo
• Zilolonge uvavanyo loxinzelelo
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenyukliya
• Intliziyo ye-CT scan okanye i-MRI yentliziyo

UNYANGO OLUKhawulezileyo

• Uya kuxhonywa kwisohlo sentliziyo, ukuze iqela lokhathalelo lwempilo libone ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha rhoqo kangakanani.
• Uya kufumana ioksijini.
• Umgca ofakwa ngaphakathi (IV) uyakufakwa kwimithambo yakho. Amayeza kunye nolwelo ludlula kule IV.
• Unokufumana i-nitroglycerin kunye ne-morphine ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu zesifuba.
• Unokufumana iasprini, ngaphandle kokuba ayizukukhusela wena. Kwimeko apho, uya kunikwa elinye iyeza elithintela amahlwili egazi.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (arrhythmias) kunokunyangwa ngamayeza okanye ngomothuko wombane.

IINKQUBO EZINGXAMISEKILEYO

I-Angioplasty yinkqubo yokuvula imithambo yegazi emxinwa okanye evaliweyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.

• I-Angioplasty ihlala inyango lokuqala lonyango. Kufuneka yenziwe ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-90 emva kokuba ufike esibhedlele, kwaye ihlala ingekho ngaphezulu kweeyure ezili-12 emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.
• I-stent yityhubhu encinci yentsimbi evulekileyo (eyandayo) ngaphakathi komthambo we-coronary. I-stent ihlala ibekwa emva okanye ngexesha le-angioplasty. Inceda ukuthintela umthambo ekuvaleni kwakhona.

Unokunikwa iziyobisi zokuqhekeza ihlwili. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yonyango lwe-thrombolytic. Kungcono ukuba la machiza anikwa kwakamsinya emva kokuqala kweempawu, zihlala zingadlulanga iiyure ezili-12 emva kwawo kwaye kufanelekile ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 ufikile esibhedlele.

Abanye abantu banokuba nentliziyo yokugqithisa utyando ukuvula imithambo yegazi emxinwa okanye evaliweyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumthambo we-coronary art bypass grafting kunye / okanye utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo.

UNYANGO EMVA KOKUHLASWA YINTLIZIYO

Emva kweentsuku ezininzi, uyakukhutshwa esibhedlele.

Uya kudinga ukuthatha amayeza, amanye ubomi bakho bonke. Soloko uthetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka okanye ukutshintsha indlela owathatha ngayo nawaphi na amayeza. Ukuyekisa amayeza athile kunokuba yingozi.

Ngelixa uphantsi kweliso leqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo, uya kufunda:

• Ungawathatha njani amayeza ukunyanga ingxaki yentliziyo yakho kunye nokuthintela uhlaselo lwentliziyo olungakumbi
• Ungakutya njani ukutya okunesifo sentliziyo
• Ungasebenza njani kwaye uzilolonge ngokukhuselekileyo
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa unentlungu esifubeni
• Ungayeka njani ukutshaya

Iimvakalelo ezinamandla ziqhelekile emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

• Ungaziva ulusizi
• Unokuziva uxhalabile kwaye ukhathazekile malunga nokuba ulumke ngayo yonke into oyenzayo

Zonke ezi mvakalelo ziqhelekile. Bemka baya kubantu abaninzi emva kweeveki ezi-2 okanye ezi-3.

Unokuziva udiniwe xa uphuma esibhedlele ugoduka.

Uninzi lwabantu abaye bahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo bathatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kwintliziyo.

Abantu abaninzi bayazuza ngokuthatha inxaxheba kumaqela enkxaso kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo.

Emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, unethuba eliphezulu lokuba nesinye isifo sentliziyo.

Uqhuba kakuhle kangakanani emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezinje:

• Isixa somonakalo kwintliziyo yakho yemisipha kunye nezivalo zentliziyo
• Apho ukhona lo monakalo
• Unonophelo lwakho lonyango emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo

Ukuba intliziyo yakho ayisakwazi ukumpompa igazi emzimbeni wakho nanjengoko wawukade ukwenzile, unokuhlakulela ukusilela kwentliziyo. Iimpawu zentliziyo engaqhelekanga zinokwenzeka, kwaye zinokubusongela ubomi.

Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela kancinci kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Oku kubandakanya imisebenzi yesondo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuba ungakanani umsebenzi olungele wena.

Imyocardial infarction; MI; MI efanelekileyo; I-ST - ukuphakama kwe-myocardial infarction; I-non-ST - ukuphakama kwe-myocardial infarction; NSTEMI; CAD - isifo sentliziyo; Imithambo yegazi - isifo sentliziyo

• I-Angioplasty kunye ne-stent-heart-discharge
• Cholesterol - unyango lweziyobisi
• Ikholesterol - yintoni ekufuneka uyibuze kugqirha wakho
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo- ukubuza ugqirha
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu- yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukuthatha i-warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) -ukubuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukuthatha warfarin (Coumadin)

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Ukuqhubela phambili kokwakhiwa kwecwecwe kwimithambo yegazi
• MI efanelekileyo
• Thumela ii-ECG ze-infyoction ye-myocardial infarction
• Imithambo yentliziyo engasemva
• Imithambo yentliziyo engaphambili
• Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Intlungu yomhlathi kunye nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo

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