Ukumelwa yintliziyo

Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo yimeko apho intliziyo ayisakwazi ukupompa igazi eline-oksijini kuwo wonke umzimba ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba iimpawu zenzeke emzimbeni wonke.

Ukusilela kwentliziyo kuhlala kuyimeko yexesha elide (engapheliyo), kodwa inokuza ngesiquphe. Ingabangelwa ziingxaki zentliziyo ezahlukeneyo.

Le meko inokuchaphazela kuphela icala lasekunene okanye icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo. Omabini amacala entliziyo nawo angabandakanyeka.

Ukusilela kwentliziyo kubakho xa:

• Imisipha yentliziyo yakho ayinakukwazi ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukusilela kwentliziyo ye-systolic, okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo ngenxalenye yokunciphisa i-ejection (HFrEF).
• Isihlunu sentliziyo yakho siqinile kwaye asizalisi gazi ngokulula nangona amandla empompa eqhelekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ye-diastolic, okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo ngenxalenye ye-ejection (HFpEF).

Njengoko ukupompa kwentliziyo kuye kungasebenzi kakuhle, igazi linokubuyela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ulwelo lunokwakha kwimiphunga, isibindi, ithumbu, neengalo nemilenze. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo.

Oonobangela abaqhelekileyo bokusilela kwentliziyo zezi:

• Isifo semithambo yeCoronary (CAD), ukunciphisa okanye ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi encinci ebonelela ngegazi kunye neoksijini entliziyweni. Oku kunokuyenza buthathaka imisipha yentliziyo ngokuhamba kwexesha okanye ngequbuliso.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulwanga kakuhle, olukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuqina, okanye ekugqibeleni zikhokelele ekubeni buthathaka kwezihlunu.

Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo ezinokubangela ukusilela kwentliziyo zezi:

• Isifo sentliziyo
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo (xa isifo somthambo siphumela kwisithintelo esivelisayo sentliziyo)
• Iipavali zentliziyo ezivuzayo okanye ezimxinwa
• Usulelo olwenza buthathaka izihlunu zentliziyo
• Ezinye iintlobo zeentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (arrhythmias)

Ezinye izifo ezinokubangela okanye zibe negalelo kukusilela kwentliziyo:

• Amyloidosis
• I-Emphysema
• Ukugqithisa kwe-thyroid
• I-Sarcoidosis
• Anemia kakhulu
• Intsimbi eninzi emzimbeni
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-thyroid

Iimpawu zokusilela kwentliziyo zihlala ziqala kancinci. Ekuqaleni, zinokwenzeka kuphela xa usebenza kakhulu. Ixesha elingaphezulu, unokuqaphela iingxaki zokuphefumla kunye nezinye iimpawu nokuba uphumla. Iimpawu zinokuvela ngesiquphe emva kokuba intliziyo yonakaliswe sisifo sentliziyo okanye enye ingxaki.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Khohlela
• Ukudinwa, ukuba buthathaka, nokudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Kufuneka uchame ebusuku
• I-pulse evakalelwa ngokukhawuleza okanye engaqhelekanga, okanye imvakalelo yokuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo (ukubetha kwentliziyo)
• Ukuphefumla kancinci xa usebenza okanye emva kokulala
• Ukudumba (ukwandisa) isibindi okanye isisu
• Iinyawo ezidumbileyo namaqatha
• Ukuvuka ebuthongweni emva kweeyure ezimbalwa ngenxa yokuphefumla okufutshane
• Ukutyeba kwakho

Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo uya kukuvavanya ukuba uneempawu zokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo:

• Ukukhawuleza okanye ukuphefumla nzima
• Ukudumba komlenze (i-edema)
• Imithambo yeentsimbi ekhutshelwa ngaphandle (ikhutshiwe)
• Izandi (ukuqhekeka) ukusuka kulwakhiwo lwamanzi emiphungeni yakho, uve ngestethoscope
• Ukudumba kwesibindi okanye isisu
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungalinganiyo okanye okukhawulezayo kunye nezandi zentliziyo engaqhelekanga

Iimvavanyo ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa nokujonga ukusilela kwentliziyo.

I-echocardiogram (i-echo) yeyona nto iphambili kuvavanyo lokuqala kubantu xa ukusilela kwentliziyo kuvavanywa. Umboneleli wakho uya kuyisebenzisa ukukhokela unyango lwakho.

Olunye uvavanyo lwe-imaging lungajonga indlela intliziyo yakho ekwazi ngayo ukumpompa igazi, nokuba yonakalise kangakanani imisipha yentliziyo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi lunokusetyenziselwa:

• Nceda ufumanise kwaye ujonge ukusilela kwentliziyo
• Ukuchonga umngcipheko kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sentliziyo
• Khangela izizathu ezinokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, okanye iingxaki ezinokwenza ukuba intliziyo yakho ihluleke ngakumbi
• Ukujonga iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza onokuthi uwathathe

UKUBEK'ESWENI NOKUKHATHALELA UKUZEZA

Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, umboneleli wakho uya kukubeka esweni ngokusondeleyo. Uya kuba notyelelo lokulandelela ubuncinci rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha rhoqo kakhulu. Uya kuba novavanyo lokujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho.

Ukwazi umzimba wakho kunye neempawu zokuba ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho kuya kusiba mandundu kuya kukunceda uhlale usempilweni kwaye uphume esibhedlele. Ekhaya, jonga utshintsho kwinqanaba lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, ukubetha kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nobunzima.

Ukufumana ubunzima, ngakumbi ngaphezulu kosuku okanye ezimbini, kunokuba luphawu lokuba umzimba wakho ubambelele kulwelo olongezelelekileyo kwaye ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho kuya kusiba mandundu. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nento ekufuneka uyenzile ukuba ubunzima bakho bunyuka okanye uvelisa ezinye iimpawu.

Nciphisa ityuwa oyityayo. Umboneleli wakho unokukucela ukuba unciphise ukuba uphuza amanzi angakanani emini.

Olunye utshintsho olubalulekileyo ekufuneka ulwenzile kwindlela yakho yokuphila:

• Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ungasela kangakanani utywala.
• Musa ukutshaya.
• Hlala usebenza. Hamba okanye ukhwele ibhayisekile emileyo. Umboneleli wakho unokubonelela ngesicwangciso sokuzilolonga esikhuselekileyo nesisebenzayo kuwe. UNGAYENZI imithambo ngeentsuku apho ubunzima bakho bunyuke kulwelo okanye awuziva mnandi.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ukuba utyebe kakhulu.
• Yehlisa icholesterol yakho ngokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo, kuquka nasemva kokuzilolonga, ukutya okanye ukwenza eminye imisebenzi. Oku kuvumela intliziyo yakho ukuba iphumle nayo.

AMAYEZA, UKUGQIBELA, KUNYE NEZIXHOBO

Uya kudinga ukuthatha amayeza ukunyanga ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho. Amayeza anyanga iimpawu, athintela ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho ekubeni mandundu, kwaye akuncede uphile ixesha elide. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uthathe amayeza akho njengokuyalelwa liqela lokhathalelo lwempilo.

La mayeza:

• Nceda impompo yemisipha yentliziyo ibengcono
• Gcina igazi lakho ekunqandeni
• Nciphisa amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol
• Vula imithambo yegazi okanye ucothise ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ukuze intliziyo yakho ingasebenzi nzima
• Ukunciphisa umonakalo entliziyweni
• Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
• Faka indawo ye potassium
• Susa umzimba wakho ogqithisileyo kunye netyuwa (isodiyam)

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uthathe amayeza akho ngendlela oyalelwe ngayo. MUSA ukuthatha naziphi na ezinye iziyobisi okanye amayeza ngaphandle kokubuza umboneleli wakho ngazo. Iziyobisi ezinokwenza ukuba ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho zibe mbi zibandakanya:

• Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• UNaproxen (uAleve, uNaprosyn)

Olu tyando nezixhobo zilandelayo zinokucetyiswa kwabanye abantu abanokusilela kwentliziyo:

• Utyando lweCoronary bypass (CABG) okanye i-angioplasty kunye okanye ngaphandle kokuqhafaza kunokunceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kwimisipha yentliziyo eyonakeleyo okanye ebuthathaka.
• Utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo lunokwenziwa ukuba utshintsho kwivalve yentliziyo lubangela ukusilela kwentliziyo yakho.
• I-pacemaker inokukunceda ukunyanga ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukunceda omabini amacala esivumelwano sentliziyo ngaxeshanye.
• I-defibrillator ithumela ukubetha kombane ukuyeka ukusongela ubomi ngesingqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga.

UKUPHELA KWENKQUBO YOKUPHILA KWENTLIZIYO

Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ngamandla kwenzeka xa unyango lungasasebenzi. Unyango oluthile lunokusetyenziswa xa umntu elinde (okanye endaweni yoko) ukufakelwa kwentliziyo:

• Impompo ye-intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)
• Isixhobo sokuncedisa ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene (LVAD)
• Iyonke intliziyo eyenziweyo

Ngexesha elithile, umboneleli uya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba kungcono ukugcina unyango lwentliziyo lusile. Umntu, kunye nosapho kunye noogqirha, banokufuna ukuxoxa ngononophelo okanye ukonwaba ngeli xesha.

Rhoqo, unokulawula ukusilela kwentliziyo ngokuthatha amayeza, ukutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo, nokunyanga imeko ebangele oko.

Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunokuba kubi ngesiquphe ngenxa:

• Ischemia (ukunqongophala kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimisipha yentliziyo)
• Ukutya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Usulelo okanye ezinye izifo
• Ukungawasebenzisi ngokuchanekileyo amayeza
• Entsha, izingqisho zentliziyo engaqhelekanga

Uninzi lwexesha, ukusilela kwentliziyo sisifo esinganyangekiyo. Abanye abantu bakhula ukusilela kwentliziyo. Kule nqanaba, amayeza, ezinye iindlela zonyango kunye nokuhlinzwa akusayi kunceda imeko.

Abantu abanokusilela kwentliziyo banokuba semngciphekweni wokuziphatha okuyingozi kwentliziyo. Aba bantu bahlala befumana isihlomelo esimiliselweyo.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba uphuhlisa:

• Ukwanda ukhohlokhohlo okanye phlegm
• Ukutyeba ngokukhawuleza okanye ukudumba
• Ubuthathaka
• Ezinye iimpawu ezintsha okanye ezingachazwanga

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911) ukuba:

• Uyaphela amandla
• Unesantya sentliziyo esikhawulezileyo nesingaqhelekanga (ngakumbi ukuba unezinye iimpawu)
• Uziva ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba

Uninzi lweziganeko zokusilela kwentliziyo kunokuthintelwa ngokuphila ngendlela esempilweni kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo ajolise ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.

CHF; Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo; Ukusilela kwentliziyo ngasekhohlo; Ukusilela kwentliziyo esekunene-i-cor pulmonale; Cardiomyopathy - ukusilela kwentliziyo; HF

• I-ACE inhibitors
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• Ukusebenza xa unesifo senhliziyo
• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-ukukhutshwa
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ulwelo kunye ne-diuretics
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-ukubeka iliso ekhaya
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Intliziyo pacemaker - ukubhobhoza
• Isixhobo se-Cardioverter defibrillator esinokufakwa

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Ukujikeleza kwegazi ngentliziyo
• Ukudumba kweenyawo

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