I-atherosclerosis

I-atherosclerosis, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba "kukuqina kwemithambo," yenzeka xa amanqatha, icholesterol, nezinye izinto zakha iindonga zemithambo. Ezi dipozithi zibizwa ngokuba ngamacwecwe. Ixesha elingaphezulu, la macwecwe anokucutha okanye avimbe ngokupheleleyo imithambo kwaye ibangele iingxaki kuwo wonke umzimba.

I-atherosclerosis sisifo esiqhelekileyo.

I-atherosclerosis ihlala yenzeka ngokuguga. Njengoko ukhula, i-plaque buildup iyayinciphisa imithambo yakho kwaye iyenze iqine. Olu tshintsho lwenza kube nzima ukuba igazi liphume kuzo.

Amahlwili angenza kwezi mithambo zincinci kwaye athintele ukuphuma kwegazi. Iziqwenga zamacwecwe zinokuqhekeka kwaye ziye kwimithambo yegazi encinci, zivaleke.

Ezi zithintelo zilamba indlala yegazi kunye neoksijini. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo okanye ukubulawa kwethishu. Ingunobangela oqhelekileyo wokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha.

Amanqanaba aphezulu egazi cholesterol kunokubangela ukuqina kwemithambo usemncinci.

Kubantu abaninzi, amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol ngenxa yokutya okuphezulu kakhulu kumafutha agcweleyo kunye namafutha e-trans.

Ezinye izinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo ekuqineni kwemithambo zibandakanya:

• Seswekile
• Imbali yosapho yokuqaqadeka kwemithambo
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukungabikho kokuzilolonga
• Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu
• Ukutshaya

I-Atherosclerosis ayibangeli zimpawu de ukuphuma kwegazi kwinxalenye yomzimba kuncitshiswe okanye kuthintelwe.

Ukuba imithambo enikezela intliziyo iba mxinwa, ukuhamba kwegazi kunokuhamba kancinci okanye kuyeke. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu zesifuba (i-angina ezinzileyo), ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Imithambo emxinwa okanye evaliweyo inokubangela ingxaki emathunjini, kwizintso, emilenzeni nasezingqondweni.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye amamele intliziyo kunye nemiphunga nge-stethoscope. I-Atherosclerosis inokudala isandi ("bruit") ngaphezulu komthambo.

Bonke abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezulu kwe-18 kufuneka kuvavanywe uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo ngonyaka. Ukulinganiswa rhoqo kunokufuneka kunabo banembali yokufundwa koxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye abo banemingcipheko yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.

Ukuvavanywa kwecholesterol kuyacetyiswa kubo bonke abantu abadala. Izikhokelo zikazwelonke eziphambili zahlukile kwiminyaka ecetywayo yokuqalisa ukuvavanywa.

• Uvavanyo kufuneka luqale phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-35 yamadoda kunye nama-20 ukuya kuma-45 kwabasetyhini.
• Ukuphindaphinda uvavanyo alufuneki kangangeminyaka emihlanu kubantu abadala abanamanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-cholesterol.
• Ukuphindaphinda ukuvavanywa kunokufuneka ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lwenzeka, njengokunyuka okukhulu kubunzima okanye utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo.
• Ukuvavanywa rhoqo kuyafuneka kubantu abadala abanembali ye-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, iingxaki zezintso, isifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, kunye nezinye iimeko

Inani leemvavanyo zokucinga zinokusetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba igazi lihamba njani kwimithambo yakho.

• Uvavanyo lweDoppler olusebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye amaza esandi
• I-Magnetic resonance arteriography (MRA), uhlobo olukhethekileyo lokuvavanywa kweMRI
• Izikeni ezikhethekileyo ze-CT ezibizwa ngokuba yi-CT angiography
• Iiarteriograms okanye ii-angiography ezisebenzisa ii-x-reyi kunye nezinto ezingafaniyo (ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba "yidayi") ukubona indlela yokuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kwimithambo

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila luya kunciphisa umngcipheko we-atherosclerosis. Izinto onokuzenza zibandakanya:

• Yeka ukutshaya: Olu lolona tshintsho lubalulekileyo onokulenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala.
• Kuphephe ukutya okunamafutha: Yitya ukutya okunezondlo okusezantsi okutyebileyo kunye necholesterol. Faka iinkonzo ezininzi zemihla ngemihla zeziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Ukongeza iintlanzi ekutyeni kwakho ubuncinci kabini ngeveki kunokuba luncedo. Nangona kunjalo, ungatyi intlanzi eqhotsiweyo.
• Nciphisa utywala obuselayo: Imida ekhuthazwayo sisiselo esinye ngemini kubafazi, ezimbini ngosuku kumadoda.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo: Zilolonge ngomndilili (njengokuhamba ngokukhawuleza) iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki kangangemizuzu engama-30 ngemini ukuba ukutyebile. Ukwehla kobunzima, sebenzisa imizuzu engama-60 ukuya kwengama-90 ngosuku. Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuqala isicwangciso esitsha sokuzilolonga, ngakumbi ukuba ufumene ukuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye ukhe wahlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu, kubalulekile ukuba ulihlise kwaye uligcine phantsi kolawulo.

Injongo yonyango ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ukuze ube nomngcipheko ophantsi weengxaki zempilo ezibangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi. Wena kunye nomboneleli wakho kufuneka ubeke iinjongo zoxinzelelo lwegazi kuwe.

• Sukuyeka okanye ukutshintsha amayeza oxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphandle kokuthetha nomboneleli wakho.

Umboneleli wakho unokufuna ukuba uthathe amayeza amanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-cholesterol okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ukuba utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila alusebenzi. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka:

• Iminyaka yakho
• Amayeza owathathayo
• Umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kumayeza akhoyo
• Nokuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye ezinye iingxaki zokuhamba kwegazi
• Nokuba uyatshaya okanye utyebile
• Nokuba unesifo seswekile okanye ezinye izifo ezinesifo sentliziyo
• Nokuba unazo naziphi na iingxaki zonyango, ezinjengesifo sezintso

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe iasprini okanye elinye iyeza ukunceda ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ekubeni abe kwimithambo yakho. La mayeza abizwa ngokuba ngamachiza antiplatelet. MUSA ukuthatha iasprini ngaphandle kokuqala uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Ukuphulukana nobunzima ukuba utyebe kakhulu kwaye unciphisa iswekile egazini ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye isifo seswekile sinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-atherosclerosis.

I-atherosclerosis ayinakuguqulwa xa sele yenzekile. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokunyanga amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol anokuthintela okanye ayicothise inkqubo ekubeni mandundu. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nesifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha ngenxa yesifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-plaque yinxalenye yenkqubo ebangela ukuba lube buthathaka udonga lwemithambo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-bulge kumthambo obizwa ngokuba yi-aneurysm. Ii-Aneurysms zinokuqhekeka (zivuleke). Oku kubangela ukopha okunokusongela ubomi.

Ukuqina kwemithambo; Isifo seArteriosclerosis; Ukwakhiwa kweplaque - imithambo; Hyperlipidemia - isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi; Ikholesterol - isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi

• Ukulungiswa kwesisu se-aortic aneurysm - ukukhutshwa okuvulekileyo
• Ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm-endovascular-discharge
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu- yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile- ukubuza ugqirha

• ICarotid stenosis -I-X-ray yomthambo wasekhohlo
• ICarotid stenosis -I-X-ray yomthambo olungileyo
• Umbono owandisiweyo we-atherosclerosis
• Ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo
• Inkqubo yophuhliso lwe-atherosclerosis
• UAngina
• I-atherosclerosis
• Abavelisi beCholesterol
• I-Coronary artery balloon angioplasty - uthotho

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