Uvavanyo lwesifo seswekile

Isifo seswekile sinokuwenzakalisa amehlo akho. Ingonakalisa imithambo yegazi encinci kwi-retina yakho, udonga lwangasemva lweliso lakho. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile.

Isifo seswekile sonyusa umngcipheko we-glaucoma kunye nezinye iingxaki zamehlo.

Awunakuqaphela ukuba amehlo akho onakele ide ingxaki ibe mbi kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho unokufumana iingxaki kwangoko ukuba ufumana iimviwo zamehlo rhoqo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Amanqanaba okuqala eswekile yesifo seswekile ayibangeli utshintsho kumbono kwaye awuyi kuba neempawu. Kukuvavanywa kwamehlo kuphela okunokufumanisa ingxaki, ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela ukonakala kwamehlo ukuba kungabi kubi.

Nokuba ugqirha okhathalela isifo sakho seswekile ujonga amehlo akho, kufuneka uvavanywe iliso qho emva kweminyaka emi-2 ngugqirha wamehlo okhathalela abantu abanesifo seswekile. Ugqirha wamehlo unezixhobo ezinokujonga umva kweliso lakho ngcono kunokuba ugqirha wakho oqhelekileyo enokwenza.

Ukuba unengxaki yamehlo ngenxa yesifo seswekile, uya kubona ugqirha wamehlo rhoqo. Unokufuna unyango olukhethekileyo ukunqanda iingxaki zamehlo akho ukuba zingabi mbi.

Unokubona iindidi ezimbini zoogqirha bamehlo:

• Ugqirha wamehlo ngugqirha oyingcali yamehlo.
• Ugqirha wamehlo ngugqirha wamehlo. Nje ukuba unesifo samehlo esibangelwa sisifo seswekile, uya kubona kwakhona ugqirha wamehlo.

Ugqirha uya kujonga umbono wakho esebenzisa itshathi yeeleta ezingahleliwe ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yitshathi yeSnellen.

Uya kuthi emva koko unikwe imithambo yamehlo yokwandisa (ukwandisa) abafundi bamehlo akho ukuze ugqirha abone ngcono ngasemva kweliso. Unokuziva uluma xa amathontsi ebekwa kuqala. Unokuba nencasa yesinyithi emlonyeni wakho.

Ukubona ngasemva kweliso lakho, ugqirha ujonga kwiglasi ekhethekileyo yokukhulisa esebenzisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Ugqirha unokubona iindawo ezinokonakaliswa sisifo seswekile:

• Imithambo yegazi ngaphambili okanye kumbindi wombindi wamehlo
• Umva wamehlo
• Indawo yemithambo-luvo

Esinye isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba sisibane esisikiweyo sisetyenziselwa ukubona umphezulu wamehlo (cornea).

Ugqirha unokuthatha iifoto ngasemva kweliso lakho ukuze afumane uvavanyo oluthe kratya. Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-digital retinal scan (okanye i-imaging). Ikhamera ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuthatha iifoto zeretina yakho ngaphandle kokuvula amehlo akho. Ugqirha ke ujonga iifoto kwaye akwazise ukuba ufuna ezinye iimvavanyo okanye unyango.

Ukuba ubunamachaphaza okuhlaziya amehlo akho, umbono wakho uya kufiphala malunga neeyure ezingama-6. Kuya kuba nzima ukugxila kwizinto ezikufuphi. Kufuneka ubenomntu okuqhubela ekhaya.

Ukukhanya kwelanga kunokonakalisa iliso lakho ngokulula xa abafundi bakho benciphile. Nxiba iiglasi ezimnyama okanye umnyama amehlo akho de iziphumo zeethontsi ziphele.

I-retinopathy yeswekile - iimviwo zamehlo; Isifo seswekile - iimviwo zamehlo; I-glaucoma - uvavanyo lwamehlo seswekile; I-Macular edema-uvavanyo lwamehlo seswekile

• Ukujonga kwakhona isifo seswekile
• I-anatomy yangaphandle yamehlo nangaphakathi

Iwebhusayithi yaseAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology. Isifo seswekile i-retinopathy PPP 2019. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/diabetic-retinopathy-ppp. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Okthobha i-2019. Ifikeleleke ngoNovemba 12, 2020.

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 11. Ubunzima beMicrovascular kunye nokhathalelo lweenyawo: imigangatho yokhathalelo lonyango kwisifo seswekile-2020. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2020; 43 (iSuppl 1): S135-S151. IINKCUKACHA: 31862754 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862754/.

UBrownlee M, uAiello LP, uSun JK, et al. Iingxaki zesifo seswekile. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus, RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.

Skugor M. Isifo seswekile. Ku: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, ii-eds. URetina kaRyan. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 49.

• Iingxaki zamehlo zeswekile