Oonobangela kunye nomngcipheko wokutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni

Xa abantwana besitya ngaphezu kokuba befuna, imizimba yabo igcina iikhalori ezongezelelweyo kwiiseli ezinamafutha ukuze zisetyenziselwe amandla kamva. Ukuba imizimba yabo ayifuni la mandla agciniweyo, bahlakulela iiseli ezinamanqatha amaninzi kwaye banokutyeba kakhulu.

Akukho nanye into okanye indlela yokuziphatha ebangela ukutyeba kakhulu. Ukutyeba kakhulu kubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya imikhwa yomntu, indlela aphila ngayo, kunye nokusingqongileyo. Imfuza kunye nezinye iingxaki zonyango zikwonyusa amathuba omntu okutyeba kakhulu.

Iintsana nabantwana abancinci bahle kakhulu ekumameleni imiqondiso yemizimba yabo yendlala kunye nokuhlutha. Bayakuyeka ukutya nje xa imizimba yabo isithi baneli. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umzali oneenjongo ezintle ubaxelela ukuba kufuneka bagqibe yonke into esityeni sabo. Oku kuyabanyanzela ukuba bangakuhoyi ukuphelela kwaye batye yonke into abayinikiweyo.

Indlela esitya ngayo xa singabantwana inokuchaphazela kakhulu indlela yethu yokuziphatha yokutya njengabantu abadala. Xa siphinda oku kuziphatha ngaphezulu kweminyaka emininzi, ziba imikhwa. Ziyichaphazela into esiyityayo, xa sitya, nokuba sitya kangakanani.

Ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezifundwayo zibandakanya ukusebenzisa ukutya ku:

• Umvuzo wokuziphatha okuhle
• Funa intuthuzelo xa sibuhlungu
• Bonakalisa uthando

Ezi zinto sizifundileyo zikhokelela ekutyeni nokuba silambile okanye sihluthi. Abantu abaninzi kunzima kakhulu ukwahlukana nale mikhwa.

Usapho, izihlobo, izikolo, kunye nezixhobo zoluntu kwimeko yomntwana ziqinisa imikhwa yokuphila malunga nokutya kunye nomsebenzi.

Abantwana bajikelezwe zizinto ezininzi ezenza kube lula ukutya kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukusebenza:

• Abazali banexesha elincinci lokucwangcisa nokulungiselela ukutya okusempilweni. Ngenxa yoko, abantwana batya ukutya okugqityiweyo kunye nokukhawulezayo okuhlala kunempilo esezantsi kunokutya okuphekwe ekhaya.
• Abantwana babona ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 000 yentengiso yokutya minyaka le. Uninzi lwezi kukutya okukhawulezileyo, iilekese, iziselo ezibandayo kunye neesiriyeli ezineswekile.
• Ukutya okuninzi namhlanje kuyenziwa kwaye kunamafutha aphezulu kwaye kuneeswekile eninzi.
• Oomatshini abathengisa kunye neevenkile ezilula zenza kube lula ukufumana ukutya okulula, kodwa kunqabile ukuba bathengise ukutya okusempilweni.
• Ukutya ngokutya ngumkhwa oqiniswa ziivenkile zokutyela ezithengisa ukutya okunekhalori eziphezulu kunye nobukhulu beesahlulo esikhulu.

Ukuba umzali utyebe kakhulu kwaye unokutya ngendlela engalunganga kunye nemikhwa yokuzilolonga, umntwana kunokwenzeka ukuba athathe imikhwa efanayo.

Ixesha lesikrini, njengokubukela umabonwakude, imidlalo yokudlala, ukuthumela imiyalezo kunye nokudlala kwikhompyuter zizinto ezifuna amandla amancinci kakhulu. Bathatha ixesha elininzi kwaye bathathe indawo yomzimba. Kwaye, xa abantwana bebukele umabonwakude, bahlala benqwenela ukutya okungenasondlo okunama-calories aphezulu abakubonayo kwiintengiso.

Izikolo zinendima ebalulekileyo ekufundiseni abafundi malunga nokukhetha ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokuzilolonga. Izikolo ezininzi ngoku zinciphisa ukutya okungenampilo kwiidina nakwimishini yokuthengisa. Bakwakhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzise ngakumbi.

Ukuba noluntu olukhuselekileyo oluxhasa imisebenzi yangaphandle kwiipaki, okanye imisebenzi yangaphakathi kumaziko oluntu, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukusebenza komzimba. Ukuba umzali uziva ngathi akukhuselekanga ukuvumela umntwana wakhe ukuba adlale ngaphandle, umntwana kunokwenzeka ukuba enze imisebenzi yokuhlala ngaphakathi.

Ixesha lokuphazamiseka kwindlela otya ngayo libhekisa kwiqela leengxaki zonyango ezijolise ekutyeni, ekutyeni, ekunciphiseni nasekufumaneni ubunzima, kunye nomzimba. Imizekelo yeengxaki zokutya yile:

• Anorexia
• IBulimia

Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye neengxaki zokutya zihlala zenzeka ngaxeshanye kulutsha nakwabantu abadala abancinci abangonwabiyo ngomzimba wabo.

Abanye abantwana basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokutyeba kakhulu ngenxa yemfuza.Bafumene imfuza kubazali babo eyenza ukuba imizimba yabo ityebe ngokulula. Oku bekuya kuba luphawu oluhle kakhulu kumakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo, xa ukutya kwakunzima ukukufumana kwaye abantu babekhuthele kakhulu. Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, oku kunokusebenza ngokuchasene nabantu abanezi ntlobo zemfuza.

Imfuza ayisosizathu sodwa sokutyeba kakhulu. Ukuze batyebe, abantwana kufuneka batye iikhalori ezingaphezulu kunokuba bafuna ukukhula kunye namandla.

Ukutyeba kunokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezinqabileyo zemfuza, ezinje ngePrader Willi syndrome. I-Prader Willi isifo esisuka ekuzalweni (kwaso). Ngoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo wemfuza wobuntwana obukrakra nobusongela ubomi.

Iimeko ezithile zonyango zinokunyusa ukutya komntwana. Oku kubandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwehomoni okanye ukusebenza kwedlala ephantsi, kunye namayeza athile, anje ngee-steroids okanye amayeza okulwa ukuxhuzula. Ixesha elingaphezulu, nayiphi na kwezi inokunyusa umngcipheko wokutyeba kakhulu.

Ukutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni-oonobangela kunye nomngcipheko

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Ukutyeba komntwana kubangela iingxaki. www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/causes.html. Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 2, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 8, 2020.

UGahagan S. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds.Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 60.

I-O'Connor EA, i-Evans CV, iBurda BU, iWalsh ES, i-Eder M, i-Lozano P. Ukuvavanywa kokutyeba kakhulu kunye nokungenelela kulawulo lobunzima ebantwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo: ingxelo yobungqina kunye nokuphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. Ngo-2017; 317 (23): 2427-2444. IINKCUKACHA: 28632873 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28632873/.