Uvavanyo lweCholesterol kunye neziphumo

Ikholesterol yinto ethambileyo, efana ne-wax efumaneka kuwo onke amalungu omzimba. Umzimba wakho ufuna intwana yecholesterol ukuze usebenze kakuhle. Kodwa i-cholesterol eninzi inokuyivala imithambo yakho kwaye ikhokelele kwisifo sentliziyo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lweCholesterol lwenziwa ukukunceda wena kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba uqonde ngcono umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa yimithambo encinci okanye evaliweyo.

Amaxabiso afanelekileyo kuzo zonke iziphumo ze-cholesterol axhomekeke ekubeni unesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi. Umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ukuba yintoni injongo yakho ekufuneka ibe yiyo.

Enye i-cholesterol ithathwa njengelungileyo kwaye ezinye zithathwa njengezimbi. Uvavanyo lwegazi olwahlukeneyo lunokwenziwa ukulinganisa uhlobo ngalunye lwecholesterol.

Umboneleli wakho unoku-odola kuphela inqanaba le-cholesterol epheleleyo njengovavanyo lokuqala. Ilinganisa zonke iintlobo ze-cholesterol egazini lakho.

Unokuba neprofayili ye-lipid (okanye i-coronary risk), equka:

• I-cholesterol iyonke
• Ubuninzi be-lipoprotein (i-LDL cholesterol)
• Ubuninzi be lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol)
• I-Triglycerides (olunye uhlobo lwamafutha egazini lakho)
• I-lipoprotein ephantsi kakhulu (i-cholesterol ye-VLDL)

Iiploproteins zenziwe ngamanqatha kunye neeproteni. Baphatha i-cholesterol, i-triglycerides, kunye namanye amafutha, abizwa ngokuba yi-lipids, egazini ukuya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

Wonke umntu kufuneka abe novavanyo lokuqala lokuhlola iminyaka engama-35 yamadoda, kunye nama-45 eminyaka kwabasetyhini. Ezinye izikhokelo zincomela ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-20.

Kuya kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-cholesterol lwenziwe kwiminyaka engaphambili ukuba unayo:

• Seswekile
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Ukubetha
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Imbali eyomeleleyo yosapho yesifo sentliziyo

Uvavanyo olulandelayo kufuneka lwenziwe:

• Yonke iminyaka emi-5 ukuba iziphumo zakho ziqhelekile.
• Rhoqo kubantu abanesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, okanye iingxaki zokuhamba kwegazi kwimilenze okanye iinyawo.
• Unyaka nonyaka okanye njalo ukuba uthatha amayeza ukulawula i-cholesterol ephezulu.

I-cholesterol iyonke eyi-180 ukuya kwi-200 mg / dL (10 ukuya kwi-11.1 mmol / l) okanye ngaphantsi ithathwa njengeyona ilungileyo.

Awunakudinga iimvavanyo ezininzi ze-cholesterol ukuba i-cholesterol yakho ikuluhlu oluqhelekileyo.

I-cholesterol ye-LDL ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-cholesterol "embi". I-LDL inokuvala imithambo yakho.

Ufuna i-LDL yakho ibe sezantsi. I-LDL eninzi inxulunyaniswa nesifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha.

I-LDL yakho ihlala icingelwa ukuba iphezulu kakhulu ukuba ingu-190 mg / dL okanye ngaphezulu.

Amanqanaba phakathi kwe-70 kunye ne-189 mg / dL (3.9 kunye ne-10.5 mmol / l) zihlala zithathwa njengeziphezulu kakhulu ukuba:

• Unesifo seswekile kwaye uphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-75
• Unesifo seswekile kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo
• Unomngcipheko ophakathi okanye ophezulu wesifo senhliziyo
• Unesifo sentliziyo, imbali yokubetha, okanye ukusasazeka okungafanelekanga kwimilenze yakho

Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo ngokwesiko babeke inqanaba ekujoliswe kulo kwi-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL ukuba unyangwa ngamayeza ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho.

• Ezinye izikhokelo ezitsha ngoku zicebisa ukuba ababoneleli abasafuneki bajolise kwinombolo ethile ye-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL. Amayeza omeleleyo aphezulu asetyenziselwa abaguli abasemngciphekweni omkhulu.
• Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izikhokelo zisacebisa ukusebenzisa iithagethi ezithile.

Ufuna ukuba i-cholesterol yakho ye-HDL ibe phezulu. Izifundo zamadoda nabasetyhini zibonise ukuba i-HDL yakho ephezulu, kokukhona usehlisa umngcipheko wesifo semithambo. Yiyo loo nto maxa wambi i-HDL ibizwa ngokuba yi-cholesterol "elungileyo".

Amanqanaba e-cholesterol e-HDL angaphezulu kwama-40 ukuya kuma-60 mg / dL (2.2 ukuya 3.3 mmol / l) ayanqweneleka.

I-VLDL inelona nani liphezulu le-triglycerides. I-VLDL ithathwa njengoluhlobo lwe-cholesterol embi, kuba inceda i-cholesterol eyakhayo ezindongeni zemithambo.

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-VLDL avela kwi-2 ukuya kwi-30 mg / dL (0.1 ukuya kwi-1.7 mmol / l).

Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol anokuba sezantsi ngokwaneleyo ukuba umboneleli wakho angakubuzi ukuba utshintshe indlela otya ngayo okanye uthathe amayeza.

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwecholesterol; Iziphumo zovavanyo ze-LDL; Iziphumo zovavanyo lweVLDL; Iziphumo zovavanyo lweHDL; Iziphumo zomngcipheko weCoronary; Iziphumo zehyperlipidemia; Iziphumo zokuvavanywa kwesifo seLipid; Isifo sentliziyo - iziphumo zecholesterol

• Icholesterol

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 10. Isifo sentliziyo kunye nolawulo lomngcipheko: imigangatho yokhathalelo lonyango kwisifo seswekile-2020. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2020; 43 (iSuppl 1): S111-S134. IINKCUKACHA: 31862753 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31862753.

UFox CS, uGold SH, noAnderson C, et al. Uhlaziyo kuthintelo lwesifo sentliziyo kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile seswekile ngenxa yobungqina bakutshanje: Ingxelo yeSayensi evela kwiAmerican Heart Association kunye neAmerican Diabetes Association. Ukujikeleza. 2015; 132 (8): 691-718. IINKCUKACHA: 26246173 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26246173.

UGennest J, uLibby P.Lipoprotein ukuphazamiseka kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 48.

I-Grundy SM, iLitye NJ, iBaleyy AL, et al. 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA Isikhokelo kulawulo lwe-cholesterol yegazi: ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force kwi-Clinical Practice Guidelines . J NdinguColl Cardiol. 2019; 73 (24): e285-e350.2018. IINKCUKACHA: 30423393 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30423393.

Umlinganiso kaRohatgi A. Lipid. Ku: de Lemos JA, Omland T, ii-eds. Isifo seCoronary Artery esinganyangekiyo: Umhlobo kwiBraunwald's Isifo sentliziyo. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 8.

• Icholesterol
• Amanqanaba eCholesterol: Into ekufuneka uyazi
• HDL: "Okulungileyo" iCholesterol
• I-LDL: I-cholesterol "engalunganga"