Isifo seswekile, i-neuropathy: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• 1. Imithambo-luvo yomda
• 2. Ukuzimela kwe-neuropathy
• 3. Proximal neuropathy
• 4. I-Focal neuropathy
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ungayikhusela njani i-neuropathy

I-diabetes neuropathy yenye yeengxaki eziphambili zesifo seswekile, ebonakaliswa kukuwohloka kwemithambo-luvo, okunokuthi kunciphise ubuntununtunu okanye kubangele ukubonakala kwentlungu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ixhaphake kakhulu kwiziphelo ezinjengezandla okanye iinyawo.

Ngokubanzi, isifo seswekile sesifo seswekile sixhaphake kubantu abangasinyangi ngokwaneleyo isifo seswekile, amaxesha amaninzi abaneswekile ephezulu yegazi, ebangela ukonakala kwentliziyo.

Ukuphuhliswa kwe-peripheral neuropathy kunokucotha, kungabikho zimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha iintlungu, ukurhawuzelela, ukuvutha kwemvakalelo okanye ukuphulukana nemvakalelo kwingingqi echaphazelekayo kunokuvela.

Isifo seswekile isifo sokuziva unganyanga, kodwa ukuvela kwayo kunokulawulwa ngokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kunye nokuphelisa iintlungu zentliziyo. Fumana ngakumbi malunga nokuba inyango ye-neuropathic iphathwa njani.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iswekile ye-neuropathy ikhula kancinci kwaye inokuqatshelwa kude kuvele iimpawu ezibi kakhulu. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngohlobo lwe-neuropathy:

1. Imithambo-luvo yomda

I-peripheral neuropathy ibonakaliswa kukuzibandakanya kwemithambo-luvo, kuba lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesifo seswekile. Ihlala iqala ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni, ilandelwe zizandla neengalo. Iimpawu zihlala zisiba mbi ebusuku kwaye zibandakanya:

• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukurhawuzelela iminwe okanye iinzwane;
• Ukunciphisa amandla okuva iintlungu okanye utshintsho kubushushu;
• Imvakalelo yokutsha;
• Iintlungu okanye iicramps;
• Uvakalelo olukhulu lokuchukumisa;
• Ukulahleka kwebala;
• Buthathaka kwezihlunu;
• Ukuphulukana nengqondo, ngakumbi kwisithende sika-Achilles;
• Ukuphulukana nokulingana;
• Ukuphulukana nokulungelelaniswa kweemoto;
• Ukukhubazeka kunye nentlungu edibeneyo.

Ukongeza, i-peripheral neuropathy inokubangela iingxaki ezinyaweni ezinzulu, ezinje ngesifo seswekile, esibonakaliswa zizilonda okanye usulelo. Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba lunjani unyawo lweswekile kwaye uyinyanga njani.

2. Ukuzimela kwe-neuropathy

I-Autonomic neuropathy ichaphazela inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous elawula amalungu ahlukeneyo asebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwintando, njengentliziyo, isinyi, isisu, amathumbu, amalungu ezesondo namehlo.

Iimpawu ze-neuropathy zixhomekeka kwindawo echaphazelekayo kwaye zibandakanya:

• Ukungabikho kweempawu ze-hypoglycemia, ezinje ngokudideka, isiyezi, indlala, ukungcangcazela okanye ukunciphisa ukulungelelaniswa kwemoto;
• Ukuqunjelwa okanye urhudo;
• Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ubunzima bokucola ukutya okanye ubunzima bokuginya;
• Ukoma lobufazi;
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile;
• Ukwanda okanye ukunciphisa imveliso yokubila;
• Ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi kunokubangela ukuba ube nesiyezi xa sukuma;
• Imvakalelo yentliziyo ebalekayo, nokuba umile;
• Iingxaki zesinyi ezifana nokufuna ukuchama rhoqo okanye ukuba uneemfuno ezingxamisekileyo zokuchama, ukungabinamchamo wokuchama okanye ukusuleleka rhoqo kumchamo.

Ukongeza, i-autonomic neuropathy inokubangela ubunzima kulungelelwaniso olubonakalayo lokukhanya kwindawo emnyama.

3. Proximal neuropathy

I-proximal neuropathy, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-amyotrophy yeswekile okanye i-radiculopathy, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kwaye inokuchaphazela imithambo ethangeni, ezinqeni, ezinqeni okanye emilenzeni, ukongeza isisu nesifuba.

Iimpawu zihlala zenzeka kwelinye icala lomzimba, kodwa zinokusasazeka kwelinye icala kwaye zibandakanya:

• Intlungu ebukhali esinqeni nasethangeni okanye ezinqeni;
• Isisu esibuhlungu;
• Ubuthathaka kwimisipha yethanga;
• Kunzima ukuphakama kwindawo yokuhlala;
• Ukudumba kwesisu;
• Ukuhla ukusinda.

Abantu abane-neuropathy e-proximal banokuba neenyawo ezilahlekileyo okanye ezinyawo, ngokungathi unyawo lukhululekile, olunokubangela ubunzima bokuhamba okanye ukuwa.

4. I-Focal neuropathy

I-Focal neuropathy, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-mononeuropathy, ibonakaliswa kukuzibandakanya kwe-nerve ethile ezandleni, ezinyaweni, emilenzeni, esiqwini okanye entloko.

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kwi-nerve echaphazelekayo kwaye zibandakanya:

• Ukuphulukana nemvakalelo kwindawo ye-nerve echaphazelekayo;
• Ukubamba okanye ukuba ndindisholo ezandleni okanye kwiminwe ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-ulnar nerve;
• Ubuthathaka kwisandla esichaphazelekayo, esinokwenza ukuba kube nzima ukubamba izinto;
• Ubuhlungu ngaphandle komlenze okanye ubuthathaka kubhontsi omkhulu, ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-peroneal nerve;
• Ukukhubazeka kwelinye icala lobuso, okubizwa ngokuba yi-Bell's palsy;
• Iingxaki zombono ezinje ngobunzima bokujonga kwinto okanye umbono ophindwe kabini;
• Iintlungu ngasemva kweliso;

Ukongeza, ezinye iimpawu, ezinjengentlungu, ukuba ndindisholo, ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshisa kwisthupha, umnwe wesalathiso kunye nomnwe ophakathi, zinokubakho ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-median nerve, edlula esihlahleni kwaye ivule izandla, ichaza i-carpal tunnel isifo. Funda ngakumbi malunga neCarpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwesifo seswekile yengqondo kwenziwa yinkqubo ye-endocrinologist kwaye isekwe kwiimpawu kunye neempawu ezibonisiweyo kunye nembali yesi sifo. Ukongeza, ugqirha kufuneka enze uvavanyo lomzimba ukujonga amandla kunye neethoni zemisipha, kuvavanye i-tendon reflex kwaye ahlalutye ubuntununtunu bokuchukumisa kunye notshintsho kubushushu, njengokubanda nobushushu.

Ugqirha unokuphinda enze okanye a-odole iimvavanyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ezinje ngovavanyo lokuqhutywa kwemithambo-luvo, olulinganisa ukuba ngokukhawuleza imithambo engalweni nasemilenzeni iqhuba imiqondiso yombane, i-electroneuromyography, elinganisa ukukhutshwa kombane okuveliswe yimisipha, okanye ukuzimela. uvavanyo, olunokuthi lwenziwe ukumisela utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-diabetes neuropathy kufuneka lukhokelwe yi-endocrinologist kwaye ihlala isenziwa ukunciphisa iimpawu, ukuthintela iingxaki kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Unyango lwesifo seswekile lubandakanya amayeza anje ngala:

• Iintsholongwane, ezinje ngenaliti ye-insulin okanye ukuthatha i-antidiabetics yomlomo ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi;
• IiAnticonvulsants, njenge-pregabalin okanye i-gabapentin yokuphelisa iintlungu;
• Uxinzelelo, njenge-amitriptyline, imipramine, i-duloxetine okanye i-venlafaxine enceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu eziphakathi ukuya kwezilinganiselweyo;
• Iintlungu zeOpioid ithathwe ngomlomo, njenge-tramadol, i-morphine, i-oxycodone okanye i-methadone, okanye i-patch, njenge-transdermal fentanyl okanye i-transdermal buprenorphine.

Kwezinye iimeko, i-anti-depressant ingasetyenziswa kunye ne-anticonvulsant okanye la machiza anokusetyenziswa kunye nokuphelisa iintlungu ukunceda ukulawula iintlungu.

Ukongeza, kunyango lweengxaki zesifo seswekile, ukukhathalelwa ziingcali ezahlukeneyo kungafuneka, njenge-urologist ukunyanga iingxaki zomchamo, ngamayeza alawula ukusebenza kwesinyi okanye amayeza e-erectile dysfunction, umzekelo, okanye ugqirha wentliziyo olawulo uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye uphephe isifo seswekile. Fumanisa ukuba isifo sikashukela seswekile sikuphi kwaye ungasinyanga njani.

Ungayikhusela njani i-neuropathy

Iswekile ye-neuropathy inokuthintelwa ukuba amanqanaba eswekile yegazi alawulwa ngokungqongqo. Ukwenza oku, amanye amanyathelo aquka:

• Ukulandelwa rhoqo kwezonyango;
• Jonga amanqanaba eglucose egazini ekhaya kunye ne-glucometers, ngokweengcebiso zonyango;
• Ukuthatha amayeza okanye ukujova i-insulin, njengoko kumiselwe ngugqirha;
• Ziqhelanise nemisebenzi yomzimba rhoqo njengokuhamba ukukhanya, ukuqubha okanye i-aerobics yamanzi, umzekelo.

Kuya kufuneka utye ukutya okunezakha-mzimba okubandakanya imicu elungileyo, iiprotein kunye namafutha, kwaye uphephe ukutya okuneswekile eninzi njengeicookies, iziselo ezibandayo okanye iikeyiki. Jonga indlela yokutya kwisifo seswekile.